(n.) A sheath in the embryo of grasses, inclosing the caulicle.
Example Sentences:
(1) In situ hybridization showed localization of the 1.1-kilobase rice lectin mRNA in root caps and specific cell layers of the radicle, coleorhiza, scutellum, and coleoptile.
(2) Transcripts corresponding to the cDNA, pZE40, become abundant in the non-axial tissues of the developing embryo within 8-10 days after anthesis, when steady-state levels are high in the scutellum, coleoptile and coleorhiza, with the exception of the scutellar epithelium.
(3) Radioautography indicated that during this period there was a continuous increase in the radioactivity present in the acid-insoluble fractions of the root and leaf tissues relative to that present in the coleorhiza and coleoptile.
Plumule
Definition:
(pl. ) of Plumula
(n.) The first bud, or gemmule, of a young plant; the bud, or growing point, of the embryo, above the cotyledons. See Illust. of Radicle.
(n.) A down feather.
(n.) The aftershaft of a feather. See Illust. under Feather.
(n.) One of the featherlike scales of certain male butterflies.
Example Sentences:
(1) Increased transcription rates were observed within 5 min after application of auxins to excised plumules, and half-maximal to maximal transcription rates were achieved by 15 min after application of auxins.
(2) Nuclear proteins extracted from soybean plumules were shown to bind double-stranded oligonucleotides homologous to AT-rich sequences in the 5' flanking regions of soybean beta-conglycinin, lectin, leghemoglobin and heat shock genes.
(3) The chick of the DTW mutant shows cream yellow plumules similar to those of the White Leghorn chick.
(4) The abundance of phyA RNA1 in the plumule and hook regions was 3-5-fold higher than that of RNA2, whereas the ratio of their abundance was approximately unity in other regions.
(5) In the growing pea seedling (7 days old), about 3% of the total activity was in the plumule, 9% in the root and the remainder in the cotyledons.
(6) The rates of transcription of the auxin-responsive sequences were 10- to 100-fold greater with nuclei isolated from auxin-treated plumules than with those from untreated plumules.
(7) In both the root and the plumule the activity on a wet- or a dry-weight basis was highest in the growing tip.
(8) Nuclei isolated from excised soybean plumules that were treated with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) were active in transcription of four auxin-regulated genes or DNA sequences, which have been described previously (G. Hagen, A. Kleinschmidt, and T. Guilfoyle, Planta 162:147-153, 1984).
(9) The transcriptional response was also observed with hypocotyls of intact soybean seedlings and hypocotyl sections, as well as with green bean and mung bean plumules that were treated with 2,4-D. Other auxins, including 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid, alpha-naphthaleneacetic acid, and indole-3-acetic acid, also induced the transcriptional response.
(10) Significant differences in some agronomical characters were achieved among somaclones of seed and plumule meristem origin.
(11) Swollen down plumules, an embryonic lethal condition characterized by an enlargement of the dermal pulp cavity of down feathers, has been observed in a subline of turkeys.
(12) Phenotypic variation of the disorder is expressed in the number of pterylae that contain the abnormal down plumules.