(1) In conclusion, DNA has been transferred sequentially from the chloroplast to the mitochondrion during crucifer evolution and there cpDNA sequences can persist in the mitochondrial genome over long periods of evolutionary time.
(2) Consumption of vegetables, especially crucifers, reduces the risk of developing cancer.
(3) The acid-condensed mixture of indole-3-carbinol (a component of crucifers) binds to the TCDD receptor and causes responses similar to those of TCDD.
(4) We examined the tempo and mode of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) evolution in six species of crucifers from two genera, Brassica and Raphanus.
(5) However, certain cpDNA sequences, including the central portion of the rbcL gene and the 3' end of the psaA gene, are shared by all six crucifer mtDNAs and appear to have been transferred in a common ancestor of the crucifer family over 30 million years ago.
(6) High efficiencies of transformation to hygromycin resistance were achieved employing the bacterial hygromycin B phosphotransferase gene with N. crassa, the patulin-producer Penicillium urticae, and the causal agent of blackleg disease of crucifers, Leptosphaeria maculans.
(7) The GL1 gene is required for the initiation of differentiation of hair cells (trichomes) on the crucifer, Arabidopsis thaliana.
(8) An allozyme analysis of trematode species Glypthelmins californiensis, Glypthelmins quieta, Glypthelmins pennsylvaniensis, Glypthelmins hyloreus, and Haplometrana intestinalis from hosts Rana aurora, Rana clamitans, Hyla crucifer, Pseudacris triseriata, and Rana pretiosa, using starch gel electrophoresis, revealed allozymes for glucose-phosphate isomerase, lactate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, and isocitrate dehydrogenase that were similar in electrophoretic mobility to host tissue controls.
(9) Southern blot hybridization techniques were used to examine the chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequences present in the mitochondrial DNAs (mtDNAs) of two Brassica species (B. campestris and B. hirta), two closely related species belonging to the same tribe as Brassica (Raphanus sativa, Crambe abyssinica), and two more distantly related species of crucifers (Arabidopsis thaliana, Capsella bursa-pastoris).
(10) Here we present recent progress on flower and root morphogenesis in the small crucifer Arabidopsis thaliana.
(11) A comparison of several crucifer mitochondrial DNAs indicates that this rearrangement also occurs in the normal radish cytoplasm and is, therefore, not involved in Ogura CMS.
(12) We have found that Arabidopsis thaliana is susceptible to infection with a crucifer strain of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV-Cg); the coat protein of TMV-Cg accumulated to a high level in uninoculated rosette leaves several days after inoculation.
(13) Although crucifers may provide some protection from cancer when taken prior to a carcinogen, when taken after a carcinogen they act as promoters of carcinogenesis.
(14) While the crucifer Arabidopsis thaliana does not have a self-incompatibility system, S-related sequence were detected in this species by cross-hybridization with Brassica DNA probes.
(15) The fast generation time, small genome size and extensive genetic map of the crucifer Arabidopsis thaliana have made it the subject of an increasing number of studies in plant molecular genetics.
(16) Survey of extracts of a variety of commonly consumed, organically grown vegetables for quinone reductase inducer activity identified crucifers (and particularly those of the genus Brassica) as singularly rich sources.
(17) Crucifers contain naturally occurring components that are goitrogenic, resulting from the combined action of allyl isothiocyanate, goitrin, and thiocyanate.
(18) Autoradiographic studies with [3H]1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 demonstrated nuclear high affinity binding sites (receptors) in epithelial cells of choroid plexus, ependyma and arachnoid in "seasonal" breeders of various vertebrate phyla, namely Xiphophorus helleri, Hyla crucifer, Xenopus laevis, Bufo woodhousei, Chrysemys scripta, Anolis carolinensis, Nerodia sipedon and Phodopus sungorus, but vitamin D receptors were undetectable in these tissues in non-seasonal breeders, such as zebra finch, laboratory mice and rats.
(19) The percentage of DNA from the crucifer Matthiola incana coding for different types of RNA was measured by filter saturation hybridisation experiments using RNA labelled in vivo.
(20) Four species of frogs Rana sylvatica, Hyla versicolor, Hyla crucifer and Pseudacris triseriata, survived extracellular freezing at moderate subzero temperatures (-2 to -4 degrees C) for periods of time ranging up to 2 weeks.
Family
Definition:
(v. t.) The collective body of persons who live in one house, and under one head or manager; a household, including parents, children, and servants, and, as the case may be, lodgers or boarders.
(v. t.) The group comprising a husband and wife and their dependent children, constituting a fundamental unit in the organization of society.
(v. t.) Those who descend from one common progenitor; a tribe, clan, or race; kindred; house; as, the human family; the family of Abraham; the father of a family.
(v. t.) Course of descent; genealogy; line of ancestors; lineage.
(v. t.) Honorable descent; noble or respectable stock; as, a man of family.
(v. t.) A group of kindred or closely related individuals; as, a family of languages; a family of States; the chlorine family.
(v. t.) A group of organisms, either animal or vegetable, related by certain points of resemblance in structure or development, more comprehensive than a genus, because it is usually based on fewer or less pronounced points of likeness. In zoology a family is less comprehesive than an order; in botany it is often considered the same thing as an order.
Example Sentences:
(1) The role of the family practitioner in antenatal care is discussed.
(2) The findings indicate that there is still a significant incongruence between the value structure of most family practice units and that of their institutions but that many family practice units are beginning to achieve parity of promotion and tenure with other departments in their institutions.
(3) It is recognized that caregivers encompass family members and nursing staff.
(4) PMS is more prevalent among women working outside the home, alcoholics, women of high parity, and women with toxemic tendency; it probably runs in families.
(5) 62.1% were from disrupted families (39.5% divorced, 12.9% remarried, and 9.7% widowed).
(6) Serum samples from 23 families, including a total of 48 affected children, were tested for a set of "classical markers."
(7) Among a family of 8 children, 4 presented typical clinical and biological abnormalities related to mannosidosis.
(8) Complementarity determining regions (CDR) are conserved to different extents, with the first CDR region in all family members being among the most conserved segments of the molecule.
(9) This result demonstrates that branching enzyme belongs to a family of the amylolytic enzymes.
(10) The correlates of three characteristics of familial networks (i.e., residential proximity, family affection, and family contact) were examined among a national sample of older Black Americans.
(11) During the study period four family outbreaks and seven recurrences of infection were observed.
(12) Because many wnt genes are also expressed in the lung, we have examined whether the wnt family member wnt-2 (irp) plays a role in lung development.
(13) Twelve families with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) were studied by linkage analysis using 10 polymorphic marker loci from the X-chromosome pericentromeric region.
(14) As players, we want what's right, and we feel like no one in his family should be able to own the team.” The NBA has also said that Shelly Sterling should not remain as owner.
(15) Family therapists have attempted to convert the acting-out behavioral disorders into an effective state, i.e., make the family aware of their feelings of deprivation by focusing on the aggressive component.
(16) Mutational mosaicism was used as a developmental model to analyze 1,500 sporadic and 179 familial cases of retinoblastoma from the world literature.
(17) In this paper, we report the cases of 4 male patients (mean age 32.7 yr) with right-ventricular dysplasia, that occurred in familial form.
(18) The frequency of gastric malignancies in the families of the women with gastric polyps was higher than in the controls and in men, 6.2, 3.1 and 2.4 percent, respectively (p less than 0.05, and p less than 0.025).
(19) The family comprises at least three variable (V) gene segments, three constant (C) gene segments, and three junction (J) gene segments.
(20) Obesity in the Pimas is familial and has complex relationships with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, a common disease in this population.