(n.) One of the opium alkaloids; a white crystalline substance, C18H21NO3, similar to and regarded as a derivative of morphine, but much feebler in its action; -- called also codeia.
Example Sentences:
(1) No associations were found between sex, body-weight, smoking habits, age, urine volume or urine pH and the O-demethylation of codeine.
(2) The analgesic effects of acetaminophen alone were not significantly different from acetaminophen in combination with codeine.
(3) These results have implications in utilizing codeine phosphate as a positive skin prick test control for allergy testing.
(4) In the degradation reaction, formation of the symmetrically substituted citrate ester of codeine, 1, was found to predominate.
(5) Analysis of hair samples obtained from 10 drug-free control subjects were negative for 6-acetylmorphine, morphine, and codeine.
(6) Codeine and fenoprofen rapidly achieve their ultimate plasma equilibrium levels (on a q.
(7) Codeine 60 mg was significantly superior to placebo in all pain measures.
(8) Based on the current understanding that the analgesic effect of codeine is mediated primarily through morphine, one might anticipate that poor metabolisers would not obtain pain relief from codeine.
(9) One hundred patients completed the study and were randomly assigned to four treatment groups, each receiving either functioning transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulators (TENS), placebo TENS, acetaminophen with codeine and a functioning TENS, or acetaminophen with codeine and a placebo TENS.
(10) Codeine was converted to codeinone and 14-hydroxycodeinone.
(11) These data suggest that codeine undergoes filtration at the glomerulus, tubular secretion and passive reabsorption.
(12) The animals completely generalized to the effects of codeine, fentanyl and EK-209, but did not generalize completely to the effect of ethylketocyclazocine.
(13) Haloperidol, used in a dose which did not affect the locomotor activity of mice, completely blocked or even reversed the stimulatory action of morphine and fentanyl, and potentiated the depression of locomotor activity produced by pentazocine and codeine.
(14) Comparison of the area under the time-effect curves for the combination and the individual components confirmed the synergism between codeine and paracetamol.
(15) The hydrolysis of codeine-6-glucuronide by beta-glucuronidase was incomplete and urine reduced the extent of hydrolysis.
(16) After amphetamine, codeine, or ampicillin administration, no target organ toxicity was seen in rats or mice, even at doses which caused body weight gain depression.
(17) Codeine 60 mg had a more rapid onset of action and greater maximal effects than Ro 15-8081.
(18) Protection by codeine 20 mg, dextromethorphan 30 mg, noscapine 30 mg, and placebo against citric acid-induced cough was determined in eighteen healthy subjects.
(19) The clinical significance of this polymorphism to the antidiarrhoeal and antitussive properties of codeine is not known.
(20) These data suggest that codeine-6-glucuronide undergoes filtration at the glomerulus and tubular reabsorption.
Cough
Definition:
(v. i.) To expel air, or obstructing or irritating matter, from the lungs or air passages, in a noisy and violent manner.
(v. t.) To expel from the lungs or air passages by coughing; -- followed by up; as, to cough up phlegm.
(v. t.) To bring to a specified state by coughing; as, he coughed himself hoarse.
(v. i.) A sudden, noisy, and violent expulsion of air from the chest, caused by irritation in the air passages, or by the reflex action of nervous or gastric disorder, etc.
(v. i.) The more or less frequent repetition of coughing, constituting a symptom of disease.
Example Sentences:
(1) Down and up regulation by peptides may be useful for treatment of cough and prevention of aspiration pneumonia.
(2) After controlling for FEV1, cough was still significantly associated with treatment for airway disease in general and both cough, mucus hypersecretion and chronic bronchitis were significantly associated with treatment for airway obstruction.
(3) The drug proved to be of high value in alleviating nocturnal coughing controlling spastic bronchitis in children, as a pretreatment before bronchological examinations and their anaesthesia.
(4) The drug I started taking caused an irritating, chronic cough, which disappeared when I switched to an inexpensive diuretic.
(5) Both hypersensitivity of the cough reflex and the symptom of cough are reversed by sulindac which suggests that the abnormal reflex is dependent on cyclo-oxygenase products.
(6) The responses were scored hourly up to 4 hours after the administration of single doses in the morning to subjects with persistent cough.
(7) I really want people to know that pregnancy vaccination means we now have the power to minimise – if not completely stop – deaths from whooping cough,” she said.
(8) The inability of these young smokers to enhance their mucus clearance by cough suggests a change in the mucociliary apparatus from normal.
(9) Most infections have flu-like symptoms including fever, coughing, sore throat, runny nose, and aches and pains.
(10) Patients were selected if they demonstrated no apparent underlying cause for their persistent cough after appropriate radiological and respiratory function tests including methacholine reactivity and bronchoscopic examination.
(11) During captopril treatment one patient complained of a non-productive cough.
(12) Malaise, fatigability, low-grade fever, aching chest pain and mild cough lasting a few days to a few weeks are usual.
(13) These dyspnea complaints often presented themselves as isolated symptoms, without chronic cough or phlegm production.
(14) These findings suggest that muscarinic receptor stimulation, bronchoconstriction, beta 2 receptor stimulation, or bronchodilation might have no direct effect on the sensitivity of the cough receptors in normal subjects.
(15) In the treatment of 31 cases of acute infections of pediatric field including upper and lower airway infections, empyema, whooping cough, acute urinary tract infections and phlegmon, CMNX was administered intravenously either as one shot injection as drip infusion.
(16) Among men, a large group complained of chronic cough.
(17) There were statistically significant exposure-response relations between exposure and symptoms from eyes and upper airways, dry cough, positive skin prick test, and specific IgE and IgG antibodies.
(18) To determine the role of the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major during cough in tetraplegic subjects.
(19) The effect of the drugs on respiratory resistance (Rrs), measured using a forced oscillation technique, was measured both before and after the inhalation of a dose of capsaicin which caused less than two coughs.
(20) One year later, using postal questionnaires, they were asked about their experience of back pain in the ensuing 12 months and about smoking habits, breathlessness, coughing, and the bringing up of phlegm.