(n.) The sine of the complement of an arc or angle. See Illust. of Functions.
Example Sentences:
(1) algebraic sum of these three cosine functions yielded a circadian waveform with peak-times occurring near 0300 and 1130 hr and a trough-time about 2200 hr.
(2) The EMG data were fit with a nonlinear, multiple cosine function, which allowed the identification of one, two, or sometimes three separate cosine peaks.
(3) The compression technique is a variation of the Consultive Committee on International Telephony and Telegraphy Joint Photograph Experts Group compression that suppresses the blocking of the discrete cosine transform except in areas of very high contrast.
(4) Data were fit using a two-step sine and cosine regression for each 24-h period.
(5) Diurnal periodicity in bradyarrhythmia (sinoatrial block, atrioventricular block) and heart rate was analyzed by the least square fit of 24-h cosines.
(6) In comparison with APO-UNSUS rats APO-SUS rats showed significantly more spike-wave discharges, especially during the dark period: both the mesor and the amplitude of the optimal cosine fitted to the data were significantly increased, whereas neither the acrophase nor the period length (24 h) differed.
(7) To implement a picture archiving and communication system, clinical evaluation of irreversible image compression with a newly developed modified two-dimensional discrete cosine transform (DCT) and bit-allocation technique was performed for chest images with computed radiography (CR).
(8) Histopathological changes as shown in sections stained with hematoxylin and cosin include patchy areas of colloid degeneration and thickening of the walls of some blood vessels in 10 out of 15 marasmic cases.
(9) The modulation depth showed a close to cosine relation with the angle between the preferred axis and the stimulus rotation axis.
(10) Curvature-increment thresholds were measured for contour curvatures from 0.31 to 10.65 deg-1, for grating spatial frequencies of 4.0 and 16.0 cycles per degree (cpd), and for gratings in either sine or cosine phase at the point of maximum curvature.
(11) The EFP nocturnal decline in LH did not conform to a cosine rhythm.
(12) According to acrophases of a fitted cosine curve and visual inspection on chronograms, the phases of circadian rhythms were delayed to different degrees in the evening shifts with a minimum of about 1 h for oral temperature and a maximum of about 4 h for urinary free noradrenaline.
(13) The acrophases (maxima of the adjusted cosine curve) occurred at 23:39, 07:59, 08:37 and 13:25 h, respectively.
(14) The fit of a 24-hr cosine function was able to reject the null hypothesis of amplitude = O in the majority of patients under intensive care.
(15) A compression technique based on the discrete cosine transform takes the viewing factors into account by compressing the changes in the local brightness levels.
(16) When two drifting cosine gratings are superimposed, they will, under appropriate conditions, form a coherently moving two-dimensional pattern whose resultant direction of motion may either be between (type I), or outside (type II) the directions of the two components.
(17) In the second experiment, DLs were obtained for linear, exponential, and raised-cosine onset envelopes at rise-time values between 10 and 40 msec.
(18) The new nonlinearity hypothesis cannot account for the results obtained with sine-phase test stimuli, though it gives a better account of the results with cosine-phase stimuli than does the early nonlinearity hypothesis which was tested and rejected by Nachmias and Rogowitz (1983).
(19) The gonadotropin secretory pattern was subjected to cosine analysis for identifying rhythmicity.
(20) Two-cosine functions often provided the best fit to the EMG data.
Tangent
Definition:
(v. t.) A tangent line curve, or surface; specifically, that portion of the straight line tangent to a curve that is between the point of tangency and a given line, the given line being, for example, the axis of abscissas, or a radius of a circle produced. See Trigonometrical function, under Function.
(a.) Touching; touching at a single point
(a.) meeting a curve or surface at a point and having at that point the same direction as the curve or surface; -- said of a straight line, curve, or surface; as, a line tangent to a curve; a curve tangent to a surface; tangent surfaces.
Example Sentences:
(1) The association constants and the binding capacities of association of small molecules with macromolecules have been determined by the tangent analysis, the graphical analysis, and the computer data analysis, by trial and convergence of the Scatchard plot.
(2) Tangent-screen studies uncovered neurasthenic spiral fields superimposed on hysterical tubular contractions of both eyes.
(3) Two principles have to be considered: 1. the image of a curved surface will only show the surface area where the rays form a tangent to the surface; 2. in tomography the blurring of the image increases with an increase of the tomographic angle and the distance of the object to the plane in focus.
(4) Tangent-screen visual fields were compared with the fields determined by a newly acquired automated perimeter in 100 eyes of consecutive patients with glaucoma or suspected glaucoma.
(5) The mathematical method was more practical and overcame the variability of the tangent method.
(6) First the angle between the line drawn along the right upper lobe artery and the tangent drawn along the point of junction of superior and lateral borders of the right pulmonary artery was determined.
(7) Extracellular recordings were made from afferents to the Purkinje cells of the flocculus of monkeys either spontaneously making saccadic eye movements (saccades) or trained to fixate a small visual target projected on a tangent screen.
(8) Twelve of 16 dissatisified bifocal contact lens wearers (75%) were successfully fit with the Tangent Streak trifocal.
(9) In his four-star review for the Guardian, Michael Billington described the production as "an exuberantly inventive evening, one existing in its own right at a tangent to the original".
(10) The tangent values were calculated from the curves that correlate well with the degrees of nuclear cataract.
(11) We propose a correction, the hyperbolic tangent, to linearize the data over all sizes, and we discuss evolutionary reasons for the relatively small brain size of the largest vertebrates.
(12) With the manual (Goldmann) perimeter and the tangent screen, special statokinetic techniques help in both assessment and enhancement of patient reliability.
(13) The approximated curve of the corneal posterior curvature and the line tangent to the anterior surface of the iris were calculated as the anterior chamber angle.
(14) This algorithm, named 'tangent exponential' was demonstrated to converge for all initial conditions when the initial substrate concentration is positive.
(15) (4) The angle of the tangent to any segment of the curve of Spee to the plane of motion determines the optimal height and angulation of the cusps of the segment.
(16) The morphology of the facial surface can be described by an angle formed between the tangent at the point of bracket placement and the long axis of the crown.
(17) Enamel had a modulus which was approximately three to five times higher, and a lower loss tangent than those of dentin.
(18) Presently, by applying the considerations of Maxwell-Boltzmann statistics, the Langevin function is shown as the appropriate and justifiable sigmoid (instead of the conventional hyperbolic tangent function) to depict the bipolar nonlinear logic-operation enunciated by the collective stochastical response of artificial neurons under activation.
(19) Patients were treated with either tangential fields alone (n = 508) or tangents with a third field to the supraclavicular (SC) or SC-axillary (AX) region (n = 1116).
(20) 4.32pm: "I love Portuguese sardines," announces Kanjorski, going off at a slightly eccentric tangent.