What's the difference between conclusion and paralogism?

Conclusion


Definition:

  • (n.) The last part of anything; close; termination; end.
  • (n.) Final decision; determination; result.
  • (n.) Any inference or result of reasoning.
  • (n.) The inferred proposition of a syllogism; the necessary consequence of the conditions asserted in two related propositions called premises. See Syllogism.
  • (n.) Drawing of inferences.
  • (n.) An experiment, or something from which a conclusion may be drawn.
  • (n.) The end or close of a pleading, e.g., the formal ending of an indictment, "against the peace," etc.
  • (n.) An estoppel or bar by which a person is held to a particular position.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) In conclusion, the efficacy of free tissue transfer in the treatment of osteomyelitis is geared mainly at enabling the surgeon to perform a wide radical debridement of infected and nonviable soft tissue and bone.
  • (2) In conclusion, in S-rats a glucose-stimulated insulin release is accompanied by an increase in IBF, but this is not observed in P-rats.
  • (3) These studies led to the following conclusions: (a) all the prominent NHP which remain bound to DNA are also present in somewhat similar proportions in the saline-EDTA, Tris, and 0.35 M NaCl washes of nuclei; (b) a protein comigrating with actin is prominent in the first saline-EDTA wash of nuclei, but present as only a minor band in the subsequent washes and on washed chromatin; (c) the presence of nuclear matrix proteins in all the nuclear washes and cytosol indicates that these proteins are distributed throughout the cell; (d) a histone-binding protein (J2) analogous to the HMG1 protein of K. V. Shooter, G.H.
  • (4) However, direct measurements of mediator release should be carried out to reach a firm conclusion.
  • (5) In conclusion, abdominal Marlex-mesh rectopexy can be recommended as safe and effective treatment for rectal prolapse, despite some patients developing constipation and some remaining incontinent.
  • (6) The data support the conclusion that accumulation of lipid II is responsible in some way for the hypersensitivity of delta rfbA mutants to SDS.
  • (7) The presently available data allow us to draw the following conclusions: 1) G proteins play a mediatory role in the transmission of the signal(s) generated upon receptor occupancy that leads to the observed cytoskeletal changes.
  • (8) The following conclusions emerge: (i) when the 3' or the 3' penultimate base of the oligonucleotide mismatched an allele, no amplification product could be detected; (ii) when the mismatches were 3 and 4 bases from the 3' end of the primer, differential amplification was still observed, but only at certain concentrations of magnesium chloride; (iii) the mismatched allele can be detected in the presence of a 40-fold excess of the matched allele; (iv) primers as short as 13 nucleotides were effective; and (v) the specificity of the amplification could be overwhelmed by greatly increasing the concentration of target DNA.
  • (9) When you have been out for a month you need to prepare properly before you come back.” Pellegrini will make his own assessment of Kompany’s fitness before deciding whether to play him in the Bournemouth game, which he is careful to stress may not be the foregone conclusion the league table might suggest.
  • (10) The most important conclusion of both conferences was that oestrogen substitution can significantly reduce the incidence of fractures in postmenopausal women.
  • (11) Several investigators have attempted to correlate chromosomal abnormalities with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CLS), but none of them have been conclusive.
  • (12) Keep it in the ground campaign Though they draw on completely different archives, leaked documents, and interviews with ex-employees, they reach the same damning conclusion: Exxon knew all that there was to know about climate change decades ago, and instead of alerting the rest of us denied the science and obstructed the politics of global warming.
  • (13) In conclusion, autoimmune thyroiditis in an animal model can be prevented by reducing thyroidal iodine or its metabolism and optimal effects require intervention at the embryonic stage.
  • (14) This conclusion is based on the following evidence: (a) Ca(2+) stimulated hydrolysis of cyclic GMP by fraction II more than that of cyclic AMP.
  • (15) This study demonstrates conclusively that both renin and Ao genes are expressed in the newborn kidney, providing evidence for a local renin-angiotensin system that is subjected to developmental changes.
  • (16) Conclusions on phylogenetic trends of sexual dimorphism of skeletal robusticity and the effect of culture on it seem to be premature.
  • (17) Particular attention has been paid to diabetes mellitus and chronic pancreatitis, but a firm conclusion cannot be drawn.
  • (18) In conclusion, the ability of distal tubules to establish a significant pH gradient will contribute to the titration of non bicarbonate buffers, i.e., to titratable acid formation.
  • (19) In conclusion there is no species specificity in rats or mice in the induction of the renal carcinoma by Fe-NTA, but male mice are far more susceptible to both the acute or subacute toxicity and carcinogenic effect of Fe-NTA than are female mice.
  • (20) In conclusion, 99Tcm-MIBI SPECT provides a reliable method for detecting CAD.

Paralogism


Definition:

  • (n.) A reasoning which is false in point of form, that is, which is contrary to logical rules or formulae; a formal fallacy, or pseudo-syllogism, in which the conclusion does not follow from the premises.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Explanations of these results have included accelerated evolution in the snake lineage, paralogy rather than orthology, and faulty determination of the sequence, and the rattlesnake is now often omitted from cytochrome c phylogenetic trees.
  • (2) Analyses of silent and replacement site differences in the two exons of the paralogous and orthologous genes in each species indicate that common selective forces are acting on all five loci.
  • (3) Moreover, an analysis of paralogous human and mouse beta-tubulin sequences supported the conclusion that the synonymous substitution rates in the mouse were higher than those in the human.
  • (4) These eight sequences form a family of paralogous homologues.
  • (5) FV fragments, VH fragments and a paralog peptide that had been derived from a parent antibody with a specificity for hen lysozyme were produced.
  • (6) This screening resulted in the isolation of full length cDNAs for the chicken homolog of HOX4F (cognate of mouse Hox-4.6), which we have termed GHox-4.6, and the chicken homolog of human HOX1I, which we have named GHox-1i, a paralog of Hox-4.6 in the HOX 1 cluster.
  • (7) An evolutionary tree analysis revealed paralogous relationships between specific members of the rhesus and human V region families.
  • (8) Comparisons of nucleotide and amino acid sequences as well as the analysis of the structural organization of murine and human homeo box genes reveal strong paralogous relationships between genes in different clusters.
  • (9) Identical intron-exon structure and extensive sequence homology of their paired boxes suggest that several Pax genes represent paralogs.
  • (10) Possible orthologous and paralogous relationships were investigated.
  • (11) However, this pair of paralogous Alu family repeats is absent at the corresponding positions in rhesus macaques.
  • (12) The extrapolated date for the origin of the common ancestral small-subunit rRNA (3.6-4.7 x 10(9) years ago) is consistent with major rRNA lineages being paralogous.
  • (13) In a second phase symptoms were observed such as paralogism, echolalia, verbigeration, circumstantiality, neologism, hypotonic thinking, perseveration, blocking.
  • (14) We propose a phylogeny of the creatine kinase genes in the lower chordates based on the time of appearance of new CK loci, the sequence in which the loci achieve a tissue restricted expression, and the immunochemical relatedness of the orthologous and paralogous gene products.
  • (15) Sequence data show that the immunoglobulins evolved from two sets of paralogous genes: a gene set coding for the V regions and another for the different C regions.
  • (16) The FV column had excellent specificity for hen lysozyme, the VH column had significantly reduced specificity and the paralog peptide column did not bind lysozyme at all.
  • (17) Southern hybridization analysis showed that the segments are paralogous, not allelic.
  • (18) The mechanism of character transference through paralogical conclusions required for this shows parallels to the logic schizophrenia.
  • (19) Models to account for the difference in similarity between the coding genes were tested by orthologous and paralogous comparisons of the extent of sequence divergence.
  • (20) This report describes the construction of a representative set of paratope analogs, or "paralogs," which can be conjugated to a chromatographic sorbent to combine desirable characteristics of traditional high-performance liquid chromatography columns with the specificity of a moderate affinity antibody.