(a.) Composed of parts in a heap; forming a mass; aggregated.
(a.) Augmenting, gaining, or giving force, by successive additions; as, a cumulative argument, i. e., one whose force increases as the statement proceeds.
(a.) Tending to prove the same point to which other evidence has been offered; -- said of evidence.
(a.) Given by same testator to the same legatee; -- said of a legacy.
Example Sentences:
(1) The cumulative incidence of grade II and III acute GVHD in the 'low dose' cyclosporin group was 42% compared to 51% in the 'standard dose' group (P = 0.60).
(2) Children of smoking mothers had an 18.0 per cent cumulative incidence of post-infancy wheezing through 10 years of age, compared with 16.2 per cent among children of nonsmoking mothers (risk ratio 1.11, 95% CI: 1.02, 1.21).
(3) Measures of average and cumulative rank were used to augment tests of the significance of correlations between different indicators.
(4) It was shown that the antibiotic had low acute toxicity, did not cumulate and had no skin-irritating effect.
(5) In guinea pig ventricular myocytes, the positive contractile staircase was associated with ascending staircases of both peak systolic and end diastolic [Ca2+]i because of a cumulative increase in diastolic [Ca2+]i.
(6) Results obtained from cumulative labeling and pulse-labeling and chase experiments with cells from late gastrulae, yolk plug-stage embryos, and neurulae showed that the 30S RNA is an intermediate in rRNA processing and is derived from 40S pre-rRNA and processed to 28S rRNA.
(7) A cumulative response rate of 31% is reported for a total of 200 patients treated with this drug.
(8) Repeated feedings of 1 mg of Sudan III induced cumulative increases in the concentration of menadione reductase (EC 1.6.99.2) in liver, whereas protein concentration was unchanged.
(9) A physiologically based model, comprising the reservoir, liver blood and tissue, and bile, was fitted to reservoir concentrations of 3H-oxazepam and 3H-oxazepam glucuronides, and the cumulative amount excreted into bile.
(10) The cumulative results suggest that the two sulfate activating enzymes do not associate to form a "3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate synthetase" complex.
(11) Thus, in theory, the Pl concentration should cumulatively decrease as the blood approaches the outer cortex, contrary to the concentration of red and white blood cells (RBC and WBC).
(12) Using cumulative nursing GPAs, the likelihood of predicting success on NCLEX-RN increased at the end of each academic year.
(13) Also, studies on the simulated cumulative effect of background radiation during storage failed to find any detrimental effect when embryos were exposed to the equivalent of about 2000 years of background radiation.
(14) The requirement of BHK-21 cells for transferrin appears to be minimal since cells exposed to HDL and basic FGF could be serially transferred for at least 50 cumulative population doublings in the absence of transferrin.
(15) In patients with preexistent congestive heart failure (CHF), predicted cumulative survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years were 78%, 69%, and 57%, respectively, for group 1 (n = 23) and 90%, 83%, and 75%, respectively, for group 2 (n = 16).
(16) The estimated mean decrement in KCO for a cadmium worker employed 5 or more years with a cumulative exposure of 2000 yr.microgram.m-3 (exposure to the current UK control limit of 50 micrograms.m-3 for a working lifetime of 40 yr) lies between 0.05 and 0.3 mmol.min-1.kPa-1.l-1 (95% confidence interval).
(17) The life-table method was used to determine the cumulative survival rate and cumulative recurrence rate.
(18) Furthermore, this study demonstrates that by forming groups of patients with similar age at diagnosis the cumulative survival rate declined in the group with early diagnosis much more markedly than in the group of patients with later diagnosis.
(19) The cumulative incidence of colorectal cancer in all patients was 0.2% at 10 yr, 2.8% at 15 yr, 5.5% at 20 yr, and 13.5% at 30 yr.
(20) Significant differences were found mainly for the peripheral-, core temperature difference, the cumulative sodium and cumulative fluid balance from which the diagnosis addisonian crisis could have been made.
Duplicative
Definition:
(a.) Having the quality of duplicating or doubling.
(a.) Having the quality of subdividing into two by natural growth.
Example Sentences:
(1) Short incubations with heparin (5 min) caused a release of the enzyme into the media, while longer incubations caused a 2-8-fold increase in net lipoprotein lipase secretion which was maximal after 2-16 h depending on cell type, and persisted for 24 h. The effect of heparin was dose-dependent and specific (it was not duplicated by other glycosaminoglycans).
(2) Preliminary data also suggest that high-molecular-weight rearrangements of the duplicated region are present in all tissues.
(3) In the second comparison, HSV was isolated from 225 of 1,026 (21.9%) specimens and duplicate human foreskin fibroblast cell wells stained at 24 and 72 h were PAP positive in 241 of 1,026 (23.5%).
(4) Evidence reported here shows that, consistent with prediction, 10 carcinogens are all active in inducing tandem duplications.
(5) So we concluded that duplications and accessories should be thought to have similar meanings with the ordinary branching patterns of MCA in the occurrence of aneurysms.
(6) The 500-bp element arose by duplication of one half of a 180-bp ancestor and insertion of a foreign segment between the two duplicated parts followed by amplification.
(7) A case of incomplete peno-scrotal transposition, with a perineal anorectal duplication, vesico-ureteric reflux and thoracic hemivertebrae is presented.
(8) For the case of the fluctuating pressure, the strength of the artery becomes considerably lower than those under constant amplitude and two-step-multi-duplicated pulsatile pressure.
(9) Reciprocal translocations involving the short arm of acrocentric chromosomes can segregate to produce partial duplications without associated deletions.
(10) The authors report a case of total bladder duplication by frontal septum.
(11) Control-operated cells with centrosomes left in the karyoplast progress through the cell cycle, duplicate the centrosome, and form clonal cell colonies.
(12) Partial duplication of the proximal part of the long arm of chromosome 5, on the other hand, is associated mainly with musculoskeletal abnormalities including muscle hypotrophy and hypotonia, scoliosis, lordosis, pectus carinatum, cubitus valgus, and genu valgum, in addition to psychomotor retardation.
(13) Using fluorescent in situ hybridization and digital imaging microscopy, we mapped probe p32.1 (D11S16) to the proximal part of region 11p14 (11p14.1) and demonstrated duplication of this probe in our patient.
(14) The efflux rate for EB of strains with duplicated ebr genes was twice the rate of strains with a single ebr gene.
(15) In addition to the fatigue tester and the pulse duplicator, a signal conditioner, a DC amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter, and a digital microcomputer comprised the essential hardware.
(16) The 3' untranslated region of the VMRI gene 11 equivalent contains a clear duplication of a portion of its coding sequence.
(17) The regulatory region of the casein gene contains two different TATA signals flanking the duplication site in the promoter region.
(18) A 68-year-old female patient was admitted for the examination of duplication of right ureter and right hydronephrosis.
(19) The curiously double nature of the virgin in this tale, her purity versus her duplicity, seems unquestionably related to the infantile split mother, as elucidated by Klein--a connection explored in an earlier paper.
(20) Furthermore, duplications in the vicinity of this locus involving the beta-amyloid gene and the proto-oncogene ets-2 have been reported in association with AD.