What's the difference between copy and forgery?

Copy


Definition:

  • (n.) An abundance or plenty of anything.
  • (n.) An imitation, transcript, or reproduction of an original work; as, a copy of a letter, an engraving, a painting, or a statue.
  • (n.) An individual book, or a single set of books containing the works of an author; as, a copy of the Bible; a copy of the works of Addison.
  • (n.) That which is to be imitated, transcribed, or reproduced; a pattern, model, or example; as, his virtues are an excellent copy for imitation.
  • (n.) Manuscript or printed matter to be set up in type; as, the printers are calling for more copy.
  • (n.) A writing paper of a particular size. Same as Bastard. See under Paper.
  • (n.) Copyhold; tenure; lease.
  • (n.) To make a copy or copies of; to write; print, engrave, or paint after an original; to duplicate; to reproduce; to transcribe; as, to copy a manuscript, inscription, design, painting, etc.; -- often with out, sometimes with off.
  • (n.) To imitate; to attempt to resemble, as in manners or course of life.
  • (v. i.) To make a copy or copies; to imitate.
  • (v. i.) To yield a duplicate or transcript; as, the letter did not copy well.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) When micF was cloned into a high-copy-number plasmid it repressed ompF gene expression, whereas when cloned into a low-copy-number plasmid it did not.
  • (2) On removal of selective pressure, the His+ phenotype was lost more readily than the Ura+ Trp+ markers, with a corresponding decrease in plasmid copy number.
  • (3) We have generated a series of mutants in the two copies of this motif present in human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
  • (4) The v-erb A oncogene of avian erythroblastosis virus is a mutated and virally transduced copy of a host cell gene encoding a thyroid hormone receptor.
  • (5) The fact that the security service was in possession of and retained the copy tape until the early summer of 1985 and did not bring it to the attention of Mr Stalker is wholly reprehensible,” he wrote.
  • (6) A method for constructing Ti plasmids bearing multiple copies of a sequence integrated in tandem is described.
  • (7) Overexpression of asparagine synthetase in beta-aspartyl hydroxamate-resistant lines without amplified copies of the gene was also correlated with DNA hypomethylation.
  • (8) This 54-bp fragment is present at about 2000-2500 copies in the bovine male genome.
  • (9) Construction of a repR-lacZ fusion proved that the increase in copy number was due to a proportional increase in the amount of RepR protein.
  • (10) The E2A mutants were propagated by growth in human cell lines which express an integrated copy of the DBP gene under the control of a dexamethasone-inducible promoter (D. F. Klessig, D. E. Brough, and V. Cleghon, Mol.
  • (11) The fusion was prepared in multicopy (pVLN102 plasmid) and low-copy-number states, the latter constructed as a lambda phage lysogen carrying a fur'-'lacZ insert.
  • (12) An expanded version of this paper, containing full experimental details of the semisynthesis and characterization of [GlyA1-3H]insulin, has been deposited as Supplementary Publication SUP 50129 (30 pages) at the British Library (Lending Division), Boston Spa, Wetherby, West Yorkshire LS23 7BQ, U.K., from whom copies can be obtained on the terms indicated in Biochem.
  • (13) All 51 undifferentiated NPCs contained significant numbers of EBV-genome copies per cell.
  • (14) By way of encouragement we've got 10 copies of Faber's smart new anniversary edition to give away.
  • (15) Programmed gene rearrangements are used in nature to to alter gene copy number (gene amplification and deletion), to create diversity by reassorting gene segments (as in the formation of mammalian immunoglobulin genes), or to control the expression of a set of genes that code for the same function (such as surface antigens).
  • (16) All three units are present in the same, probably single, copy number.
  • (17) Some derivatives of pIJ101, a 8.9 kb Streptomyces multi-copy plasmid, can co-exist with each other at similar copy numbers but others are strongly incompatible.
  • (18) Genomic southern hybridization experiments clearly indicate that the ribosomal RNA genes are unique single-copy DNA in H. cutirubrum.
  • (19) We demonstrate here that this transporter is encoded by a single family of tandemly clustered genes containing approximately 8 copies of the 3.6 kilobase repeat unit.
  • (20) There are approximately 20 copies of Tc1(Hin) amongst the Tc1's present in the Bergerac genome.

Forgery


Definition:

  • (n.) The act of forging metal into shape.
  • (n.) The act of forging, fabricating, or producing falsely; esp., the crime of fraudulently making or altering a writing or signature purporting to be made by another; the false making or material alteration of or addition to a written instrument for the purpose of deceit and fraud; as, the forgery of a bond.
  • (n.) That which is forged, fabricated, falsely devised, or counterfeited.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) If you take a forgery to a bank will they give you a real one in return?
  • (2) But it had at its disposal a hefty deterrent: forgery was a capital offence between 1697 and 1832.
  • (3) The French financial prosecutor is looking into whether “the calculations constitute forgeries made to justify, after the fact, the wages that were paid”, Le Monde reported .
  • (4) Key to the case against O’Neill is a letter, allegedly from the prime minister to senior ministers, which suggested O’Neill authorised the payments, but the prime minister dismissed it as a forgery.
  • (5) The free-market Heartland Institute has moved to contain the damage from explosive revelations about its efforts to discredit climate change and alter the teaching of science in schools, claiming on Wednesday it was the victim of theft and forgery.
  • (6) The Royal Mint says: "Under the Forgery and Counterfeiting Act 1981 it is an offence to knowingly pass on a counterfeit £1 coin."
  • (7) But the Bangkok Post's interview with an unnamed DSI agent quoted him as saying the country was also attractive because it is relatively easy to enter and leave; "you can negotiate with some law enforcement people"; and – importantly – some local officials have not tended to see the forgery of foreign (as opposed to Thai) passports as a particularly serious offence.
  • (8) Once the KGB would have spent months planting well-made forgeries.
  • (9) In contrast to the FBI's aggressive pursuit of Brown, no probe of the Team Themis project was launched – despite a call from 17 US House representatives to investigate a possible conspiracy to violate federal laws, including forgery, mail and wire fraud, and fraud and related activity in connection with computers.
  • (10) Moran faces 21 charges: 15 of false accounting, contrary to the Theft Act 1968, and six of forgery, in which it is alleged she submitted false invoices.
  • (11) "There was forgery and dishonest concealment of material facts.
  • (12) There is not the slightest bit of forgery in this case,” he said.
  • (13) The scheme – backed by Italy FA head Carlo Tavecchio, convicted five times since 1970 for forgery, tax evasion and abuse of office – aims to champion “all acts of honesty”.
  • (14) The Falkirk report arrives at eight conclusions in its executive summary, leaked to the press and widely interpreted as damning proof of forgery, bullying and "machine politics" by Unite , the union.
  • (15) Williams, a Nationals MP, expressed his support for a further inquiry, saying he had received evidence of fraud, wrongdoing and forgery.
  • (16) On Monday evening it emerged that a letter from the taskforce chief, Sam Koim, to the police commissioner, leaked to SBS News , claimed new evidence has emerged – including a forensic analysis of a letter previously dismissed as a forgery by O’Neill – strengthening the case against the prime minister.
  • (17) Iran has rejected most of the IAEA material on weaponisation as forgeries, but has admitted carrying out tests on multiple high-explosive detonations synchronised to within a microsecond.
  • (18) Also among the dead were an Isis executioner and a forgery specialist.
  • (19) A Guardian journalist in Iraqi Kurdistan was offered fake Syrian passports by two separate smuggling rings, less than a week after French authorities alleged that a terrorist used a similar forgery to enter the Greek island of Leros, before taking part in an attack on the Stade de France in Paris.
  • (20) That’s fair enough, but you might think they practice some assumption of innocence until proven guilty of passport forgery.