(a.) Existing at, or dating from, birth; pertaining to one from birth; born with one; connate; constitutional; natural; as, a congenital deformity. See Connate.
Example Sentences:
(1) The origin of the aorta and pulmonary artery from the right ventricle is a complicated and little studied congenital cardiac malformation.
(2) Cor triatriatum (CT) is a rare congenital defect, surgically correctable, and sometimes difficult to diagnose by cardiac catheterization.
(3) The position of the cyst supports the theory that branchial cysts are congenital in origin.
(4) In addition, congenital anemias such as sickle cell disease can impact on the health of the mother and fetus.
(5) A case of congenital subglottic fibroma is presented.
(6) Congenitally deficient plasmas were used as the substrate for the measurement of procoagulant activities in a one-stage clotting assay.
(7) Attempts to eliminate congenital dislocation of the hip by detecting it early have not been completely successful.
(8) Instead of later renal failure and, of course, mental retardation, it was the histological features of the fetus eyes which permit to diagnose and exhibit both congenital cataract and irido-corneal angle dysgenesis.
(9) In the interim, sonographic studies during pregnancy in women at risk for AIDS may be helpful in identifying fetal intrauterine growth retardation and may help raise our level of suspicion for congenital AIDS.
(10) After early repair of congenital cardiovascular defects, such as coarctation of the aorta, late stenosis may become a problem.
(11) This study examines the morphology of sporadic congenital microphthalmia in 1-day-old chicks, with particular emphasis on the neural retina.
(12) It is usually associated with a left superior caval vein draining into the coronary sinus and is frequently part of a complex congenital malformation of the heart.
(13) Aplasia of the trachea associated with multiple congenital anomalies is described in a stillborn male foetus with single umbilical artery.
(14) Neuromuscular disorders in small animals include a diverse group of congenital and acquired diseases.
(15) Urologic evaluation of all patients with congenital scoliosis is recommended; however, diagnostic ultrasonographic evaluations of the urinary tract have proven to be an acceptable alternative as an initial screening modality.
(16) These examinations are used in the evaluation of congenital heart disease for preoperative planning and postoperative evaluation.
(17) Further management of the congenital cases was based on the experience that children outgrow this disorder; periodic dilatation may augment the natural process.
(18) Congenital defect of a cervical pedicle produces a rare clinical syndrome with a characteristic X-ray picture associated with vague clinical signs often accentuated after trauma.
(19) We document four patients, including two sibs, with asphyxiating thoracic dystrophy and mild congenital hydrocephalus.
(20) A case of mixed congenital abnormalities in a fetus demonstrated ultrasonographically during the second trimester of pregnancy in an uncontrolled insulin-dependent diabetic mother is presented.
Cretinism
Definition:
(n.) A condition of endemic or inherited idiocy, accompanied by physical degeneracy and deformity (usually with goiter), frequent in certain mountain valleys, esp. of the Alps.
Example Sentences:
(1) These findings indicate that this animal model is likely to be suitable for the studies of endemic cretinism in man.
(2) The occurrence of congenital deafness, mutism and goitre unassociated with cretinism or mental retardation in euthyroid patients is known as Pendred's Syndrome.
(3) In 1888 cretinism, myxoedema and cachexia strumipriva were attributed to thyroid insufficiency.
(4) A male patient with clinical and radiographic evidence of cretinism was found to have T3 thyrotoxicosis.
(5) Differences between the two types of cretinism may be explained by continuing postnatal thyroid hormone deficiency in the myxoedematous type, which results in impaired growth, skeletal retardation and sexual immaturity.
(6) Furthermore, these data support the hypothesis that the primary pathophysiologic event in the different types of endemic cretinism is represented by maternal and fetal hypothyroidism, while differences may be explained by the extent and duration of postnatal hypothyroidism.
(7) We conclude that the presence of thyroid growth inhibiting immunoglobulin may be related to the absence of thyroid growth or even thyroid atrophy in endemic cretins.
(8) Although this classification highlights the important neurological sequelae of the disorder it implies that myxoedematous cretins have an alternative mechanism.
(9) Our findings have implications for the definition and diagnosis of endemic cretinism.
(10) To study this question we conducted a five-month follow-up of 51 patients with cretinism (age 14 and below), who were randomly assigned to treatment (0.5 ml of intramuscular iodized oil) and control groups.
(11) Nevertheless, all myxedematous cretins had some neurologic disorders (hyperreflexia, increased muscle tone, disorder of gait, Babinski sign, hypoacusia) that were similar to those present in neurologic cretins.
(12) Our data therefore suggest that the different clinical types of endemic cretinism are in fact the same disorder phenotypically modified by the length and severity of postnatal hypothyroidism.
(13) All the cretins were over 35 of age, suggesting a severe iodine deficiency in the past decades, and a progressive improvement of nutritional status resulted in "silent iodine prophylaxis."
(14) Experimental cretinism, induced by daily propylthiouracil treatment starting at birth, caused increased serotonin levels in all brain regions studied.
(15) These findings provide a pathogenic basis for the variable clinical expression of endemic cretinism.
(16) The cause or causes of endemic cretinism are less clear.
(17) Furthermore, all cretins were growth retarded when compared with peers of similar age and race.
(18) Urinary excretion of acid mucopolysaccharides and glycopeptides in the urine of an untreated patient with cretinism were measured before and after thyroid hormone replacement.
(19) Because the neurologic type of EC represents a defined section of the spectrum of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD), the term fetal iodine deficiency disorder (FIDD) rather than cretinism is suggested.
(20) A comparative study of EEG between neurological and myxedematous cretins was carried out in a total of 61 cases.