(n.) One of the four principal forms of clouds. SeeCloud.
Example Sentences:
(1) Mouse sperm bind to zonae pellucidae of cumulus-free eggs in vitro in a Ca2+-dependent reaction; these sperm are intact by the CTC assay.
(2) The OCI-related membrane appeared a cause of OCI interference with fimbrial ovum capture by preventing the contact between the fimbrial cilia and the cumulus oophorus.
(3) In the presence of 0.02 mM verapamil, the maturation of cumulus-enclosed oocytes was not affected, whereas at the same dose of verapamil the maturation of denuded oocytes was inhibited.
(4) Survival rate of control oocytes (90%; based primarily on morphological appearance of the cumulus) incubated 0 h was greater (P less than .05) than that of all other groups, whereas survival rate of -196 degrees C oocytes (57%) was less (P less than .05) than that of all other groups.
(5) None of the inhibitors (H7, H8 and W7) altered the patterns of protein synthesis of either pig oocytes and cumulus cells after maturation in vitro.
(6) Thus, variation of the acrosome reaction-inducing activity of cumulus cells does not appear to be involved in the variable fertilization of oocytes obtained from follicles of differing maturity.
(7) In most mammalian ovaries, the cumulus cell-oocyte complex (COC) expands at the time of ovulation by depositing an extensive extracellular matrix between the cumulus cells.
(8) Oocyte maturity was graded on a scale from 1 to 5 based on the morphology of the ooplasm, cumulus mass, corona radiata, and membrana granulosa cells.
(9) Immediately before in vitro insemination, the oocytes were divided into three types with different follicle cells: denuded and corona- and cumulus-enclosed oocytes.
(10) When rat eggs in cumulus clot were exposed to epididymal sperm preincubated for five hours, the presence of sodium pyruvate, sodium lactate and glucose was found to play an important role.
(11) No significant binding could be detected either on the oocyte or on the cumulus cells surrounding the oocyte.
(12) Similarities were increased number of lipid droplets in the cumulus cells, widened peri-vitelline space, peripheral displacement or breakdown of the oocyte nucleus and disconnection of the junctions between cumulus cell projections and the oolemma.
(13) Oocyte-cumulus complexes were obtained, after induced ovulation, from infertile patients participating in an in-vitro fertilization programme.
(14) We conclude that human cumulus cells are a readily available and useful resource for in vitro screening of potential female reproductive toxicants.
(15) Activin A, which was purified as the erythroid differentiation factor, accelerated the maturation of not only follicle-enclosed oocytes and oocyte-cumulus complexes, but also denuded oocytes, as measured by an increase in the percentage of oocytes with germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD).
(16) Immunostaining for dimeric activin-A occurs in granulosa and cumulus cells of human ovarian follicles and in granulosa-lutein cells of the human corpus luteum.
(17) Adenosine had a significant, but transient, effect in maintaining both cumulus cell-enclosed and denuded oocytes in meiotic arrest; all oocytes had undergone GVBD by 100 min incubation in 1 mM adenosine.
(18) The results strongly suggest that the cumulus oophorus expansion-promoting action of granulosa cells is mediated by PGE2, and support the hypothesis (Downs and Longo, 1983) that granulosa cells might play a similar role in the mechanism of cumulus expansion in vivo.
(19) Adenosine (ADO) in low micromolar levels and hypoxanthine (HYP) in millimolar levels have been shown to inhibit maturation of cumulus-enclosed oocytes.
(20) This factor produced by porcine cumulus cells negatively influenced maturation of bovine oocytes; however, a similar effect was not demonstrated in the mouse.
Pannus
Definition:
(n.) A very vascular superficial opacity of the cornea, usually caused by granulation of the eyelids.
Example Sentences:
(1) Tissue overgrowth (pannus) was seen in all but three prostheses.
(2) The contra-indications for them are: 1. a better visual acuity with spectacles than with contact lenses, 2. advanced cases (4th degree of Amsler) whose fitting is impossible, 3. unilateral keratoconus, 4. associated diseases such as trachomatous pannus, allergic kerato-conjunctivitis.
(3) In contrast to conventionally induced collagen arthritis (CIA), the inflammatory infiltrates, filling joint spaces and synovial tissue, were extensively dominated by polymorphonuclear cells, whereas macrophage-like cells expressing class II molecules and a few T cells were seen only in the periphery of the developing pannus.
(4) These mice also have circulating rheumatoid factor (RF) and develop histological changes in their joints characterized by pannus formation, cartilage and bone erosions.
(5) In articular cartilage covered by pannus, in three patients with seropositive RA, in one with seronegative RA and in the patient with JCA a few regions with variably dense PMN infiltrates were observed.
(6) A comparable reduction in cartilage erosion, incidence of pannus, and new bone formation was noted in the drug-treated group.
(7) Towards the end of the observation period erosions of cartilage, pannus formation and periarticular foci of purulent necrobiosis were found.
(8) In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) joint inflammation is due to two processes: 1) the underlying inflammatory process (UIP) characterized by a lymphoplasmacellular infiltration of the synovial tissue, as well as pannus formation, and 2) the detritogenic synovitis (DS), a synovial response to articular wear products from cartilage and bone (detritus) that induces a preferentially fibrinous inflammation.
(9) These findings support the concept that fibroblastic pannus is derived from the underlying articular cartilage rather than adjacent tissues.
(10) At surgery, dense adhesions were found within the joint, the articular cartilage was overgrown with pannus extending out to the lateral patella, and there was extensive deformity of the femoral condyle and tibial plateau.
(11) Qualitative examination of representative sections of polyurethane conduits demonstrated thick inner capsules with numerous small islands of graft material surrounded by macrophages and bands of mature fibrous tissue, in contrast to the thinner neointima and limited anastomotic pannus ingrowth observed in ePTFE grafts.
(12) She presented with massive necrosis of the skin and abdominal pannus on the sixth postoperative day after a cesarean section for severe preeclampsia and failed induction.
(13) Pannus developed, extending over the articular surfaces, and extensive erosion of cartilage and subchondral bone occurred.
(14) The evidence from this study suggests that the mechanisms for corneal pannus formation from the limbus are quite different from those for scarring of the conjunctiva.
(15) In order to functionally characterize the ECM of synovium, synovial extracellular matrix was purified from pannus removed at joint replacement surgery.
(16) Pannus, a vascular and fibrous granulation tissue arising from the perichondral synovial membrane, extends onto cartilage surfaces as a layer of morphologically quiescent fibroblastic mesenchymal cells.
(17) The remaining 20 patients (age 15 days to 57 years) had the following diagnosis: atypical follicles (eight), conjunctivitis with or without mucopurulent discharge (ten) innactive pannus only (one), and severe anemia (one).
(18) However, cartilage and bone erosions and pannus formation were rarely observed.
(19) In this study they were used to determine, at the ultrastructural level, using immunogold staining, type II collagen fibril cleavage in articular cartilages remote from synovium and pannus of patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
(20) Review of the literature identified potential uses for this technique: (1) in the spine, for differentiation between scar tissue and recurrent disk herniation and for evaluation of epidural tumors; (2) in musculoskeletal tumors, for differentiation between tumor necrosis and peritumoral edema and for characterization and evaluation of tumors before and after treatment; (3) in the joints for delineation of cartilage and tendon tears, with intraarticular injection, and for differentiation between pannus and joint effusion, with IV injection; and (4) for delineation of infectious processes.