What's the difference between crocein and crocetin?
Crocein
Definition:
(n.) A name given to any one of several yellow or scarlet dyestuffs of artificial production and complex structure. In general they are diazo and sulphonic acid derivatives of benzene and naphthol.
Example Sentences:
(1) We describe an improved immunodiffusion stain using trichloroacetic acid to mordant dying by Crocein scarlet.
Crocetin
Definition:
(n.) A dyestuff, obtained from the Chinese crocin, which produces a brilliant yellow.
Example Sentences:
(1) A significant protective effect of crocetin on AFB1 hepatotoxicity was shown, as manifested by reduced effects on the activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (P less than 0.01-0.001).
(2) Most significant inhibition was found at the time of 9 h after crocetin pretreatment.
(3) The increased PO2 in the arterial blood seen subsequently with crocetin is attributed to increased diffusion through plasma.
(4) PO2, PCO2, pH, and hematocrit did not differ in rats that received either saline or crocetin.
(5) Crocetin as compared with saline treatment resulted in a right shift of the PtO2 frequency distribution and a significant decrease in the frequency of occurrence of low PtO2 values.
(6) Blood flow rates remained constant and were unaffected by crocetin.
(7) In the present study the effect of crocetin on tissue oxygenation was examined in the cerebral cortex of rats subjected to hemorrhage.
(8) The carotenoid compound crocetin has been shown to increase oxygen diffusivity in vitro.
(9) The effects of crocetin pretreatment on both hepatic aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-DNA binding and AFB1 hepatotoxicity in rats has been examined.
(10) Six of 12 animals then received a bolus of crocetin (2 U in 0.1 ml saline); the remaining animals received saline (0.1 ml i.v.)
(11) The inhibitory effects of 4 retinoids, namely, retinal (Ral), retinoic acid (RA), retinyl acetate (RAc), and retinyl palmitate (RP), and 3 carotenoid including beta-carotene (BCT), lycopene (LCP), and crocetin (CCT) on the growth and DNA synthesis of rat C-6 glioma cells were studied.
(12) The sulfite radical anion (SO.3-) was found to react rapidly with the flavonoid quercetin (k = 2.5 x 10(8) dm3mol-1s-1) and the carotenoids crocin (k = 1.0 x 10(9) dm3mol-1s-1) and crocetin (k = 1.5 x 10(9) dm3mol-1s-1).
(13) From these results, we suggest that the protective effect of crocetin on AFB1 hepatotoxicity in rats might be due to the hepatic tissues' defense mechanisms that elevated the cytosol GSH and the activities of GST and GSH-Px.
(14) Thirteen compounds were negative in the rat tracheal epithelial transformation inhibition assay: crocetin, difluoromethylornithine, ellagic acid, esculetin, enoxalone, ibuprofen, levamisole, nordihydroguaiaretic acid, L-2-oxothiazolidine-4-carboxylate, piroxicam, sodium butyrate, D-alpha-tocopherol acetate, and polyethylene glycol 400.
(15) Crocetin treatment also resulted in a decrease in AFB1-DNA adduct formation in vitro, while no effect of crocetin on the formation of AFB1-8,9-oxide in vitro system was detected as measured by the Trisdiol method.
(16) This suggested that the crocetin possessed chemopreventive effects on the early acute hepatic damage induced by AFB1.
(17) The results suggest that the carotenoid compound crocetin improves tissue oxygenation in the cerebral cortex of hemorrhaged rats.
(18) Crocetin is a carotenoid isolated from the seeds of Cape jasmine (Gardenia jasminoides).
(19) From our previous results and present data, we suggest that the suppression of crocetin on AFB1 hepatotoxicity in the rats might be due to the defense mechanisms of hepatic tissues that elevated the GSH S-transferase activity and decreased the formation of hepatic AFB1-DNA adducts.
(20) It has been shown that crocetin increases the diffusion speed of oxygen through plasma, and should provide a net increase in oxygen at the level of the capillary endothelial cell.