(a.) Hollow and curved or rounded; vaulted; -- said of the interior of a curved surface or line, as of the curve of the of the inner surface of an eggshell, in opposition to convex; as, a concave mirror; the concave arch of the sky.
(a.) Hollow; void of contents.
(n.) A hollow; an arched vault; a cavity; a recess.
(n.) A curved sheath or breasting for a revolving cylinder or roll.
(v. t.) To make hollow or concave.
Example Sentences:
(1) In the absence of glutamine the aggregate is readily dissociated following dilution of the extract; that is, velocity concaves upward as a function of increasing protein concentration.
(2) Under the SEM, the unstained area of rods is always showing a concavity, which is just a nucleoid in sections under the TEM.
(3) Three cases are presented in which a focal concave deformity occurred along the greater curvature of the stomach on upper gastrointestinal (GI) series.
(4) This change in shape varied from a slight flattening of the LV and IVS during diastole to total reversal of the normal direction of septal curvature such that the IVS became concave toward the RV and convex toward the LV.
(5) The technique combines the conventional plotting the contour lines and the highlighting, by means of hatching, of the concavities (or convexities) of the 'surface' representative of radioactive distribution.
(6) The trapezoidal shape of the vertebrae and scarring of the soft tissues within the concavity made correction difficult.
(7) On freeze-fracture preparations, the fragments with concave profile, corresponding to the external fracture face of plasma membrane, displayed an intramembrane particle density (ranging from 0 to 750 particles per micron2) which is similar to that recorded on the corresponding fracture face of intact cells from the common lymphoblastic leukemia antigen positive leukemic cell line (Nalm-1) or of vesicles shed in the culture medium by Nalm-1 cells.
(8) In testicular and cauda spermatozoa NBD-phallacidin fluorescent material was present in the two ventral processes that extended from the upper concave surface of the sperm head; also fainter material occurred along the concave border and as a dorsocaudal spur.
(9) When viewed in the lateral projection, the concavities superimpose, lying in the posterior portion of the vertebral body.
(10) Dose-effect relationships for most of the sampling times were linear and sometimes linear-quadratic concave upward or downward.
(11) This should be prevented by a bone-graft operation along the concave side of the tibia.
(12) Since February 1982, 23 patients with scoliosis were treated by releasing the soft tissues on the concave side and plaster spinal fusion jacket.
(13) The DRT curves of all data were concave and appeared to have two discrete slopes (z(D) values).
(14) Between the concave surfaces of two bent cadaverine molecules exists water channels all along the short b axis.
(15) Homotropic cooperative effects were observed as shown by the concave downward curvature of the reciprocal plots.
(16) The late mortality is 3.8% per patient-year--standard disc group 2.9% per patient-year and convexo-concave group 4.3% per patient year (no significant difference).
(17) The relationship between chloride transport and extracellular chloride in the presence of bromide is concave upward which suggests that this anion inhibits chloride movement.
(18) (3) A row of regularly spaced ribosomes located in the concavity, but at some distance from the arciform filament.
(19) The authors also consider a problem of how to interpret the symptom of a "snake mouth" or a "concave lens" which (depending on its cause) can be either transient (in a large concrement) or stable (in an exophytic tumor, completely occluding the duct).
(20) In both maxillary and mandibular teeth, approximal concavities often started in enamel, extending down to the root surface.
Syncline
Definition:
(n.) A synclinal fold.
Example Sentences:
(1) The two structures are mirror images and the central C--C--N--C--C chain adopts the anti-periplanar-synclinal conformation.
(2) In both monomeric and aggregated states the phosphocholine function of 1 adopts the synclinal conformation (alpha 5 torsional angle), in analogy with phosphatidylcholine (Hauser, H., Guyer, W., Pascher, I., Skrabal, P. and Sundell, S. (1980) Biochemistry 19, 366-373).
(3) The requirements of compounds in the cyclamate series for sweet taste stimulation are: synclinal conformation between NH and SO in the aminosulphonate group, length less than 0.7 nm of the group on the nitrogen, and hydrophobic character of the latter group.
(4) The alpha-methyl group is fully extended (antiplanar) whereas the amino group is orientated back towards the ring (synclinal).
(5) The compound is a potential antiarrhythmic and the molecule has the typical synclinal conformation for the -NH-CH-CH2-OH fragment of the side chain [tau CC = 56.5 (8) degrees] exhibited by these compounds.
(6) A comparison with the native crystal structure, where SO-4(2) is bound, revealed five changes: (a) a 0.10-nm shift of the anion-binding site; (b) a further closing of the flexible loop of the enzyme; (c) a 'swinging in' of the side chain of the catalytic Glu, that is chi 1 changes from (+) to (-) synclinal; (d) an altered water structure; (e) a disappearance of the conformational heterogeneity at the C-terminus of strand beta 7.
(7) One of these (rotamer A) is characterized by torsion angles theta 3 = antiperiplanar, theta 4 = +synclinal, and the other (rotamer B) by theta 3 = +synclinal, theta 4 = -synclinal.
(8) In both rotamers A and B the ester oxygens on the glycerol carbon atoms C(2) and C(3) are synclinal, and hence both types of rotamers readily allow the parallel alignment of the two hydrocarbon chains.
(9) The two fatty acid substituted glycerol oxygens have mutually a - synclinal rather than the more common + synclinal conformation.
(10) The X-ray crystal structure conformation for compound 22 (2-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl]-3-]-3-(1-methylethoxy) phenyl]-4(3H)-quinazolinone, IC50 = 0.026 microM) is extended with the two heteroaromatic rings adopting an antiperiplanar arrangement around the central sigma bond of the ethane linker, whereas the solid-state conformation for a less active analogue 19 (2-[2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-methylethyl]-3-[3-(1- methylethoxy)phenyl]-4(3H)-quinazolinone, IC50 = 9.1 microM) is folded with the two heteroaromatic systems adopting a synclinal orientation.
(11) Whereas both solid-state (+-)-orphenadrine hydrochloride and diphenhydramine hydrochloride [(CH3)2NCH2CH2OCH(Ph)2.HCl] have synclinal N-C-C-O and antiperiplanar NC-C-O-CAr2 torsion angles, the former has a helical arrangement for Ar2CH, as expected, and the phenyl rings in the latter are disposed in a nonhelical, "open-book" arrangement.
(12) The conformation about the C1-C2 bond (theta 1 angle) of the sphingosine backbone is predominantly -synclinal, analogously to the conformation of the crystalline galactosyl cerebroside (Pascher, I. and Sundell, S. (1977) Chem.