(n.) A state of permanent rigidity or contraction of the muscles, generally of the flexor muscles.
Example Sentences:
(1) The repriming of K-contractures was more affected by changes in [Ca]0 in normal soleus than in normal extensor digitorum longus and this difference was unaffected by dystrophy.
(2) The prognosis was adversely affected by obesity, preoperative flexion contracture of 30 degrees or more, wound-healing problems, wound infection, and postoperative manipulation under general anesthesia.
(3) Five cases of bilateral abduction contracture of the shoulder in adults including the first case of bilateral abduction contractures of shoulder and hip plus bilateral flexion contracture of elbow and extension contracture of a knee are reported.
(4) However, it had no significant effect on grip strength, digital contractures, respiratory function or visceral involvement.
(5) Of four normal tissues assessed, two (hair follicles and tissues responsible for development of leg contractures) showed no change in radioresponse after treatment with indomethacin, one (hematopoietic tissue) exhibited radioprotection, and one (jejunum) exhibited slight radiosensitization (enhancement factor, 1.12).
(6) The amplitude was 15-70% as large as the tonic component of the K-contracture induced by 40 mM K. Theophylline (10 mM), 0.1 mM papaverine and 1 microM isoprenaline nearly abolished, and 1 mM cAMP partly depressed the tonic contraction of K-contracture, whereas the tonic contraction induced by the test solution was unaffected.
(7) The calcium channel blocker (cadmium and nifedipine) greatly blocked the effects of adrenaline on the peak and total tension of K+ contractures.
(8) Preincubation of normal rat soleus muscles in vitro with homogenates prepared from mixed leg muscles which had been denervated 4 days previously resulted in an increase in the contracture response to acetylcholine.
(9) This may partly be explained by a slight increase of flexion contractures of the hips during treatment.
(10) Under potassium contracture the length of the thick filaments of both fibre types was shortened by 25-30% of the rest-length, the diameter of the slow fibres increased to 180-185 A, the diameter of the intermediate fibres to 200-220 A.
(11) Previously unidentified forms of suxamethonium-induced contractures have been investigated in chronically denervated rat extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscle at 20 degrees C. Contractures were assigned to groups 1-6 on the basis of the peak tension (Tp1) during 0-10 min exposure to the drug (3.0 x 10(-5) M), (7.0 x 10(-6) M), and (3.5 x 10(-6) M) and the subsequent retention, increase, or decrease in tension (Tp2), during the further 10 min.
(12) Both indomethacin and mefenamic acid prevented expression of the withdrawal contracture on naloxone challenge.
(13) If left untreated, compartment syndrome can lead to the loss of neuromuscular function, contractures, myoglobinuric renal failure, and amputation.
(14) Shocks of these intensities also produced a transient postshock contracture.
(15) The combination of congenital hypotonia, contractures, 'dystrophic' muscle biopsy changes and diffuse subcortical hypodensity on computed-tomographic scans seems unique and specific for CMD and of differential diagnostic significance.
(16) Bleeding into the anterior muscles and into the volar aspect of the wrist, on the other hand, was complicated by contracture, neuropathy, or both in six cases.
(17) A report is given on a small-for-date male infant showing the following symptoms: bilateral aplasia of humerus, radius, and ulna, shortened femora, bilateral cleft lip and cleft palate, stigmata of dysmorphism, and notably; simple helix formation of the ear, simian crease, clinodactylia, bilateral clubfoot deformity, hypospadia, thrombocytopenia, micrognathia, and contractures in the knee joints.
(18) Ouabain produced only contracture without positive inotropy.
(19) Fetal malformations in this group were limited from modest to moderate contractures of the front limbs, which resolved by 8-10 weeks post partum.
(20) In vitro contracture tests used currently for malignant hyperthermia (MH) do not possess absolute specificity.
Deformity
Definition:
(a.) The state of being deformed; want of proper form or symmetry; any unnatural form or shape; distortion; irregularity of shape or features; ugliness.
(a.) Anything that destroys beauty, grace, or propriety; irregularity; absurdity; gross deviation from order or the established laws of propriety; as, deformity in an edifice; deformity of character.
Example Sentences:
(1) Gross deformity, point tenderness and decrease in supination and pronation movements of the forearm were the best predictors of bony injury.
(2) Rigidly fixing the pubic symphysis stiffened the model and resulted in principal stress patterns that did not reflect trabecular density or orientations as well as those of the deformable pubic symphysis model.
(3) Cloacal exstrophy, centered on the maldevelopment of the primitive streak mesoderm and cloacal membrane, results in bladder and intestinal exstrophy, omphalocele, gender confusion, and hindgut deformity.
(4) In a family with hereditary elliptocytosis and an abnormality in spectrin self-association, the membranes had decreased deformability and stability.
(5) The most important causal factor, well illustrated by pressure studies, was the presence of a dynamic or static deformity leading to local areas of peak pressure on insensitive skin.
(6) Predominantly observed defects included neural crest cells in ectopic locations, both within and external to the neural tube, and mildly deformed neural tubes containing some dissociating cells.
(7) Emergency CT showed evidence of pericardial effusion suggesting hemopericardium, enlargement of the ascending aorta and a peripheral semilunar filling defect which caused a slight deformation of the true channel.
(8) Changes in the determinants of blood viscosity (packed cell volume, plasma viscosity, red cell aggregation, and red cell deformability) were studied on day 1 and day 5.
(9) A model for left ventricular diastolic mechanics is formulated that takes into account noneligible wall thickness, incompressibility, finite deformation, nonlinear elastic effects, and the known fiber architecture of the ventricular wall.
(10) As a consequence of deformation from spherical-to-cylindrical shape in the microvasculature, demands for increased surface membrane area leads to increases in surface membrane tension above critical levels for rupture, and the cancer cells are rapidly and lethally damaged.
(11) Within the restriction provided by surface area and volume, the intrinsic properties of the membrane and cytoplasm determine the deformability characteristics of the red cell.
(12) In 12 patients with lower macrognathia we have applied a technique allowing to prevent the postsurgical recidives of the jaw deformation.
(13) Filtration of red blood cells through agarose gels (Sephadex, Sepharose, and Superose) was used to assess red cell deformability and simultaneously obtain fractions of red cells with different properties.
(14) Such deformities may be the only future indication for the use of this operation as these knees do not do well when treated by tibial osteotomy.
(15) Richard now is presented, albeit somewhat inconsistently, as evil in response to social ostracism because of his ugly deformities.
(16) Calcium-dependent ATPase, adenylate cyclase and phosphorylation of erythrocyte membrane proteins have been found abnormal in various conditions: hereditary spherocytosis, sickle-cell anemia, progressive muscular dystrophies, all of these disorders being associated with a decreased deformability of the erythrocyte.
(17) Thus many athletes sustain dental-related injuries resulting in deformity and discomfort which may persist throughout their lives.
(18) Type II had the anastomosis too high on the gastric pouch, type III was due to an obstructing marginal ulcer, and type IV had a pouchlike deformity develop in the upper jejunum at the anastomosis that gradually compressed the outflow tract.
(19) This procedure was done in 4 patients and corrected the deformity efficiently, allowing for satisfactory sexual function.
(20) Angiography was performed on 74 hands of 70 patients in this series, and attempts were made to correlate these with the types of the deformities.