(n.) A tree or shrub bearing cones; one of the order Coniferae, which includes the pine, cypress, and (according to some) the yew.
Example Sentences:
(1) Words included in this title include mistletoe, gerbil, acorn, goldfish, guinea pig, dandelion, starling, fern, willow, conifer, heather, buttercup, sycamore, holly, ivy, and conker.
(2) In our dog days this was a favoured spot, a conifer plantation where he could do no harm, a springy floored place without seasons where a wee up a tree was all he could leave behind.
(3) Differences in the rDNA content in Picea could contribute to the variation, in overall genome size, that has been observed within conifer species.
(4) Deciduous trees and conifers react differently to increased atmospheric CO2.
(5) The pollen grains of conifers are very weak allergens; their structure and function are different from those of the remaining flowering plants.
(6) The ability to grow in liquid media with D-xylose, xylan from decidous trees, and hemicelluloses from conifers was tested in 95 strains of 35 genera of yeasts and yeast-like organisms.
(7) With regard to an early diagnosis of defects within the photosynthetic system of conifers by air pollutants, we measured the chlorophyll fluorescence from microscopic parts of individual pine and spruce needles.
(8) The presence of the gidA gene on the chloroplast genomes of conifers may therefore be of significance with respect to the ability of these plants to synthesize chlorophyll in the dark.
(9) Similarities in linkage relationships among Scots pine, other pines, and other species within the Pinaceae support karyological research that suggests extensive conservation of the conifer genome.
(10) According to Weir, five conifer species account for 88% of all England’s softwood forests and five broadleaf species make up over 72% of its hardwood woodlands.
(11) Small numbers are present in algae, ferns, conifers, sponges, echinoderms, other marine animals, and arthropods.
(12) Conifers face axe to save British woodland Read more At the far side of the wood, spindly black-tipped ash seedlings began to appear, growing at the side of the path.
(13) Only the conifers were, as a group, unlikely to harbor INA bacteria.
(14) Dispersion of repetitive DNA by transposition, coupled with loss of the large inverted repeat, appears to have predisposed conifer cpDNA to a number of inversions.
(15) The size and number of aerial spray drops impinging on spruce budworm in its conifer forest habitat were determined by means of a new tracer method that uses fluorescent particles in a liquid spray.
(16) The evergreen Churchill Arms on Kensington Church Street becomes one enormous conifer each December.
(17) But the planting of new woods on open land, and conversion of broadleaf woodlands to conifers, has been a trend in Britain since Victorian times.
(18) • Felsham Road, Bradfield St George, Bury St Edmund's goodrobert Chopwell Wood, Rowlands Gill, Tyne and Wear Chopwell Wood is a conifer and mixed broadleaf wood.
(19) Much of the landscape is to be radically altered over the next 100 years as the Forestry Commission fells tens of millions of conifer trees to stimulate the growth of ash, beech, oak, hazel, field maple and other native broadleaved species.
(20) Higson’s first task in solving MK’s landscaping problem was “practical, rather ordinary gardening things”: planting semi-mature trees and fast-growing conifers to provide quick cover.
Cycas
Definition:
(n.) A genus of trees, intermediate in character between the palms and the pines. The pith of the trunk of some species furnishes a valuable kind of sago.
Example Sentences:
(1) Addition of delta-aminolevulinate (ALA), the first committed intermediate in heme biosynthesis, was shown to inhibit cycA transcription initiation at both the upstream and downstream promoter regions.
(2) Synthesis of an immunoreactive cytochrome c2 precursor protein (Mr 15,500) was observed in vitro when plasmids containing the cycA gene were used as templates in an R. sphaeroides coupled transcription-translation system.
(3) Southern blot analysis confirmed that the wild-type cyc operon was exchanged for the inactivated cycA gene, presumably by double-reciprocal recombination.
(4) Since cyclins A and B are important cofactors of the protein kinase activity of p34cdc2 or its homologues, we analyzed expression of these genes in serum-stimulated senescent HDF and determined that they contain little or no cycA or cycB mRNA.
(5) In addition, cycA transcription in the Chr mutants continues after the addition of ALA.
(6) DNA sequence analysis of the cycA gene indicated the presence of a typical procaryotic 21-residue signal sequence, suggesting that this periplasmic protein is synthesized in vivo as a precursor.
(7) The maximum specific growth rate of the cycA mutant strain on methanol was comparable with that of the wild-type strain.
(8) The inclusion of 500 base pairs of R. sphaeroides DNA in cis to the cycA structural gene resulted in a 2.5-fold increase in alkaline phosphatase activity in photosynthetically grown cells compared with the activity in aerobically grown cells, demonstrating that the fusion protein is regulated in a manner similar to that of cytochrome c2 regulation.
(9) Repeated dietary consumption of the neurotoxic amino acid beta-N-methylamino-L-alanine (BMAA), found in the seeds of Cycas circinalis, has been postulated as causing both amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and the parkinsonism-dementia syndrome (PD) that were formerly very prevalent among the indigenous people of the Marianas Islands.
(10) To identify genetic elements responsible for negative regulation by ALA, trans-acting mutants with increased expression of cycA were isolated that were resistant to growth inhibition by the heme analog cohemin.
(11) A model is presented to explain how changes in tetrapyrrole intermediates could provide an effective signal to control both cycA transcription and ALA synthase synthesis in R. sphaeroides.
(12) Similarly, complemented CYCA1 strains contained between 1.3- and 2.3-fold more cycA mRNA under photosynthetic conditions than under chemoheterotrophic conditions and had 6- to 12-fold higher steady-state levels of cyt c2 under the same physiological conditions.
(13) Our experiments have shown that pWS2 is also able to complement a wide range of R. sphaeroides pigment and photosynthetic mutants employing nitrosoquanidine, transposon or insertion-generated mutations effecting puhA, puc, puf, cycA, bch, and crt genes.
(14) Northern blot analysis with an internal cycA-specific probe identified at least two possibly monocistronic transcripts present in both different cellular levels and relative stoichiometries in steady-state cells grown under different physiological conditions.
(15) Analysis of 30 flour samples processed from the endosperm of Cycas circinalis seeds collected on Guam indicated that more than 87% of the total BMAA content was removed during processing.
(16) The relative orientations, distance, and location of the pufBALMX, puhA, cycA, and pucBA operons have also been determined, as have been the relative orientations between prkB and hemT and between prkA and the fbc operon.
(17) In this mutation, the site of PE insertion is in the first intron of the gene (CycA) encoding cyclin A (CycA).
(18) Synthetic deoxyoligonucleotide probes, based on the known amino acid sequence of this protein (Mr 14,000), were used to identify and clone the cytochrome c2 structural gene (cycA).
(19) A portion of the R. sphaeroides cycA gene was fused to phoA, yielding a fusion protein comprising the putative signal sequence and first 10 amino acids of the cytochrome c2 apoprotein joined to the sixth amino acid of alkaline phosphatase.
(20) Rhodobacter sphaeroides cytochrome c2 (cyt c2) is a periplasmic heme protein, encoded by cycA, that is required for photosynthetic growth and for one branch of the aerobic electron transport chain.