What's the difference between conjugation and zygosis?

Conjugation


Definition:

  • (n.) the act of uniting or combining; union; assemblage.
  • (n.) Two things conjoined; a pair; a couple.
  • (n.) The act of conjugating a verb or giving in order its various parts and inflections.
  • (n.) A scheme in which are arranged all the parts of a verb.
  • (n.) A class of verbs conjugated in the same manner.
  • (n.) A kind of sexual union; -- applied to a blending of the contents of two or more cells or individuals in some plants and lower animals, by which new spores or germs are developed.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Mannose receptor mediated uptake by the reticuloendothelial system has been suggested as an explanation for the rapid removal of ricin A chain antibody conjugates from the circulation after their administration.
  • (2) Analysis of conjugated discharges ACHs showed that they appeared predominantly periodically (87% of cases).
  • (3) However, when conjugated to an antigen-bearing cell, a "non-antigen bearing" cell was labeled near the cell interaction area.
  • (4) This doxorubicin derivative did not bind to Sepharose which was conjugated with cardiac actin.
  • (5) Substances with a leaving group at the C-3 position form unsaturated conjugated cyclic adducts and are mutagenic only in the His D3052 frameshift strains with an intact excision repair system (no urvA mutation).
  • (6) Foreign antigens conjugated to alpha-2-Macroglobulin (alpha-2-M) were effectively taken up by murine macrophages via alpha-2-M receptors.
  • (7) Conjugational recombination in Escherichia coli was investigated by monitoring synthesis of the lacZ+ product, beta-galactosidase, in crosses between lacZ mutants.
  • (8) Cloned genes encoding pertussis toxin from B. pertussis were transferred into Bordetella bronchiseptica and Bordetella parapertussis by conjugation.
  • (9) Rates of PC in vitro metabolism by liver and kidney cytosolic cysteine conjugate beta-lyases (beta-lyases) were similar, but metabolism by renal mitochondrial beta-lyase occurred at a 3-fold higher rate than the rate obtained with hepatic mitochondrial beta-lyase.
  • (10) Additionally, cats excreted the taurine conjugate of hydratropic acid.
  • (11) This paper examines the chiral nature of the covalent conjugates formed upon reaction of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) with enantiomeric cycloheptyl, isopropyl, and 3,3-dimethylbutyl methylphosphonyl thiocholines.
  • (12) We evaluated the safety and efficacy of a conjugate vaccine that links the H. influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide to the outer-membrane protein complex (OMPC) of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B.
  • (13) This fact suggested that TCTFP may be metabolized intensively by glutathione (GSH) conjugation and therefore, like hexachlorobutadiene, would be expected to be nephrotoxic.
  • (14) Bile flow was stimulated significantly by VPA and MCCA, but not by CCA; changes in bile flow correlated with the biliary excretion rate of base-labile conjugates rather than with excretion of the parent compounds themselves.
  • (15) In addition, a beta-linked sialic acid:nucleoside conjugate (Kl-8111) and an equimolar mixture of Kl-8110 and Kl-8111 (Kl-414) also inhibited the metastatic ability of NL cells to the same extent as Kl-8110 did.
  • (16) The F'lac+ episome of Escherichia coli origin was transferred by conjugation with frequencies of 10(-7) to 10(-5) from Erwinia amylovora to 14 out of 15 Salmonella typhimurium trp female parents.
  • (17) The transference by conjugation of protease genetic information between Proteus mirabilis strains only occurs upon mobilization by a conjugative plasmid such as RP4 (Inc P group).
  • (18) A new type of artificial blood, pyridoxylated hemoglobin-polyoxyethylene conjugate (PHP) solution, (developed by PHP research group of the department of health and welfare of Japan, and produced by Ajinomoto Co., Inc. Tokyo) as an oxygen-carrying component, has been recently devised using hemoglobin obtained from hemolyzed human erythrocytes.
  • (19) Injection of albumin-colloidal gold conjugates resulted in an insignificant uptake.
  • (20) The conjugate was formed between the ortho carbon of the amino group of p-aminophenol and the SH group of GSH.

Zygosis


Definition:

  • (n.) Same as Conjugation.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The results are discussed in terms of possible conjugation-associated changes that, at high Hfr to F(-) ratios, lead to lethal zygosis.
  • (2) Temporary sensitivity to lethal zygosis in these and in standard F(+) strains can be induced by the formation of F(-) phenocopies.
  • (3) The existence of SVP1 and at least two other fertility plasmids, SVP2 and SVP3, was detected in S. venezuelae by 'lethal zygosis' elicited by a plasmid-plus mycelium in contact with a plasmid-minus mycelium.
  • (4) A lethal zygosis-sensitive mutant of Streptomyces erythreus, ER720, was isolated.
  • (5) However, analysis of a series of strains with deletions in the F factor, extending from the right into the tra region, suggests that a gene for immunity to lethal zygosis is located within the tra region.
  • (6) We have suggested that there is an immunity to lethal zygosis (Ilz(+)) associated with the F factor and discuss the results in terms of this hypothesis.
  • (7) The relationship between lethal zygosis and the various stages of conjugation is discussed.
  • (8) The decrease of recombinants was accompanied by a less marked decrease of viability in the recipient population in a manner resembling lethal zygosis.
  • (9) Whereas most Hfr strains capable of producing normal yields of recombinants showed killing activity, no F(+) and only one F' donor produced lethal zygosis.
  • (10) A Rec+ recipient shows no lethal zygosis in these experiments performed without aeration.
  • (11) This phenomenon of lethal zygosis is associated with conjugation and is observed as a continuous fall in F(-) viable cells during liquid mating, or as inhibition of F(-) growth on solid media.
  • (12) Tracking of mitochondria of different genotypes was made possible by positive identification of each mitochondrial population before zygosis, and by the low degree of mixing (less than 10%) of mitochondrial populations before first bud septation.
  • (13) The clones isolated demonstrate one or more of the following F-specified functions: inhibition of female-specific phage (T7) multiplication, formation of F pili, surface exclusion, or immunity to lethal zygosis.
  • (14) The absence of lethal zygosis with filtrates and supernatant fluids from donors suggests a dependence on direct cell-cell contact as found in conjugation.
  • (15) Hfr, F+, and F-prime cells are, unlike F- cells, insensitive to an excess of Hfr donor cells, indicating that there is an F factor mediated immunity to lethal zygosis (I1z).
  • (16) pMEA100 was found to be self-transmissible, eliciting the lethal zygosis phenotype, and is possibly involved in fertility in N. mediterranei.
  • (17) Evidence is presented showing that lethal zygosis was accompanied by changes in the physiology of the recipient cells, including (i) inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis, (ii) inhibition of beta-galactosidase induction, (iii) altered transport and accumulation of galactosides, and (iv) leakage of beta-galactosidase into the supernatant fluid.
  • (18) One class of survivors, which arose in the zones of inhibition on solid media, was no longer sensitive to lethal zygosis and exhibited the following properties: sensitivity to male-specific phage, donor ability, and surface exclusion.
  • (19) We have described and discussed the parameters affecting this phenomenon of lethal zygosis, and these include the cultural conditions of both donor and recipient cells prior to mixing and the use of aeration throughout the period of the experiment.
  • (20) pLG5 (5.5 kb) and pLG10 (6.5 kb) both carry the thiostrepton resistance (TsrR) and lethal zygosis (Ltz+) markers and have single cloning sites within a non-essential region and the tsr gene.

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