What's the difference between cranial and rostral?
Cranial
Definition:
(a.) Of or pertaining to the cranium.
Example Sentences:
(1) Cranial MRI revealed delayed myelination in the white matter but no brain malformation.
(2) For the case described by the author primary tearing of the chiasma due to sudden applanation of the skull in the frontal region with burstfractures in the anterior cranial fossa is assumed.
(3) The present study was done in order to document the ability of the eighth cranial nerve of the bullfrog (Rana catesbeiana) to regenerate, the anatomic characteristics of the regenerated fibers, and the specificity of projections from individual endorgan branches of the nerve.
(4) In this study 470 bitches were inseminated; 405 with fresh semen into the cranial vagina and 65 with frozen semen transcervically into the uterus.
(5) A traumatic factor in the aetiology of the AVM was also discussed, since the patient had had two preceding episodes of traffic accidents with cranial and lumbar injury.
(6) In this work, 139 intra-cranial aneurysms diagnosed at the Egas Moniz Hospital were studied, from 1980 to the first quarter of 1992.
(7) Axotomy should be a useful tool for determining which other neurotransmitter receptors are produced by facial motoneurons and efferent neurons in other cranial nerve nuclei.
(8) Findings on cranial ultrasonography strongly suggested the diagnosis of a localized infarct in four premature infants.
(9) Marked AChE activity has been observed in the cranial nerve nuclei.
(10) Cranial irradiation, intrathecal methotrexate, and steroids are commonly utilized in acute lymphoblastic leukemia therapy.
(11) No patient received prophylactic cranial irradiation.
(12) The incidenc- of cranial nerve paralysis in 37 percent and the incidence of intracranial extension is 14.6 percent.
(13) A prospective study of six cases fabricated from CT computer-generated models of challenging cranial defects appears to show significant improvements in plate design, resulting in better plate adaptation, stability and aesthetic contour.
(14) Simultaneously, reactivity of pial arteriole was observed and its diameter was measured through the cranial window using intravital microscope and width analyzer.
(15) The rCBF assessment appears useful to decide which patient will tolerate acute balloon occlusion of the internal carotid and to help select patients who will need an extra-cranial-intracranial (EC-IC) bypass to avoid ischemic complication.
(16) The Rami ureterodeferentiales craniales were spread out from A. testicularis or Rami epididymales.
(17) Very few receptors were located in the caudal regions of the rumen whereas the cranial sac is richly supplied with tension receptors.
(18) The altered shape of the calvarium and the marked resorption and shortening of the cranial base were considered secondary changes.
(19) This flap is formed by a triangle-shaped excision combined with cranial and caudal slitting of the periosteum.
(20) Cranial sonography was used to ascertain the types of associated cranial alterations.
Rostral
Definition:
(a.) Of or pertaining to the beak or snout of an animal, or the beak of a ship; resembling a rostrum, esp., the rostra at Rome, or their decorations.
Example Sentences:
(1) In the caudal spinal trigeminal nucleus (Vc), the collaterals of one half of the periodontium afferent fibers terminated mainly in lamina V at the rostral and middle levels of Vc.
(2) In addition, lightly immunostained cells were distinguished in the caudal portion of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus, area of tuber cinereum, retrochiasmatic area, and rostral portion of the paraventricular thalamic nucleus after colchicine treatment.
(3) Other fusiform cells of the cPVN are oriented in a rostral-caudal plane and are situated more medially in this subdivision.
(4) Nonetheless, anatomical continuity was restored at the site of injury, axons projected across this region, and rostral spinal and brainstem neurons could be retrogradely labelled following HRP injections administered caudal to the lesion.
(5) We report the case of a premature infant, small for gestational age, who experienced rostral herniation of a portion of frontal lobe through the anterior fontanel as the result of a hemorrhagic cerebellar infarction followed by a large parieto-occipital intracerebral hemorrhage.
(6) Thus, Hox-1.6 is involved in regional specification along the rostrocaudal axis, but only in its most rostral domain of expression.
(7) Injection of the tracer substance wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) directly into the basilar pontine nuclei using a ventral surgical approach resulted in the labeling of somata in many areas both rostral and caudal to the basilar pons.
(8) Injection of horseradish peroxidase into the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM) led to heavy retrograde and anterograde labeling in the region of the hypothalamus that yielded the CRDR when stimulated electrically.
(9) Electrical stimulation of the contralateral superior colliculus evoked monosynaptic field potentials which were largest in the caudal pontine reticular formation rostral to the abducens nucleus and in the rostral part of the medullary reticular formation caudal to the abducens nucleus.
(10) Labeled fibers and terminal-like structures were found 8-13 segments rostral and 1-5 segments caudal to the injected DRGs.
(11) A medium amount of degenerated terminals were observed in the nucleus pretectalis anterior (pars reticularis), the dorsal part of the periaqueductal grey at its most rostral levels, the caudolateral parts of the nucleus pretectalis posterior and the nucleus of optic tract, the H field of Forel, parts of the somatic cell columns of the oculomotor nucleus and the trochlear nucleus.
(12) The results indicate that NTS neurons containing a GRP-like peptide connect the rostral and caudal regions of the dorsal vagal complex by way of longitudinal nerve tracts descending NTS and TS.
(13) The type I neurons (27 X 43 mum) with four to seven primary dendrites were located mainly in the rostral and ventral areas of the LH.
(14) The rostral part shows only a few HRP-containing cells.
(15) The amine-induced contraction predominantly seen in the rostral arteries appears to be associated with activation of the alpha 1 adrenoceptor subtype.
(16) Respiratory modulation disappeared rostral to a section performed at the ponto-mesencephalic junction.
(17) P3.1 and P3.8 were identified only as farfield potentials in intracranial recordings from the pons and more rostral regions.
(18) The elopiform teleost Engraulis japonica was used for a light and electron microscopical study of the follicle epithelium in the rostral pars distalis of the pituitary.
(19) These responses were prominent in the rostral midbrain.
(20) To examine the effects of focally cooling three areas (rostral, intermediate, and caudal) of the ventral medullary surface (VMS) on respiratory oscillations in cervical sympathetic and phrenic nerve activity, 12 cats were anesthetized, vagotomized, paralyzed, and artificially ventilated with 7% CO2 in O2.