() A resinous substance flowing spontaneously from trees of Zanzibar, Madagascar, and South America (Trachylobium Hornemannianum, T. verrucosum, and Hymenaea Courbaril), and dug from earth where forests have stood in Africa; -- used chiefly in making varnishes.
Example Sentences:
(1) The preliminary treatment with a copal-ether varnish (Copalite) was of insignificant value.
(2) Forty molar and premolar teeth had non-retentive cavities prepared and restored with amalgam using (1) copal varnish (control), (2) a pin, (3) Amalgambond or (4) Panavia-Ex.
(3) The sealing abilities of three therapeutic varnishes were compared with that of a conventional copal varnish in vitro under Tytin silver amalgam restorations.
(4) Compared to R0, Copal overestimates SBP, but is efficient for DBP measurement.
(5) In this study an automated sphygmomanometer, the Copal UA-231, was evaluated on the basis of duplicate blood pressure measurements, one with this machine and one with a Hawksley random zero machine, taken on 1536 participants in a health survey.
(6) The addition of amine fluorides to a copal recin (Copalite) and a chlorine caoutchouc varnish (Pergut S-40) has been studied.
(7) Ten restorations were used for each of the following groups: 1) Amalgam alone; 2) Two layers of copal varnish and amalgam; 3) Vitrabond, amalgam; 4) Timeline, amalgam; 5) XR Ionomer, amalgam.
(8) In 50 teeth removed as a result of decay, cavities were prepaired on vestibular faces and were divided into 5 equal groups: Group A: with no caviti varnish; Group B: two coats of a linkin agent (Scotch Bond 3M); Group C: an amalgam liner base (Voco); Group D; two coats of copal varnish: Group E: an amalgam bond base (Carl San Remo, Germany).
(9) Class V cavities were prepared in the buccal surfaces of extracted human canine and premolar teeth and were treated in one of the following ways: no liner or varnish, a copal varnish, or an adhesive resin liner.
(10) The Copal UA-251 is a small automatic blood-pressure monitor, which relies on a piezo-electric microphone for detection of Korotkoff sounds.
(11) Group IA (n = 20) included 20 patients and compared Copal to intra-aortic measurement.
(12) Same results occur for IA-Copal values (SBP: r = 0.36, DBP: r = 0.30).
(13) A novel formulation of nicardipine (50% standard (short acting), 50% sustained release) was evaluated in mild hypertension in a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, using clinic measurements (Hawksley) augmented by home recorded blood pressures (Copal UA 251).
(14) Less microleakage was observed in resin-bonded amalgam restorations than in Copal varnish-lined or unlined restorations.
(15) The results demonstrated significant advantages of using a dentine adhesive as an interfacial sealer in order to reduce microleakage, compared to a conventional Copal varnish.
(16) Four groups were studied, including copal varnish, which was used as a control.
(17) Specimens were randomly assigned to four equal groups for liner placement: Group I--control, no liner used; Group II--copal varnish; Group III--4-META adhesive; Group IV--dentin bonding agent.
(18) Copals and damars are produced by trees belonging to the Araucariaceae, Caesalpiniaceae, Dipterocarpaceae and Burseraceae families.
(19) No significant improvement in the sealing properties of either the conventional or high-copper amalgam restorations was achieved after the 14-month period by the application of Copal varnish.
(20) The rate of marginal microleakage was not significantly affected by the application of a Copal varnish after this period.
Nopal
Definition:
(n.) A cactaceous plant (Nopalea cochinellifera), originally Mexican, on which the cochineal insect feeds, and from which it is collected. The name is sometimes given to other species of Cactaceae.
Example Sentences:
(1) Dehydrated extract of nopal (Opuntia ficus-indica Mill) did not show acute hypoglycemic effect, although could attenuate postprandial hyperglycemia.
(2) The purpose of this work is to describe effects produced by directly liquified nopal and extracts from this plant in healthy and pancreatectomized rabbits.
(3) Mangoes fall off the trees at Hotel Oasis there, and they do excellent nopales , a prickly pear salad.
(4) Acute hypoglycemic effect of nopal was observed in patients with NIDDM but not in healthy subjects, thus the mechanisms of this effect differs from current hypoglycemic agents.
(5) El Tri travelled with the ingredients for pozole , along with chilli peppers, chipotle chillies and nopales – cacti.
(6) Group one (16 patients) ingested 500 g of broiled nopal stems.
(7) Serum glucose and insulin levels were measured at 0, 60, 120 and 180 minutes after nopal ingestion.
(8) To assess if the acute hypoglycemic effect of nopal which occurs in diabetic patients also appears in healthy individuals, 500 g of nopal stems (O. streptacantha Lem.)
(9) Three tests were performed on group 3 (6 patients): one with nopal, a second with water, and a third with ingestion of 500 g broiled squash.
(10) To assess if a dehydrated extract of nopal stems retains the effect on glycemia of the entire nopal stems two experiments were performed.
(11) Nopal extract did not reduce fasting glycemia in diabetic subjects.
(12) In healthy individuals glycemia did not change with nopal, while cholesterol and triglycerides decreased (P < 0.01 vs. placebo).
(13) OGTT with previous intake of 30 nopal or placebo capsules was performed in ten healthy individuals.
(14) To investigate the increase of glycemia due to the ingestion of usual food in Mexico, portions with 50 g of carbohydrate form white corn tortilla, yellow corn tortilla, spaghetti, rice, potatoes, beans brown and black, nopal (prickle pear cactus) and peanuts, compared with white bread, were given to 21 healthy and 27 non-insulin-dependent diabetic subjects.
(15) To assess the hypoglycemic effect of the nopal Opuntia streptacantha Lemaire (O. streptacantha Lem.
(16) To find out if commercial capsules with dried nopal (prickle-pear cactus, Opuntia ficus indica may have a role in the management of diabetes mellitus, three experiments were performed: 30 capsules where given in fasting condition to 10 diabetic subjects and serum glucose was measured through out 3 hours; a control test was performed with 30 placebo capsules.
(17) In a crossover and single blinded study 14 diabetic patients withdrew the oral hypoglycemic treatment and received 10 nopal or placebo capsules t.i.d.