(n.) The act of reducing to a fine powder or to small particles; pulverization; the state of being comminuted.
(n.) Fracture (of a bone) into a number of pieces.
(n.) Gradual diminution by the removal of small particles at a time; a lessening; a wearing away.
Example Sentences:
(1) The treatment of a Smith type-II fracture is a volar buttress plate unless extended comminution is present.
(2) Pure blow-out fracture or comminuted facial fracture, double vision and amnesia emerged as additional factors which yielded an efficient scoring system with a sensitivity of 89% and specificity of 90% for the population upon which it was based.
(3) The characteristic injuries were compression wedge-shaped fractures, multiple fractures of the vertebrae, comminuted and traumatic spondylolistheses and dislocation fractures.
(4) The following signs in the preoperative radiographs were predictive of unfavorable outcome: small head fragment, comminution of the calcar femorale, and varus angulation of the head.
(5) One hospital had a significantly higher proportion of patients wounded by bullets that disrupted after impact; these wounds were associated with comminuted fractures.
(6) Traumatic lesions of the anterior cranial fossa (ACF) with comminuted depressed fractures and with tears of dura require operative management.
(7) Shortening in severe comminution was the main complication and was not controlled by supplementary cast-bracing.
(8) Stable fractures treated in skin traction did well and extensively comminuted fractures appeared to be best treated with 90-90 skeletal traction.
(9) Comminuted body fractures are best treated with an anterior strut graft.
(10) Serious septal injuries may include comminuted caudal border fractures, septal crushes, and saddling with loss of septal height.
(11) In comminuted fractures, the axial deviation persists but can be compensated for by the adjacent segments of the spine.
(12) Special attention should be focused on injuries with comminution and bone loss in the medial wall and floor of the orbit, with loss of cartilaginous nasal support, and with orbital displacement and dystopia.
(13) A comminuted burst ("teardrop") fracture produced by axial loading of the vertebral bodies should be stabilized by an anterior cortical strut graft for early mobilization and realignment of the spinal column to prevent progressive deformity.
(14) A new technique is presented for the treatment of comminuted intraarticular fractures of the base of the thumb metacarpal.
(15) Forty-seven patients had unstable comminuted fractures, and 20 of these had medial displacement osteotomies performed.
(16) Errors in surgical judgment were attributed to inadequate preoperative analysis of the pattern of the fracture; undetected intraoperative comminution during reaming or insertion of the nail, or both; or postoperative failure to recognize an increase in comminution and instability of the fracture.
(17) Special attention must be paid to the Sarmiento type-II fracture with severe comminution of the dorsal cortex, severe radial shortening (greater than 10 mm) and dorsal tilt (greater than 25 degrees).
(18) Its treatment concurrent with the treatment of a severely comminuted fracture of the mandible has been reported.
(19) Preservation of the radial head with anatomic reduction and rigid internal fixation is preferred, but radial head replacement may be necessary in cases with extensive comminution.
(20) Forty comminuted or unstable fractures of the femoral shaft were treated by closed intramedullary reaming and locked nailing.
Particle
Definition:
(n.) A minute part or portion of matter; a morsel; a little bit; an atom; a jot; as, a particle of sand, of wood, of dust.
(n.) Any very small portion or part; the smallest portion; as, he has not a particle of patriotism or virtue.
(n.) A crumb or little piece of concecrated host.
(n.) The smaller hosts distributed in the communion of the laity.
(n.) A subordinate word that is never inflected (a preposition, conjunction, interjection); or a word that can not be used except in compositions; as, ward in backward, ly in lovely.
Example Sentences:
(1) Lung sections of rats exposed to quartz particles were significantly different.
(2) In oleate-labeled particles, besides phosphatidic acid the product of PLD action radioactivity was also detected in diglyceride as a result of resident phosphatidate phosphohydrolase, which hydrolyzed the phosphatidic acid.
(3) Subunits maintained under the above ionic conditions were compared with 30S and 50S particles at low (6 mM) magnesium concentration with respect to the reactivity of individual ribosomal proteins to lactoperoxidase-catalyzed iodination.
(4) Charcoal particles coated with the lipid extract were prepared and the suspension inoculated intravenously into mice.
(5) These observations suggest that the liver secretes disk-shaped lipid bilayer particles which represent both the nascent form of high density lipoproteins and preferred substrate for lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase.
(6) Intramembrane particles (IMP) were quantitatively assessed in the perikaryal plasma membranes of infundibular neurons.
(7) The mode of ribosome degradation under this condition is discussed in terms of differential appearance of these intermediate particles.
(8) When commercial chickens are infected in most sensitive one-day age, the virus titre does not exceed the value of 10(12) particles per 1 ml of plasma.
(9) Interaction of viable macrophages with cationic particles at 37 degrees C resulted in their "internalization" within vesicles and coated pits and a closer apposition between many segments of plasmalemma than with neutral or anionic substances.
(10) A 2-fold increase in the dissolution rate was observed when the same number of particles was immobilized without macrophages.
(11) Photolysis of the photosystem I particles induces a progressive depletion of phylloquinone, however, photochemistry as assayed at room temperature by the photooxidation of P-700 is unaffected.
(12) Taking into account the calculated volume and considering the triangular image as one face of the particle, it is suggested that eIF-3 has the shape of a flat triangular prism with a height of about 7 nm and the above-mentioned side-lengths.
(13) Well defined surface projections could be found in all particle types.
(14) Type C-like particles were found inter- and intracellularly in gland and vessel lumina and scattered in the connective tissue.
(15) The intracellular distribution and interaction of 19S ring-type particles from D. melanogaster have been analysed.
(16) Viral particles in the cultures and the brain were of various sizes and shapes; particles ranged from 70 to over 160 nm in diameter, with a variable position of dense nucleoids and less dense core shells.
(17) In the absence of adequate data exclusively from studies of inhaled particles in people, the results of inhalation studies using laboratory animals are necessary to estimate particle retention in exposed people.
(18) Depletion of extracellular Ca2+ by EGTA [ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N'N'-tetraacetic acid] attenuated both [Ca2+]i increase and superoxide production induced by particles.
(19) Completed RNA chains were released from the subviral particles.
(20) Problems of calculations and predictions on more than two particles moving are known in mathematics and physics since a long time already.