What's the difference between conjugation and fusion?

Conjugation


Definition:

  • (n.) the act of uniting or combining; union; assemblage.
  • (n.) Two things conjoined; a pair; a couple.
  • (n.) The act of conjugating a verb or giving in order its various parts and inflections.
  • (n.) A scheme in which are arranged all the parts of a verb.
  • (n.) A class of verbs conjugated in the same manner.
  • (n.) A kind of sexual union; -- applied to a blending of the contents of two or more cells or individuals in some plants and lower animals, by which new spores or germs are developed.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Mannose receptor mediated uptake by the reticuloendothelial system has been suggested as an explanation for the rapid removal of ricin A chain antibody conjugates from the circulation after their administration.
  • (2) Analysis of conjugated discharges ACHs showed that they appeared predominantly periodically (87% of cases).
  • (3) However, when conjugated to an antigen-bearing cell, a "non-antigen bearing" cell was labeled near the cell interaction area.
  • (4) This doxorubicin derivative did not bind to Sepharose which was conjugated with cardiac actin.
  • (5) Substances with a leaving group at the C-3 position form unsaturated conjugated cyclic adducts and are mutagenic only in the His D3052 frameshift strains with an intact excision repair system (no urvA mutation).
  • (6) Foreign antigens conjugated to alpha-2-Macroglobulin (alpha-2-M) were effectively taken up by murine macrophages via alpha-2-M receptors.
  • (7) Conjugational recombination in Escherichia coli was investigated by monitoring synthesis of the lacZ+ product, beta-galactosidase, in crosses between lacZ mutants.
  • (8) Cloned genes encoding pertussis toxin from B. pertussis were transferred into Bordetella bronchiseptica and Bordetella parapertussis by conjugation.
  • (9) Rates of PC in vitro metabolism by liver and kidney cytosolic cysteine conjugate beta-lyases (beta-lyases) were similar, but metabolism by renal mitochondrial beta-lyase occurred at a 3-fold higher rate than the rate obtained with hepatic mitochondrial beta-lyase.
  • (10) Additionally, cats excreted the taurine conjugate of hydratropic acid.
  • (11) This paper examines the chiral nature of the covalent conjugates formed upon reaction of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) with enantiomeric cycloheptyl, isopropyl, and 3,3-dimethylbutyl methylphosphonyl thiocholines.
  • (12) We evaluated the safety and efficacy of a conjugate vaccine that links the H. influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide to the outer-membrane protein complex (OMPC) of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B.
  • (13) This fact suggested that TCTFP may be metabolized intensively by glutathione (GSH) conjugation and therefore, like hexachlorobutadiene, would be expected to be nephrotoxic.
  • (14) Bile flow was stimulated significantly by VPA and MCCA, but not by CCA; changes in bile flow correlated with the biliary excretion rate of base-labile conjugates rather than with excretion of the parent compounds themselves.
  • (15) In addition, a beta-linked sialic acid:nucleoside conjugate (Kl-8111) and an equimolar mixture of Kl-8110 and Kl-8111 (Kl-414) also inhibited the metastatic ability of NL cells to the same extent as Kl-8110 did.
  • (16) The F'lac+ episome of Escherichia coli origin was transferred by conjugation with frequencies of 10(-7) to 10(-5) from Erwinia amylovora to 14 out of 15 Salmonella typhimurium trp female parents.
  • (17) The transference by conjugation of protease genetic information between Proteus mirabilis strains only occurs upon mobilization by a conjugative plasmid such as RP4 (Inc P group).
  • (18) A new type of artificial blood, pyridoxylated hemoglobin-polyoxyethylene conjugate (PHP) solution, (developed by PHP research group of the department of health and welfare of Japan, and produced by Ajinomoto Co., Inc. Tokyo) as an oxygen-carrying component, has been recently devised using hemoglobin obtained from hemolyzed human erythrocytes.
  • (19) Injection of albumin-colloidal gold conjugates resulted in an insignificant uptake.
  • (20) The conjugate was formed between the ortho carbon of the amino group of p-aminophenol and the SH group of GSH.

Fusion


Definition:

  • (v. t.) The act or operation of melting or rendering fluid by heat; the act of melting together; as, the fusion of metals.
  • (v. t.) The state of being melted or dissolved by heat; a state of fluidity or flowing in consequence of heat; as, metals in fusion.
  • (v. t.) The union or blending together of things, as, melted together.
  • (v. t.) The union, or binding together, of adjacent parts or tissues.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) To identify the NHE-1 protein and to establish its cellular and subcellular localization in the rabbit kidney, we prepared antibodies to a NHE-1 fusion protein.
  • (2) Three criteria of fusion ventricular complexes were found to be undiagnostic for right and left ventricular complexes in SVE.
  • (3) Furthermore, these data support our previous suggestion that the expression of human lymphoid differentiation antigens in human-mouse lymphoid hybrids is influenced by the differentiation stage of the fusion partners.
  • (4) Several technical advantages of this method of fusion make this approach particularly useful in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
  • (5) These differences point to the fact that the mechanisms that regulate satellite cell mitotic and fusion behavior are also not the same in all muscles.
  • (6) Expansion of the cell sheet following attachment, and the fusion of epiblasts advancing toward each other, does not require the presence of mineralocorticoid.
  • (7) The ophthalmic headache's crisis is caused, in fact, by a spasm of convergence on an unknown exophory of which the amplitude of fusion is satisfying, and the presence of which can only be seen with test under screen.
  • (8) In the companion paper, we quantitatively account for the observation that the ability of a solute to promote fusion depends on its permeability properties and the method of swelling.
  • (9) Opsin becomes incorporated into the disk membrane by a process of membrane expansion and fusion to form the flattened disks of the outer segment.
  • (10) One mutant, BS260, was completely noninvasive on HeLa cells and mapped to a region on the 220-kb virulence plasmid in which we had previously localized several avirulent temperature-regulated operon fusions (A.E.
  • (11) Using a soluble ICAM-2 Ig fusion protein (receptor globulin, Rg) we demonstrate the costimulatory effect of ICAM-2 during the activation of CD4+ T cells.
  • (12) With thermosensitive mutants non-defective for G and M antigens, cell fusion is much more extensive at the non-permissive temperature (39-6 degrees C) than at the permissive one (31 degrees C).
  • (13) This suggests that the fusion protein traps the SII in nonstimulatory interactions and that antibody 2-7B inhibits SII binding to RNA polymerase II.
  • (14) Ca2+ has a central role in various cellular phenomena involving membrane fusion.
  • (15) Polypeptides of egg-borne Sendai virus (egg Sendai), which is biologically active on the basis of criteria of the infectivity for L cells and of hemolytic and cell fusion activities, were compared by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis with those of L cell-borne (L Sendai) and HeLa cell-borne Sendai (HeLa Sendai) viruses, which are judged biologically inactive by the above criteria.
  • (16) Pulse-chase experiments showed that the ornithine transcarbamylase precursor and the thiolase traveled from the cytosol to the mitochondria with half-lives of less than 5 min, whereas the three fusion proteins traveled with half-lives of 10-15 min.
  • (17) The results of this study suggest that the effects of benzylated CD4(81-92) derivatives on HIV-1 binding or fusion should not be used to reach conclusions about the function of the corresponding CD4 region.
  • (18) Construction of a repR-lacZ fusion proved that the increase in copy number was due to a proportional increase in the amount of RepR protein.
  • (19) The best understood fusion mechanism is that of influenza virus, for which sequences involved in pH-dependent fusion can be correlated with the crystallographic structure of the spike protein.
  • (20) The fusion protein is incorporated into the virion, which retains infectivity and displays the foreign amino acids in immunologically accessible form.