(n.) A transverse drain or waterway of masonry under a road, railroad, canal, etc.; a small bridge.
Example Sentences:
(1) He mentions practical measures that are needed such as heat wave action plans, elevating critical infrastructure and increasing the size of culverts and drainage pipes.
(2) Work is already in hand to take the River Roch out of its culvert and give the town hall prettier surroundings, but years of neglect and council-inspired vandalism will have to be rectified in the building itself.
(3) The destabilisation of bridges, weirs, culverts and river walls, whose foundations are undermined by deepening the channel: "If the river channels are dredged and structures are not realigned, 'Pinch Points' at structures would occur.
(4) Compared with the management methods of: 1) open to the estuary with culverts and, 2) passive retention of water with flapgate risers, RIM proved to be significantly more effective in reducing mosquito production.
(5) There are endless numbers of people responsible for things like ditches, drains, culverts, and sewage.
(6) This weekend the EA celebrated the new era in east London, where the once featureless Sutcliffe Park has had the river Quaggy liberated from an underground concrete culvert into the newly moulded landscape.
(7) Over two years, the management regimes of: 1) opening a southeast Florida salt marsh impoundment to the adjacent estuary with culverts through the dike, then, 2) passively retaining water with flapgate risers was studied to determine the effects on marsh flooding and resultant mosquito production.
(8) The nearby village of Walsden was hit by up to 46cm of water, causing "sheer devastation", according to residents, as it poured from a culvert and down a side street, ripping huge chunks out of the road surface and destroying the road.
(9) From inflated insurance premiums to the alleged need to belatedly dredge waterways, their aftermath is often talked about using a strange mixture of official speak and hydrological arcana such as culvert and bund - respectively, an underground water channel and defensive embankment.
(10) The IRA had built an enormous bomb inside a culvert under the road, and when it was detonated by a control wire, the Cortina was hurled 70ft in the air.
(11) The first epizootic was discovered in 22% of clams collected as Searsport near Long Cove Brook and three culverts that conveyed heating oil and jet fuel spilled from a tank farm in 1971.
(12) Improvements included "an expensive cattle kraal with a culvert and chicken run, a swimming pool, an amphitheatre [and] marquee area", as well as "extensive paving and the relocation of neighbours who used to form part of the original homestead".
(13) Severe flooding in nearby Lewisham town centre in 1968 prompted building of the Sutcliffe Park concrete culvert, whose smoother channel would more rapidly carry water surges away.
Outfall
Definition:
(n.) The mouth of a river; the lower end of a water course; the open end of a drain, culvert, etc., where the discharge occurs.
(n.) A quarrel; a falling out.
Example Sentences:
(1) Neither the stock cultures nor the aquatic strains were capable of growth in autoclaved river water taken above the sewage outfall at the three temperatures tested.
(2) Although the efficiency of the method was influenced by the composition and source of the sediments it was used successfully to detect viruses occurring in marine and freshwater sediments near sewer outfalls.
(3) Generally speaking, fluoridated water loss during use, dilution of sewage by rain and ground water infiltrate, fluoride removal during secondary sewage treatment, and diffusion dynamics at effluent outfall combine to eliminate fluoridation-related environmental effects.
(4) This study provides data for total and non-residual vanadium distributions in the northern Saronikos Gulf and shows that close to the Athens sewage outfall (ASO), the combined domestic and industrial wastes have resulted in a considerable increase in concentrations of vanadium in sediments and suspended solids.
(5) Animals near the Los Angeles County sewer outfall contain over 45 times as much tDDT as animals near major agricultural drainage areas.
(6) All bacterial indices, except for V. parahaemolyticus, declined significantly with distance from the outfall.
(7) Close proximity to sewage outfall was shown to result in significant decreases in AEC values within 24 hr.
(8) Sewage effluent and outfall confluence samples were collected at the Barceloneta Regional Treatment Plant in Barceloneta, Puerto Rico; outfall confluence samples at Ocean City, Md., were also collected.
(9) The presence of long-chain alkylbenzenes in sediment trap particulates and marine sediments collected near a major waste outfall system in southern California indicates that these hydrocarbons can survive exposure to an oxygenated water column during sedimentation.
(10) Vast amounts of these end up in the sea, through inadequate waste disposal systems and sewage outfall.
(11) Four new methane-oxidizing bacteria have been isolated from marine samples taken at the Hyperion sewage outfall, near Los Angeles, CA.
(12) Polluted water samples collected from the River Tigris in the vicinity of a raw sewage outfall were examined for the incidence of antibiotic resistance among coliform bacteria on three occasions during 1983.
(13) Below the outfall of one of the plants that discharges heavily chlorinated unnitrified effluent, NH4+-oxidizers amounted to approximately 200 X 10(5) per g of slime scraped from stream-bed rocks.
(14) Human enteric viruses in urban wastewater often flow into the marine environment through outfall sewers which can cause pollution of adjacent beaches used for bathing and of areas where fish and seafood grow and are harvested for human consumption.
(15) The Manus islanders have a strong tradition of fishing and a dependency on this resource … This is an area of highly diverse reefs that are seriously threatened from dynamite fishing and by phosphate mining on seabird islands as well as sewage outfalls.” [243] It goes on to note that it was a “high-level risk” that wastewater from the site would be released into the marine environment.
(16) The contamination of the river resulted from an incorrect sewage connexion with a surface water drain outfall into the river.
(17) No differences in growth, measured as wet weight gain, were observed between upstream control (UP) and experimental fish located 9 km downstream from the outfall (Down 4).
(18) In this study the seedling of a variety of plants were successfully grown hydroponically on raw wastewater obtained from one of the main sewer outfalls in Beirut.
(19) No viruses were detected near the outfall nor in the bathing area.
(20) Virological examination of water of the Baltic Sea in the neighbourhood of a sewage outfall was done.