(v. t.) To make matter of controversy; to dispute or oppose by reasoning; to contend against in words or writings; to contest; to debate.
Example Sentences:
(1) The findings of this study do not necessarily controvert the microbial origin of some components of the biofilm, or the possible role of biofilm in some cases of persisting peritoneal infection.
(2) Their circulating precursors, the mechanism of their migration into the epidermis and their relationship with other dendritic cells, such as the interdigitating follicular cells, are controverted.
(3) Although antidepressive treatments have been used for about thirty years, the question of their duration remains controverted.
(4) Both of these factors would seem to indicate a degree of variability that controverts the predictability of the adjustment procedure.
(5) The finding of 3 identical cases in a French family of 9 persons led to the diagnosis of Gordon's syndrome, a rare hereditary metabolic disorder with a controverted physiopathology.
(6) Hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy, the pathogenesis of which is controverted, exposes the patient to the risk of sudden death and often evolves towards heart failure.
(7) Induction poly-chemotherapy seems far superior over the MP combination, which was always a controverted issue.
(8) The responsibility of Plethoryl in case 2 is beyond any doubt, but the mechanism of hypervitaminosis in case 1 is controverted.
(9) The association of dermatomyositis-polymyositis and cancer has been known for many years but is still controverted.
(10) To improve the results obtained, one of the most important lines of research is chemotherapy, but its place in the management of these tumours is still controverted.
(11) In order to investigate the controverted effect of glucose on hyperammonemia the diet of eight advanced cirrhotics was supplemented hourly, between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., with 20 g of glucose orally.
(12) The pathogenic role of mycoplasms during pregnancy remains quite controverted, depending on the studies; for some it has an incidence on prematurity, delayed growth in utero and premature rupture of the membranes.
(13) These new data on the physiology of the cardiac noradrenergic system have major therapeutic consequences: in practice, the positively inotropic beta-stimulants can only be used for a short period in acute episodes of heart failure; - the use of beta-blockers in low doses is now considered in the treatment of some forms of heart failure; the mechanism of their therapeutic action remains controverted, and their long-term effectiveness in a large patient population is under study; - a new pharmacological class, beta-adrenoceptor partial agonists, seems to give satisfactory clinical and haemodynamic results in mode-rate heart failure, A wider clinical evaluation is needed to determine the therapeutic role of theses new pharmacodynamic agents.
(14) The relationship between trauma and reaction arthritis, although controverted must be interpreted in each specific cases, after chronological analysis of the events.
(15) Foetal loss seems to be caused by thrombosis of the placenta, the origin of which remains controverted.
(16) These considerations controvert the error catastrophe theory of cell senescence.
(17) The immunological work-up may also indicates an abnormal maternal tolerance of the fetus which presents currently a controverted immunological problem.
(18) The occurrence of morphea has been attributed to Borrelia, burgdorferi infection, but the relationship between localised scleroderma and borreliosis remains controverted.
(19) Moreover, the use of digitalis derivatives in CHF with sinus rhythm is controverted due to the frequent toxicity of these drugs and to their allegedly weak positive inotropic activity.
(20) For lack of a better basis, chronic bronchitis is defined in clinical terms (almost daily productive cough 3 months each year, at least on 2 consecutive years); the terms "chronic cough" and "recurrent bronchitis" are still controverted.
Refute
Definition:
(v. t.) To disprove and overthrow by argument, evidence, or countervailing proof; to prove to be false or erroneous; to confute; as, to refute arguments; to refute testimony; to refute opinions or theories; to refute a disputant.
Example Sentences:
(1) The operational meaning of all the resulting theorems is that when any of them appear to be refuted experimentally, the presence of more than one parallel transport pathway (that is, of membrane heterogeneity transverse to the direction of transport) can be inferred and analyzed.
(2) The results presented refute arguments that these enzymes proceed by a concerted mechansim and support the intermediacy of aminoacyladenylates.
(3) Theories of urea formation during allantoin degradation in Glycine max have been recently refuted.
(4) A mitochondriogenic mechanism of calcification could not be confirmed nor refuted by this study.
(5) The probability that the initial situation is correct--the proband and the cohabitant's six children are all legitimate-is "practically refuted": W = 0.03%.
(6) The IFS says similar declines emerge if you set the figure as low as 40% of median income – utterly refuting Nick Clegg's toxic line dismissing the threshold as just "poverty plus a pound" .
(7) Molly Prince, managing director of the company, refuted the Guardian story with some lustily expressed but random facts: "CPUK have not only purchased tents for everyone (some stewards wanted to use their own but it was too wet to put them up, they insisted in having a go!).
(8) The need for neighboring states to use their data to confirm or refute findings is stressed.
(9) Hume, whose grantmaking credentials include leading a £500m cancer and palliative care grant programme for the Big Lottery Fund, refutes the notion that hospices will lose out.
(10) Additional studies are highly desirable to confirm or refute these findings, which, if valid, mean increasing lung cancer hazards caused by a decrease in ventilation in future energy saving unless special measures are undertaken to reduce radon daughters in dwellings.
(11) This did not happen and, on the evidence presented in this paper, the Fry theory of the pathogenesis of the deviated nasal septum is refuted.
(12) Marshall refuted claims CSIRO was moving away from public good scientific research , labelling it disturbing and untrue.
(13) This explanation was refuted, as all thymic subpopulations were found to express CD1, albeit with differences in antigen density, whereas all extrathymic subpopulations lack CD1.
(14) Location of En at the MN locus would not, however, refute the theory that Wra and Wrb cannot function in the absence of En.
(15) The hypothesis that the function of recA gene is to convert the unidirectionally replicating machinery in the free state to the bidirectionally replicating one in the integrated state is refuted accordingly.
(16) Observation refutes Freud's often quoted statement that masturbation is further removed from the nature of women than of men.
(17) Use of such data led to a false impression of drug efficacy, an impression later refuted when proper control studies demonstrated that the range of disease was much greater than had been previously supposed.
(18) Results refute the assertion that people who stutter are more anxious or depressed than those who do not.
(19) The claim made by astrologers that people can be characterized according to their sign of the zodiac (sagitarius, taurus, cancer, scorpion) must be refuted.
(20) Predictions from the chiasma map can be confirmed or refuted only by genetic evidence for which the estimates of this paper serve as initial values to begin maximum likelihood iteration.