What's the difference between confounded and unconfounded?
Confounded
Definition:
(imp. & p. p.) of Confound
(a.) Confused; perplexed.
(a.) Excessive; extreme; abominable.
Example Sentences:
(1) Previous studies have not always controlled for socioeconomic status (SES) of mothers or other potential confounders such as gestational age or birthweight of infants.
(2) Displacing potencies for dopamine in the nanomolar range are associated with agonist-specific D-3 receptor binding and it is predicted that the component of D-2 binding with high agonist affinity may play a confounding role in many D-3 receptor studies.
(3) Frequently, however, only incomplete data on confounders can be obtained from sources such as next-of-kin or co-workers.
(4) Among all subgroups, the odds ratios adjusted for pertinent confounders and interactions fluctuated randomly by about 0.9 and showed no consistent trend with increased alcohol consumption.
(5) The possibility of applying Signal Detection Theory (SDT) to gustation was investigated by testing the effect of three variables--smoking, signal probability, and food intake (confounded with time of day)--on the taste sensitivity to sucrose of 24 male and 24 female Ss.
(6) They also include difficulties peculiar to the condition of mild mental retardation, including the choice of method of classification whether by IQ testing or administratively; the heterogeneous nature of the individuals so characterised; and the confounding effects of social and biological factors and the changes in the implications for the affected individual of the condition, depending on age, sex and environment.
(7) Practitioners must be aware of the potential for interactions between (and confounding by) commercially used feed components.
(8) A weakness was in not including confounding factors such as social class and the lack of detailed questions on topics.
(9) In practice, confounding by factors related to exposure opportunity is common.
(10) By using a national sample we ensured that the influence of regional variations in the configuration of long-term care services would not confound estimates of the relative effect of client-related factors.
(11) The independent effects of separation and display size, which were confounded in the Sagi and Julesz experiments, were examined.
(12) In particular, it is shown that adjustment for a misclassified confounding variable can be greatly improved by using the methods presented.
(13) Possible confounding effects of missing data, institutionalization prior to adoption, information given to adoptive parents by the adoption agencies about the child's biological background, historical period, perinatal factors, and selective placement were considered.
(14) I argue that (a) the procedures they used to study confounding were suboptimal because multiple measures of depression and catastrophizing were not employed and (b) the distinctiveness of constructs might better be regarded as a continuous rather than all-or-none (having adequate discriminant validity versus being confounded) concept.
(15) The observed relation between physical activity and colon cancer was not confounded by dietary intake of calories, fat, or protein, nor was the diet and colon cancer relation confounded by physical activity (odds ratios for calories, protein, and fat in males were 2.40, 2.57, and 2.18, respectively).
(16) It is this "multiple system failure" that compounds the effects of large scale events and confounds emergency response.
(17) To control for possible confounding variables, the authors repeated the analyses after stratifying by demographic and diagnostic variables that were distributed differently among men and women.
(18) Some recent reports implicate marijuana smoking as a cause of cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract, though most of the subjects were exposed to other, possibly confounding, etiologic factors, namely tobacco and alcohol.
(19) With the use of the logistic regression method, an adjusted OR was obtained after controlling various confounders.
(20) The purpose of this study was to examine the association between maternal caffeine consumption and low birthweight, intrauterine growth retardation, and prematurity, adjusting for multiple confounders.
Unconfounded
Definition:
(a.) Not confounded.
Example Sentences:
(1) However, utilization of stepwise regression analysis to unconfound the two dependent variables suggest that the use of blood containing anti-HBs increases the hepatitis risk (p = 0.06) although the number of units transfused was the more significant factor (p less than 0.001).
(2) Similarity effects in the related condition were unconfounded with matches nameable and nonnameable forms.
(3) In order to avoid selective biases and to minimize random errors, inference about the effects of treatment on serious endpoints needs to be based not on one, or a few, of the available trial results, but on a systematic overview of the totality of the evidence from all the relevant unconfounded randomized trials.
(4) Age differences in short-term retroactive interference, unconfounded with age differences in rehearsal in the retention interval of the Brown-Peterson Task, were not found in a cross-sectional study of adults 18-32 and 64-78 years of age.
(5) Subgroup analyses within the meta-analysis process allow some recovery of such features; ii) The absolute benefit obtained from an effective treatment depends not only on the relative benefit of the treatment but also on the prognosis of the individual patients; iii) The results are more immediately applicable if less reliance is placed on the arithmetic construct inherent in the overview, using instead unconfounded information about the value of treatments actually administered.
(6) Thus, metabolic inhibition permits demonstration of ACTH receptor binding only, unconfounded by sequestration or internalization of ligand:receptor complexes.
(7) In order to unconfound genetic and environmental influences, the 844 parents and adolescent children in 114 biologically related and 101 adoptive families completed the Strong-Campbell Interest Inventory.
(8) The risk was consistent in all hospitals and was unconfounded by other measurable factors.
(9) Illustrative findings indicate how complex social structural influence on clinical decision making may be disentangled in an unconfounded manner.
(10) It is essential to "unconfound" or separate these two components of the response as they may respectively contribute to form and motion perception, two of the main streams of information processing in the mammalian brain.
(11) By means of the model, the true, unconfounded, efficacy of protective antibodies is shown to be 90% in both adults and children.
(12) If, however, only events judged to be unconfounded with psychological condition are considered, we find no difference between patients and nonpatients at either timepoint.
(13) The data, as collected, were inadequately cross-classified to allow for unconfounded estimation.
(14) The age-related differences found in this sample are estimates of the lower limit of population differences unconfounded by disease.
(15) There are 14 unconfounded randomised trials of antihypertensive drugs (chiefly diuretics or beta-blockers): total 37,000 individuals, mean treatment duration 5 years, mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) difference 5-6 mm Hg.
(16) Wörgötter and Eysel (1987) recently proposed the Fourier transform technique as a method of unconfounding the two components, but their analysis was incomplete.
(17) Collective evidence from all unconfounded trials indicates that most of the benefit of such intervention is achieved within relatively few years of starting the intervention.
(18) The authors postulate the general principle that a crude unconfounded measure of association is structured as a weighted average of the stratum-specific values of the measure.
(19) In such research, differences in mean scores and compliance rates must be investigated in comparable and unconfounded subject samples.
(20) Unconfounded evidence for the dependence of a vagal effect of psychological stimuli on time of stimulation within the cardiac cycle has been missing to date.