(1) The course of cytological abnormalities and synaptogenesis of Purkinje cells were investigated in the culmen of cerebella from homozygous Gunn rats with hereditary hyperbilirubinemia from postnatal day 7 to adulthood (5-10 months old).
(2) Since the Purkinje (P) cells of the cerebellar vermis (culmen) respond to roll tilt of the animal with a discharge pattern that is out of phase with respect to that of the related lateral vestibular neurons, thus exerting a facilitatory influence on the gain of the vestibulospinal (VS) reflex, we tested the effects of local microinjection into the anterior vermis of noradrenergic and cholinergic agents on these reflexes.
(3) Therefore, the anterior portions of hemispheres were situated anterior to the culmen in every 200 R group.
(4) Among these structures, the length of the culmen seemed to be the least affected by radiation stress in all of the breeds studied.
(5) The majority of the evoked units were located in the posterior part of the culmen, lateral to the paravermian vein.
(6) Reversible cooling (5-0 degrees C) or partial ablation of the culmen of the cerebellar vermis could facilitate SIS-induced stepping, whereas electrical stimulation (300 microA up) of the same region could attenuate or abolish stepping.
(7) The angiography showed a basilar trunk occlusion with revascularization of the cerebellar culmen.
(8) These images also can display (1) the corpus medullare and primary white-matter branches to the vermian lobules, including the lingula, centralis, culmen, declive, folium, tuber, pyramis, uvula, and nodulus; and (2) several finer secondary branches to individual folia within the lobules.
(9) Computerized tomography (CT) is a safer method which permits a more precise and earlier visualization of temporal and central herniations and herniation of the culmen cerebelli, which are the three varieties of transtentorial herniation.
(10) Cooling of the lateral part of the culmen of the cerebellar vermis and hemisphere mainly facilitated stepping of the ipsilateral forelimb.
(11) The cerebella of the F1 generation were examined for the presence (Type I) or absence (Type II) of an intraculminate fissure between vermian lobule IV and vermian lobule V (the ventral and dorsal lobules of the culmen).
(12) Four growth measurements (body mass, culmen, tarsus, wing) were recorded from nestlings to determine if these organophosphorus compounds caused perturbations in development at sublethal concentrations.
(13) The superior part of the cerebellum supplied by this artery includes the following lobules: lobulus anterior, lobulus simplex, lobulus semilunaris superior, and, in the vermis, lobulus centralis, culmen and clivus.
(14) The five regions of interest included the following: (1) lingula and centralis, (2) culmen, (3) declive, folium, and tuber, (4) pyramis, and (5) uvula and nodulus.
(15) The lingula, central lobule, culmen, superior portion of declive, anterior lobules and anteromedial half of simple lobule were severely degenerated, while other lobules were spared excluding moderate degeneration in inferomedian portion of the hemisphere.
(16) Results for 177 mice revealed that many brains had extra sulci present within the central lobe, the culmen, the declive and the uvula, and that patterns within a genetically uniform inbred strain were highly variable.
(17) Growth rates for body weight, culmens, wings, and tarsi of both species on control diets exceeded those on many treatment diets but the differences were less apparent for mallards than for black ducks.
(18) Growth rates of body weights were proportionately more depressed by radiation stress than were body sizes, as measured by the lengths of the culmen, tarsus, middle toe and longest primary wing feather of all 32 day-old survivors.
(19) We report about our experience with the infratentorial supracerebellar approach in 23 patients operated on for lesions located in the posterior part of the third ventricle, quadrigeminal plate, culmen cerebelli and cerebellar peduncle.
(20) In nearly midsagittal sections of the culmen, the percentage of the affected Purkinje cells was 0.9%, 17.1%, 0% and 0% at days 3, 7, 13 and 20, respectively.
Dorsal
Definition:
(a.) Pertaining to, or situated near, the back, or dorsum, of an animal or of one of its parts; notal; tergal; neural; as, the dorsal fin of a fish; the dorsal artery of the tongue; -- opposed to ventral.
(a.) Pertaining to the surface naturally inferior, as of a leaf.
(a.) Pertaining to the surface naturally superior, as of a creeping hepatic moss.
(a.) A hanging, usually of rich stuff, at the back of a throne, or of an altar, or in any similar position.
Example Sentences:
(1) Two small populations of GLY + neurons were observed outside of the named nuclei of the SOC; one was located dorsal to the LSO, near its dorsal hilus, and the other was identified near the medial pole of the LSO.
(2) It is concluded that in the mouse model the ability of buspirone to reduce the aversive response to a brightly illuminated area may reflect an anxiolytic action, that the dorsal raphe nucleus may be an important locus of action, and that the effects of buspirone may reflect an interaction at 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors.
(3) An opening wedge osteotomy is then directed posterior-dorsal to anterior-plantar, to effectively plantarflex the posterior aspect of the calcaneus.
(4) Rapid injection of 2 m Ci TC 99m into a dorsal vein of the foot produced isotope phlebograms with a Dyna camera 2 C.
(5) Using a monoclonal antibody against dopamine and a rabbit antiserum against serotonin, 5-methoxytryptamine or tryptamine, we were able to achieve the simultaneous localization of two amines in glutaraldehyde-fixed sections of rat dorsal raphe nuclei.
(6) While the heaviest anterogradely labeled ascending projections were observed to the contralateral ventral posterolateral nucleus of the thalamus, pars oralis (VPLo), efferent projections were also observed to the contralateral ventrolateral thalamic nucleus (VLc) and central lateral (CL) nucleus of the thalamic intralaminar complex, magnocellular (and to a lesser extent parvicellular) red nucleus, nucleus of Darkschewitsch, zona incerta, nucleus of the posterior commissure, lateral intermediate layer and deep layer of the superior colliculus, dorsolateral periaqueductal gray, contralateral nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis and basilar pontine nuclei (especially dorsal and peduncular), and dorsal (DAO) and medial (MAO) accessory olivary nuclei, ipsilateral lateral (external) cuneate nucleus (LCN) and lateral reticular nucleus (LRN), and to a lesser extent the caudal medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) and caudal nucleus prepositus hypoglossi (NPH), and dorsal medullary raphe.
(7) The pattern of results is consistent with a role for the dorsal bundle in attentional processes but appears to contradict the predictions required if the dorsal bundle were to have a role in frustrative nonreward.
(8) The Ca2+ channel current recorded under identical conditions in rat dorsal root ganglion neurones was less sensitive to blockade by PCP (IC50, 90 microM).
(9) Rats were injected subcutaneously with 10 ml of air into the dorsal skin to make an air-pouch and with 2 ml of antiserum at an appropriate dilution for passive sensitization, and then 5 ml of air was removed.
(10) Conservatively treated compressed fractures of the distal radius dorsal metaphysis healed despite primarily good reduction and consequent treatment with a decrease in dorsal length.
(11) One month after unilateral transection of the fimbria-fornix an almost complete lack of cholinergic fibers persists in all layers of the dorsal hippocampus and fascia dentata ipsilateral to the lesion when compared to the contralateral hippocampus or to unlesioned control rats.
(12) Three animals received unilateral lesions which included both the inferior parietal lobule and a portion of adjacent dorsal prestriate cortex (IPL-PS).
(13) We have characterized previously a model of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection of rat dorsal root ganglia (DRG) following cutaneous infection.
(14) After intravenous or dorsal lymph sac injections of 3H-22:6, most of the retinal label was seen in rod photoreceptor cells.
(15) Spinal cord stimulation would suppress at least the dorsal horn neurons which were destroyed by various kinds of diseases.
(16) This study presents data supporting a selective antinociceptive role for DA at the spinal level, where it has a widespread antinociceptive influence, on cells in both the superficial and deeper dorsal horn.
(17) The first spinal nerve and the spinal accessory nerve (XI) have no sensory projections, but the second spinal nerve has typical projections along the dorsal funiculus of the spinal cord.
(18) Neurons containing moderate to high concentrations of ChE reaction product were found in 3 distinct regions of the dorsal thalamus.
(19) Dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons cultured from neonatal rats contained high concentrations of protein kinase C (PKC).
(20) Stimulating the dorsal root at L5 was found to produce hindleg twitches in EAE rats with complete hindlimb paralysis.