What's the difference between countervail and neutralize?
Countervail
Definition:
(v. t.) To act against with equal force, power, or effect; to thwart or overcome by such action; to furnish an equivalent to or for; to counterbalance; to compensate.
(n.) Power or value sufficient to obviate any effect; equal weight, strength, or value; equivalent; compensation; requital.
Example Sentences:
(1) He strongly welcomes the rise of the NGO movement, which combines with media coverage to produce the beginning of some "countervailing power" to the larger corporations and the traditional policies of first world governments.
(2) The genesis of the modern ischemic forearm exercise test (IFET) employing the measurement of lactate and ammonia as countervailing metabolites is briefly reviewed, along with the application of the lactate ammonia exercise ratio in the diagnosis of myoadenylate deaminase deficiency and disorders of glycolysis and glycogenolysis.
(3) We conclude that both renal and adrenal actions of ANF can be rendered ineffective by countervailing mechanisms, suggesting an explanation for the apparent lack of biological activity of endogenously elevated plasma NAF in some disease states.
(4) He is less of a natural autocrat than Thatcher, but he has faced less effective opposition from rival Ministers, opposition parties or countervailing bodies.
(5) The battle between countervailing factions in the Trump White House continues to ebb and flow, but the president’s reflexes in times of adversity lead him to fall back on the “America First” narrative that got him elected in the first place.
(6) A further consequence is that, in the absence of countervailing human rights protections, anti-terrorism laws have created new precedents, understandings, expectations and political conventions about the proper limits of government in Australia.
(7) Although multiple factors, including lactic acidosis, might have countervailed the effect of her hypermagnesemia on the AG, there is no actual substantiation in the literature of an association between increased serum Mg and AG lowering.
(8) Various sources of non-market (collective) failure are then identified, as countervailing argument.
(9) It also warns that tax credits – the Labour's government's method of preventing stagnating incomes – will no longer be able to act as a countervailing force owing to the need to cut the deficit.
(10) Calling for legislation that would put workers on the boards of all but the smallest companies, the pair note: "What matters most for reducing inequality is the strength of progressive politics as a countervailing voice in society.
(11) All others had to shadow, with no countervailing leverage.
(12) Over the last generation, the weakening of trade unions’ countervailing market power has seen around 5.5% of GDP being moved permanently from the workforce to shareholders.
(13) It is in fact established that the incidence of endometrial adenocarcinomas is augmented by the application of a continuous oestrogenic without countervailing progestational-stimulus.
(14) Countervailing trends in the use of convenience foods and dining out increase the difficulty for individuals to lower sodium intake.
(15) Thus, they were providing the countervailing force that is a necessary component of accountability when the persons to be served are a powerless group.
(16) A better approach to maternal-fetal conflicts emphasizes mutually held goals rather than countervailing rights and uses the doctrine of informed consent to enhance the pregnant woman's ability to make responsible choices for both herself and her fetus.
(17) One major conclusion is that while school counselors and, to a lesser extent, classroom teachers often expressed the feeling that they should be more proactive and supportive as professionals committed to the welfare of all of their students, due to countervailing expressions of high levels of personal prejudice, ignorance, and fear, the realities of their professional intervention and support were negligible.
(18) This countervailing force would disseminate objective drug information to clinicians through 2,000 therapeutic consultants, subsidize professional journals and schools, develop regional drug information centers, and conduct a variety of related functions.
(19) "If great pressure is coming from above for cuts there has to be an equal, indeed more powerful, countervailing pressure from below, from the people," said Gibbons.
(20) Second, biocultural games on average exhibit greater equilibrium strategy diversity because of the countervailing influences of cultural transmission and natural selection.
Neutralize
Definition:
(v. t.) To render neutral; to reduce to a state of neutrality.
(v. t.) To render inert or imperceptible the peculiar affinities of, as a chemical substance; to destroy the effect of; as, to neutralize an acid with a base.
(v. t.) To destroy the peculiar or opposite dispositions of; to reduce to a state of indifference inefficience; to counteract; as, to neutralize parties in government; to neutralize efforts, opposition, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) F(420) is photolabile aerobically in neutral and basic solutions, whereas the acid-stable chromophore is not photolabile under these conditions.
(2) Further analysis with two other synthetic peptides (212Cys to 222Glu and Cys X 221Ile to 236Glu) indicated that the dodecapeptide Ile-Glu-Phe-Gln-Lys-Asn-Asn-Arg-Leu-Leu-Glu mimicked either the whole or a major part of the neutralization epitope.
(3) In addition to esophageal manometry, we also performed acid-clearance studies and examined salivary output, acid-neutralizing capacity, and bicarbonate concentration.
(4) The presence of the expected C19 neutral and C18 phenolic steroids was confirmed.
(5) The free nucleoside IV was obtained by removal of blocking groups by sodium methoxide catalyzed deacylation, deionization under reducing atmosphere, and chromatography on neutral alumina.
(6) The spikes likely correspond to VP3, a hemagglutinin, while the rest of the mass density in the outer shell represents 780 molecules of VP7, a neutralization antigen.
(7) Poly (8NH2G) does not interact with poly(C) in neutral solution because of the high stability of the hemiprotonated G-G self-structure.
(8) Interaction of viable macrophages with cationic particles at 37 degrees C resulted in their "internalization" within vesicles and coated pits and a closer apposition between many segments of plasmalemma than with neutral or anionic substances.
(9) Most of the antibodies had some degree of complement-independent neutralizing capacity, but in common was a large neutralization-resistant fraction of virus (range 13 to 78%).
(10) Neutral sucrose density sedimentation patterns indicate that neutron-induced double strand-breaks sometimes occur in clusters of more than 100 in the same phage and that the effeciency with which double strand-breaks form is about 50 times that of gamma-induced double strand-breaks.
(11) None of these MAbs showed any virus-neutralizing activity in vitro; however, mice passively immunized with the purified MAbs were protected from lethal infection by the JHM strain of mouse hepatitis virus.
(12) This cell type often showed supranuclear lysozyme reactivity and apical neutral mucins, sialomucins, and sulphomucins in variable amounts.
(13) Many organisations choose not to affiliate their aid work with the UN, particularly in conflict situations, where the organisation is not always seen either as neutral or separate from the work of the UN security council.
(14) Phosphatidylcholine dispersed on Celite was rapidly solubilized by neutral bovine serum albumin solutions.
(15) Term pregnancy (TP) or nonpregnancy (NP) pooled sera were fractionated on a S-300 neutral column.
(16) The relative importance of each of these growth factors in the in vivo situation will have to be elucidated by future studies using specific receptor antagonists or neutralizing antibodies.
(17) A highly significant correlation was observed between neutralization of indirect hemolysis and neutralization of lethal activity.
(18) One p-nitrophenyl phosphate phosphatase (A) and five protein phosphatases (B, C, D, E, F) with neutral pH optimum (7.0-7.5) were partially purified from human platelets.
(19) Analysis of literature data in which both the in vivo protection test and the in vitro neutralization test results were available on the same sera showed consistency with the above conclusions for both cattle and swine sera.
(20) Ruminal digestion (% of intake) of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and hemicellulose decreased linearly (P less than .05), whereas acid detergent fiber (ADF) digestion responded in a cubic (P less than .05) fashion to increasing concentrate level; NaHCO3 improved ruminal digestion of NDF (P less than .10) and ADF (P less than .05), but not hemicellulose.