(n.) Union or connection; the state of touching or contact.
(n.) The quality or state of being contingent or casual; the possibility of coming to pass.
(n.) An event which may or may not occur; that which is possible or probable; a fortuitous event; a chance.
(n.) An adjunct or accessory.
(n.) A certain possible event that may or may not happen, by which, when happening, some particular title may be affected.
Example Sentences:
(1) The interresponse-time reinforcement contingencies inherent in these schedules may actually mask the effects of overall reinforcement rate; thus differences in response rate as a function of reinforcement rate when interresponse-time reinforcement is eliminated may be underestimated.
(2) The effects of learning history were evident on sessions 4 and 5 when the same consequence was contingent upon the performance of all groups.
(3) However, during massed testing, all subjects trained with response contingent CS termination showed an overall extinction influence, which was most pronounced in the medial subgroup, although the laterals showed frequency control as well.
(4) Aggressive responding was maintained by contingent presentation of periods free of point subtractions, i.e., provocations.
(5) The aim in postoperative pain therapy is a time-contingent dosing after careful intravenous titration of the compound in the lower dose range during continuous supervision.
(6) The results indicate that behavior in transition states maintained by reinforcement contingencies in the radial maze is similar to that maintained by extended chained schedules, despite the fact that some of the stimuli controlling behavior in the maze are absent at the moment behavior is emitted.
(7) He said there were a sufficient number of shifts at Heathrow to maintain "a full immigration desk policy" and insisted the contingency planning for security at the Games, which had seen more than 18,000 military personnel called in, meant the government had enough troops in place or in reserve to make up for the G4S staffing fiasco.
(8) The bill is due to become law in the summer and is already forcing the party to make contingency plans including the possible sale of property.
(9) The level of disruption to services will vary widely and depend on the number of staff joining the strike, the mitigating impact of the NHS’s contingency planning and how many patients need acute care, such as A&E care or surgery.
(10) For each subject, reinforcers (money) were contingent upon responses on each of two panels: (1) a matching panel for working matching-to-sample problems, and (2) a sample panel for producing the sample stimulus.
(11) These interventions are effective, however, only as long as the contingencies are in effect.
(12) In contrast, rudiments of internal organs provided their own contingent of endothelial precursors, a process termed vasculogenesis.
(13) In this experiment, reward and punishment contingencies were directly manipulated to produce approach and withdrawal emotional states.
(14) Development of an aorta and pulmonary trunk with tricuspid semilunar valves appears to be contingent on the appearance of separate entwined ventricular ejection streams.
(15) In the present study, subjects with traumatic brain injury (TBI) were given four behavioural measures of executive function, two measures of posterior nonexecutive function, and a Contingent Negative Variation (CNV) task, a proposed electrophysiological index of frontal-lobe functioning.
(16) Using contingency table analysis, we found the following were significantly related to clinical hydrocephalus: increasing age; preexisting hypertension; admission blood pressure measurements; postoperative hypertension; admission CT findings of intraventricular hemorrhage, a diffuse collection of subarachnoid blood, and a thick focal collection of subarachnoid blood; posterior circulation site of aneurysm; focal ischemic deficits; use of antifibrinolytic drugs preoperatively; hyponatremia; admission level of consciousness; and a low score on the Glasgow outcome scale.
(17) Rats were trained to perform shuttle responses to a buzzer in four different situations: pseudoconditioning or D test (buzzers and footshocks presented at random), classical conditioning or DP test (buzzers and footshocks paired on every trial), avoidance without stimulus pairing or DC test (buzzer-shock intervals varied at random, shocks contingent upon non-emission of a shuttle response to the preceding buzzer), and standard two-way avoidance or DPC test (buzzers paired to shocks, but the latter omitted every time there was shuttling to the buzzer).
(18) The results support the assumption of the distraction arousal model used as an interpretation of these effects on contingent negative variation and suggest that high CO absorbing smokers possibly depend more on neuropharmacological effects of smoking than smokers with a low amount of CO absorption.
(19) Single-case methodology was used to evaluate the effectiveness of contingent reinforcement in promoting head posture in an adult brain-injured male.
(20) Experiment II indicated that a severely retarded male would also work at a high work rate under a self-determined reinforcement contingency.
Exigency
Definition:
(n.) The state of being exigent; urgent or exacting want; pressing necessity or distress; need; a case demanding immediate action, supply, or remedy; as, an unforeseen exigency.
Example Sentences:
(1) It was the exigencies of World War II that brought about the 1st, largescale systematic promotion of condoms to prevent venereal disease.
(2) Therein lies the mission--and the obligation--of the Catholic hospital, which must continue into the future whatever new forms of organization exigencies may dictate.
(3) By similar methods rational, exigent therapeutic measures are selected (Table 5).
(4) The method was tested against the reference method using suspensions of C. Oedematiens (species demanding strictly anaerobiosis conditions), C. histolyticum (somewhat less exigent) and C. perfringens spores (mean esigence), seeding on the surface of dishes with Willis-Hobbs medium.
(5) At least some of the features of the principal and accessory submandibular glands of the vampire bat may be structural adaptations to the exigencies posed by the exclusively sanguivorous diet of these animals and its attendant extremely high intake of sodium chloride.
(6) Given the exigencies of the politics surrounding the Middle East peace process, only a fool would predict an outcome, not least with some diplomats in Washington assessing only a 10% chance of agreement on a framework document even by the April deadline.
(7) As long as government is allowed to collect all internet data, the perceived exigency will drive honest civil servants to reach more broadly and deeply into our networked lives.
(8) In addition to indicating that negative life situation exigencies, such as poor health and low income are related to lower well-being, the results tentatively indicate that these exigencies create a greater vulnerability to the impact of other negative conditions.
(9) Homosexual behavior among heterosexual women is discussed in terms of responses to different kinds of situational exigencies and the rationalizations used to deal with the experience while insulating the heterosexual self-identification.
(10) The exigencies of a disease-oriented strategy which requires a blend of therapeutic modalities many times require a modification of what would be an ideal modality-oriented strategy geared solely to effectively testing a new agent.
(11) The increasing frequency of chronic cholecystitis makes necessary a more minute diagnosis and exigent surgical indication, pledges for long-term favourable results.
(12) In contemporary psychiatry, neurobiological emphases and the exigencies of positivistic research have tended to standardize the picture of schizophrenia.
(13) Chris Mullin's most exigent friends would have relished its black comedy at a memorial service and then fallen, thanks to the Man Booker, upon an extraordinary saga that has yet to be promoted by Richard and Judy, the Grazia book club and Channel 4's TV Book Club .
(14) Long-run considerations, not short-run financial exigencies, should determine which activities occur in the private sector.
(15) New exigencies require new policies, and it's time to break with the past.
(16) Vertebrate egg envelopes, then, are basically similar; the modifications, including the addition of shell membranes and shells in some groups, reflect adaptations to differing reproductive strategies and to the environmental exigencies with which the egg must cope.
(17) There are five universal exigencies of being human, against which a person's existence can be evaluated: pairbondage, troopbondage, abidance, ycleptance, and foredoomance.
(18) Although the exigency level was not detailed, around 42% of the clinical trials sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry are performed according to GCP.
(19) He explains these deficiencies in terms of the exigencies of interdisciplinary work and the affinity of much early bioethics with policy- or legislatively-oriented "public ethics".
(20) To meet the exigencies of coping with the onset of schizophrenia in the family, caregivers sought out an array of professional and nonprofessional supports.