What's the difference between cosine and length?

Cosine


Definition:

  • (n.) The sine of the complement of an arc or angle. See Illust. of Functions.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) algebraic sum of these three cosine functions yielded a circadian waveform with peak-times occurring near 0300 and 1130 hr and a trough-time about 2200 hr.
  • (2) The EMG data were fit with a nonlinear, multiple cosine function, which allowed the identification of one, two, or sometimes three separate cosine peaks.
  • (3) The compression technique is a variation of the Consultive Committee on International Telephony and Telegraphy Joint Photograph Experts Group compression that suppresses the blocking of the discrete cosine transform except in areas of very high contrast.
  • (4) Data were fit using a two-step sine and cosine regression for each 24-h period.
  • (5) Diurnal periodicity in bradyarrhythmia (sinoatrial block, atrioventricular block) and heart rate was analyzed by the least square fit of 24-h cosines.
  • (6) In comparison with APO-UNSUS rats APO-SUS rats showed significantly more spike-wave discharges, especially during the dark period: both the mesor and the amplitude of the optimal cosine fitted to the data were significantly increased, whereas neither the acrophase nor the period length (24 h) differed.
  • (7) To implement a picture archiving and communication system, clinical evaluation of irreversible image compression with a newly developed modified two-dimensional discrete cosine transform (DCT) and bit-allocation technique was performed for chest images with computed radiography (CR).
  • (8) Histopathological changes as shown in sections stained with hematoxylin and cosin include patchy areas of colloid degeneration and thickening of the walls of some blood vessels in 10 out of 15 marasmic cases.
  • (9) The modulation depth showed a close to cosine relation with the angle between the preferred axis and the stimulus rotation axis.
  • (10) Curvature-increment thresholds were measured for contour curvatures from 0.31 to 10.65 deg-1, for grating spatial frequencies of 4.0 and 16.0 cycles per degree (cpd), and for gratings in either sine or cosine phase at the point of maximum curvature.
  • (11) The EFP nocturnal decline in LH did not conform to a cosine rhythm.
  • (12) According to acrophases of a fitted cosine curve and visual inspection on chronograms, the phases of circadian rhythms were delayed to different degrees in the evening shifts with a minimum of about 1 h for oral temperature and a maximum of about 4 h for urinary free noradrenaline.
  • (13) The acrophases (maxima of the adjusted cosine curve) occurred at 23:39, 07:59, 08:37 and 13:25 h, respectively.
  • (14) The fit of a 24-hr cosine function was able to reject the null hypothesis of amplitude = O in the majority of patients under intensive care.
  • (15) A compression technique based on the discrete cosine transform takes the viewing factors into account by compressing the changes in the local brightness levels.
  • (16) When two drifting cosine gratings are superimposed, they will, under appropriate conditions, form a coherently moving two-dimensional pattern whose resultant direction of motion may either be between (type I), or outside (type II) the directions of the two components.
  • (17) In the second experiment, DLs were obtained for linear, exponential, and raised-cosine onset envelopes at rise-time values between 10 and 40 msec.
  • (18) The new nonlinearity hypothesis cannot account for the results obtained with sine-phase test stimuli, though it gives a better account of the results with cosine-phase stimuli than does the early nonlinearity hypothesis which was tested and rejected by Nachmias and Rogowitz (1983).
  • (19) The gonadotropin secretory pattern was subjected to cosine analysis for identifying rhythmicity.
  • (20) Two-cosine functions often provided the best fit to the EMG data.

Length


Definition:

  • (a.) The longest, or longer, dimension of any object, in distinction from breadth or width; extent of anything from end to end; the longest line which can be drawn through a body, parallel to its sides; as, the length of a church, or of a ship; the length of a rope or line.
  • (a.) A portion of space or of time considered as measured by its length; -- often in the plural.
  • (a.) The quality or state of being long, in space or time; extent; duration; as, some sea birds are remarkable for the length of their wings; he was tired by the length of the sermon, and the length of his walk.
  • (a.) A single piece or subdivision of a series, or of a number of long pieces which may be connected together; as, a length of pipe; a length of fence.
  • (a.) Detail or amplification; unfolding; continuance as, to pursue a subject to a great length.
  • (a.) Distance.
  • (v. t.) To lengthen.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The cross sectional area of the aortic lumen was gradually decreased while the length of the stenotic lesion gradually increased by using strips with different width.
  • (2) A full-length cDNA encoding porcine heart aconitase was derived from lambda gt10 recombinant clones and by amplification of the 5' end of the mRNA.
  • (3) However, there was no correlation between the length of time PN was administered to onset of cholestasis and the gestational age or birth weight of the infants.
  • (4) Using the oocyte system to express size-fractionated mRNA, we have also determined that the mRNA coding for this protein is between 1.9-2.4 kilobases in length.
  • (5) Their contour lengths varied from 0.28 to 51 micron, but unlike in the case of maize, a large difference was not observed in the distribution of molecular classes greater than 1.0 micron between N and S cytoplasms of sugar beet.
  • (6) In view of reports of the reduction of telomeric repeats in human malignant tumors, we measured the lengths of telomeric repeats in 55 primary neuroblastomas.
  • (7) Overall length of stay found in this study (14.02 days) is considerably higher than Indian optimum.
  • (8) A cytogenetic and anatomopathologic study of an embryo of 24 mm crown-rump length showing pure triploidy (69,XXY) is reported.
  • (9) Both systems indicated that the Kupffer cell modified endotoxin by enriching the lipid content of the molecule and shortening the length of the O-antigen.
  • (10) The method used in connection with the well known autoplastic reimplantation not only presents an alternative to the traditional apicoectomy but also provides additional stabilization of the tooth by lengthing the root with cocotostabile and biocompatible A1203 ceramic.
  • (11) Expressed per centimeter of gut length, total DAO activity was also enhanced by +141% in segment B (P less than 0.05 vs controls) and by +87% in segment C (P less than 0.01 vs controls) of resected rats.
  • (12) Northern hybridization analysis of R. toruloides RNA with a restriction fragment encoding part of the PAL gene indicates that PAL mRNA is 2.5 kilobases in length.
  • (13) The polymerization of dATP, dCTP, and dGTP onto the defined length initiator, d(pA)10, has been carried out in four buffers.
  • (14) The scleral arc length is slightly longer than the chord length (caliper setting).
  • (15) lengths with the subjects equally divided into these four groups: distributed trials, distributed sessions; distributed trials, massed sessions; massed trials, distributed sessions; and massed trials, massed sessions.
  • (16) The lengths and heights of the scalae tympani in ten pairs of serially sectioned temporal bones were measured by an adaptation of the serial section method of cochlear reconstruction.
  • (17) The diastolic sarcomere length was not affected by the changes in thyroid state.
  • (18) All 3 drugs increased the basic cycle length of pacing at which VT was induced and the cycle time of the resulting VT.
  • (19) Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) were studied in a large Algerian family which includes 6 haemophiliacs and a previously described case of female haemophilia A.
  • (20) The mean length of the seminal vesicles was 2.98 cm.