(n.) An appendage of the labyrinth of the internal ear, which is elongated and coiled into a spiral in mammals. See Ear.
Example Sentences:
(1) In addition to the aqueduct other associated inner ear anomalies have been identified in 60% of this population including: enlarged vestibule (14); enlarged vestibule and lateral semicircular canal (7); enlarged vestibule and hypoplastic cochlea (4); and hypoplastic cochlea (4).
(2) We tested the hypothesis that furosemide interferes with energy generation in the cochlea, and determined its effect on CO2 formation from glucose and glyceroaldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) activity by examining biochemical and histochemical changes in the cochlea, the kidney, and the liver.
(3) Although sound pressure levels are high, they are probably reduced before reaching the cochlea of the fetus because of the surrounding amniotic fluid and the fluid in the middle ear.
(4) We use this procedure to assess the excitability of the auditory nerve, the patency of the cochlea and to detect undesirable side effects of electrical stimulation, such as facial nerve activation.
(5) After 2-4 days the cochleas were prepared for morphological analysis by scanning electron microscopy and chemical analysis by X-ray dispersive microanalysis.
(6) Complete atrophy of variable lengths of the terminal basal coil cells was also found in all elderly cochleas.
(7) In a series with sixteen normal adult volunteers, 22 to 45 years in age, 100% of the cochleae, vestibules, and lateral and posterior semicircular canals were clearly demonstrated in T2 weighted images.
(8) In animals receiving passive (unstimulated) implants, morphometric analysis of spiral ganglion cell density showed no significant difference in ganglion cell survival between the implanted cochleas and the contralateral control ears.
(9) Measurements were obtained from fibers innervating hair cells in both the region of the cochlea that contains a tectorial membrane (tectorial fibers) and the region where hair-cell stereocilia are free-standing in scala media (free-standing fibers).
(10) Histologically, no discernible changes in the hair cells or sensory hairs were found with a scanning electron microscope at about 6 hours after 10 krad irradiation, while with a transmission electron microscope, the outer hair cells in the basal coil of the cochlea were found to be mostly destroyed.
(11) A combined morphological and physiological study on the effect of saccus obliteration on the cochlea and the vestibular labyrinth of the rat is presented.
(12) It is suggested that in a programme designed to implant such children at 2 years of age, techniques should be chosen that neither damage the cochlea nor the middle ear sound conducting mechanism.
(13) Blood flow in the cochlea, vestibular apparatus and facial nerve was investigated in the 12 temporal bones of 6 guinea pigs using non-radioactive microspheres.
(14) The total length in mm of each cochlea was also measured (Length).
(15) We have made whole-cell, tight-seal recordings from short (outer) hair cells isolated from the chick's cochlea.
(16) Morphological evidence suggests that the membrane participates in: (a) the release of mechanical energy supplied by the ossicular chain to the labyrinthine fluids; (b) an alternative route for sound energy to enter the cochlea; (c) secretion into and absorption from perilymph; and (d) the defense system of the middle and inner ears.
(17) Human cochleae were fixed in glutaraldehyde, without the use of osmium.
(18) The findings are discussed in relation to changes in nerve conduction speed and hearing loss; a possible correlation between the fiber diameter distribution and the tonotopical arrangement of the cochlea is suggested.
(19) Histological examination of the cochleas of monkeys with permanent hearing losses revealed corresponding damage to the high-frequency region of the organ of Corti.
(20) The endo- and perilymphatic glycocalyx of the cochlear epithelia were investigated ultrastructurally in normal and hydropic cochleas using the electron-dense markers cationized ferritin and colloidal thorium.
Perilymph
Definition:
(n.) The fluid which surrounds the membranous labyrinth of the internal ear, and separates it from the walls of the chambers in which the labyrinth lies.
Example Sentences:
(1) Compared with the endolymph, the perilymph was found to contain a higher concentration of glucose and total protein.
(2) The purity of each sample was assured by measurement of the protein concentration of each sample and comparison of this parameter to known normal values for perilymph, serum, and CSF.
(3) Morphological evidence suggests that the membrane participates in: (a) the release of mechanical energy supplied by the ossicular chain to the labyrinthine fluids; (b) an alternative route for sound energy to enter the cochlea; (c) secretion into and absorption from perilymph; and (d) the defense system of the middle and inner ears.
(4) After injection of the glucose-glucose oxidase mixture into the cerebellomedullary cistern, the deprivation of the oxygen tension in CSF and perilymph was measured in different time courses.
(5) This tendency was much more intensified in kidney and perilymph of the pretreated animals.
(6) Results indicate that the presence of K ions in the bathing fluids is essential for maintaining the receptor function in crista ampullaris, although very low concentrations of this ion in the perilymph are sufficient to preserve the receptor responsiveness to mechanical stimuli.
(7) Tissue characteristics of this laser energy should permit the vaporization of the stapes footplate or oval window soft tissue without thermal effect to the vestibule and without passing through the perilymph to damage the delicate structures of the inner ear.
(8) On the basis of theoretical considerations and experimental studies, it can be shown that Menière's attacks result from rupture of the membranous labyrinth with diffusion of potassium into the perilymph and sodium into the endolymph.
(9) However, oval window problems such as footplate refixation, perilymph fistula, otosclerotic regrowth, and lateralized oval window membrane in 60% of cases often complicated prosthesis displacement.
(10) Perilymph is considered to be the precursor of endolymph.
(11) These concomitant lesions comprise the perilymph fistula syndrome (PLFS) with a unique profile of neurological, perceptual, and cognitive deficits resembling a post-concussion injury.
(12) The endocochlear potential and Cl- activities in the endolymph and perilymph of guinea pigs were simultaneously measured with a pair of double-barreled Cl--sensitive liquid-membrane electrodes.
(13) No differences in osmotic pressure were demonstrated between endolymph, perilymph and serum.
(14) The only way of preventing the recurrent bouts of bacterial meningitis in cases of large perilymph fistulas is surgical repair.
(15) While the round window niche was irrigated with artificial perilymph containing 1 mM TMPA, the TMPA concentration in ST of the basal turn rose rapidly so as to reach 20-50% of the irrigating medium concentration in one hour.
(16) From each anesthetized guinea pig, five to six perilymph samples were collected from one ear, and one sample was collected from the other ear at 6 h. The concentrations of amikacin in perilymph were dose proportional and increased slowly during the 6-h infusion.
(17) The problem of the perilymph origin--influx of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) versus ultrafiltration within the cochlea--cannot be solved by mere qualitative proofs of tracer passage through the cochlear aqueduct.
(18) Following perilymph aspiration through the perforated round window membrane, mild but significant elevations of CAP thresholds at tested frequencies were found.
(19) The conversion of LTC4 into LTD4 and LTE4 was lower in perilymph as compared to the cerebrospinal fluid, suggesting a rate limiting function of the cochlear aqueduct that can be defined as a cerebrospinal fluid-labyrinth barrier.
(20) Secondary immune response animals, those which were systemically immunized with KLH prior to inner ear challenge, showed significant serum and perilymph anti-KLH titers, and normal CM and AP thresholds at the time of inner ear challenge.