What's the difference between decanoate and ester?
Decanoate
Definition:
Example Sentences:
(1) Sixteen patients in whom schizophrenia was initially diagnosed and who were treated with fluphenazine enanthate or decanoate developed severe depression for a short period after the injection.
(2) Two other impurities are pyrene derivatives but their acyl chains probably are not decanoic acid.
(3) Fifty-six out of 60 schizophrenic patients completed a double-blind study of two long-acting neuroleptics, penfluridol (peroral) and flupenthixol decanoate (parenteral).
(4) The constitutent fatty acids were elucidated by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry to be beta-hydroxy isodecanoic acid, beta-hydroxy decanoic acid, beta-hydroxy isoundecanoic acid and beta-hydroxy anteisoundecanoic acid.
(5) Thirty-six stabilized schizophrenic outpatients were randomly assigned to receive either 5 or 25 mg of fluphenazine decanoate biweekly and were followed up for two years.
(6) In conclusion, nandrolone decanoate therapy may be used in the prevention of CST-induced osteoporosis.
(7) A double-blind controlled study was performed in 60 patients with symptomatic osteoporosis with at least one vertebral crush fracture, comparing the effect of nandrolone decanoate, 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 and intermittent calcium infusions.
(8) This article reviews the role of a new depot antipsychotic dosage form, haloperidol decanoate (HD), in relationship to other comparable pharmacotherapies (oral and injectable).
(9) When [14C]haloperidol decanoate, a long-acting neuroleptic and an ester of haloperidol and decanoic acid, was incubated in human whole blood and plasma and in rat plasma and homogenates of rat brain, lung, liver, kidney, pancreas and muscle, no hydrolysis of the ester was seen.
(10) Employing isocratic and gradient-elution high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) a number of straight-chain fatty acid esters (decanoate, laurate, myristate, palmitate) of violaxanthin, auroxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, isozeaxanthin, and beta-cryptoxanthin, prepared by partial synthesis, have been separated on a C18 reversed-phase column.
(11) In order to investigate the feasibility of administering perphenazine decanoate (PD) at three week intervals the 42 patients participating in the previously reported open, prospective 12 month study were, after six months, treated according to the following scheme: 21 patients continued to receive injections every two weeks (group I), whereas in the remaining 21 patients the intervals between injections were extended to 3 weeks (group II).
(12) Evidence is also presented to show that decanoate is actively transported by the parent strain and by the mutants.
(13) It is suggested that the optimal effect obtained with decanoate was due to a favourable combination of the surfactant and wetting properties of this molecule at the low pH values found in fissure dental plaque.
(14) Growth of E. coli is inhibited similar to that of B. subtilis by all compounds except butylbenzoate, decanoate, and linoleate which cannot penetrate the lipopolysaccharide layer.
(15) The results do not support the hypothesis that fluphenazine decanoate serum levels correlate with TD occurrence.
(16) The mean time to progression in tamoxifen group is over 13 months and in tamoxifen plus nandrolone decanoate group over 12 months.
(17) According to the indications of fluphenazin decanoate in the long-term treatment in schizophrenia the authors analyse the findings of a simple blind study of Lyorodin-depot on a sample of 20 inpatients.
(18) Dosages for both oral haloperidol and IM haloperidol decanoate were determined on the basis of the patient's past psychiatric history and clinical response during the stabilization period.
(19) 39 chronic schizophrenic out-patients were given either fluphenazine decanoate or enanthate for a 1-year double-blind trial.
(20) Reference values for children (n = 24) and adults (n = 40) are given for octanoic, decanoic and dodecanoic acids.
Ester
Definition:
(n.) An ethereal salt, or compound ether, consisting of an organic radical united with the residue of any oxygen acid, organic or inorganic; thus the natural fats are esters of glycerin and the fatty acids, oleic, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) These effects are similar to those reported for AVP and phorbol esters, activators of protein kinase C. Forskolin and isoproterenol, which induce cAMP accumulation, activated extractable topoisomerase II (maximum 5-15 min after treatment), but not topoisomerase I. Permeable cyclic nucleotide analogs dBcAMP and 8BrcGMP selectively activated extractable topoisomerase II and topoisomerase I activities, respectively.
(2) Preincubation of human neutrophils with recombinant tumor necrosis factor alpha has previously been shown by us to enhance superoxide production of neutrophils in response to the chemotactic peptide formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, and the phorbol ester, phorbol myristate acetate.
(3) Tumor promoting phorbol esters (1-1000 nM) could also inhibit PGE2 stimulated cAMP production dose dependently.
(4) These products were identified to be epimers of 5,12(S)-dihydroxy-eicosatetraenoic acid methyl ester (5,12(S)-diHETE-Me) and epimers of 11,12-diHETE-Me.
(5) Benzyloxycarbonylarginine p-nitrophenyl ester and other activated esters of N-a-sustituted arginine salts may be useful reagents for introduction of trypsin-labile protecting groups into peptide fragments for purpose of polypeptide semi-synthesis.
(6) The immunodetectable PKC level in hypothyroid liver was elevated 7.7-fold, whereas the phorbol-ester binding capacity and the immunodetectable alpha-PKC level were increased 2.4- and 2.6-fold, respectively.
(7) The presence of a previously unreported dipeptide transport mechanism within blood leukocytes and the selective enrichment of the granule enzyme, DPPI, within cytotoxic effector cells of lymphoid or myeloid lineage appear to afford a unique mechanism for the targeting of immunotherapeutic reagents composed of simple dipeptide esters or amides.
(8) Incubation of membrane with DL-Hcys alone (5 X 10(-5) M), the combination of both Ad (5 X 10(-5)) and DL-Hcys (5 X 10(-5)), or S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH) (1 X 10(-6)) strongly decreased the methyl ester formation.
(9) To this purpose, the formation of DHT has been measured in rat glial cell cultures after different time of exposure to TPA, 4 alpha-Ph, an active and an inactive phorbol ester respectively, and 8-Br-cAMP.
(10) Insulin incubation of plasma membranes pretreated with protease inhibitors (leupeptin, phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride) or with exogenous trypsin, but not chymotrypsin substrates (esters of arginine and tyrosine) yields an inactive supernatant on PDH.
(11) Lymphocyte stimulation by phorbol ester for a short time induces c-fos and c-myc expression, but has no effect on [3H]thymidine incorporation.
(12) The cryptoxanthin esters varied from 5 to 10% of the total carotenoids in Valencia orange juice concentrates and from 10 to 15% of the total carotenoids in Navel orange juice concentrates.
(13) Early in the regression process, cholesterol esters are reduced at least partly by hydrolysis to yield cholesterol, some of which may crystallize and inhibit rapid regression.
(14) The kinetics of the luminescent signal with the different luciferin esters varied significantly, indicating possible differences in the rates of uptake, breakdown and enzyme inhibition.
(15) In comparison to rat pancreas, [D-Phe6]BN-(6-13)ethyl ester, Ac-GRP-(20-26)ethyl ester, [D-Phe6,Cpa14, psi 13-14]BN-(6-14), [Leu14, psi 13-14]BN, and [Leu14, psi 9,10]BN had a 10,000-, 2,940-, 1,425-, 122-, and 4-fold, respectively, weaker affinity for BN receptors.
(16) Enzymatic lability does not, however, play as important a role as lipophilicity in the corneal and conjunctival penetration of cycloalkyl and aryl ester prodrugs.
(17) To determine whether the triadimefon-induced hyperactivity is due to an action on CNS catecholaminergic systems, we evaluated the effects of combined treatment of triadimefon with either the tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor d,l-alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine methyl ester HCl (alpha MPT) or the amine depletor reserpine.
(18) Growth of C. albicans in the presence of AGE affected the yeast lipid in a number of ways: the total lipid content was decreased; garlic-grown yeasts had a higher level of phosphatidylserines and a lower level of phosphatidylcholines; in addition to free sterols and sterol esters, C. albicans accumulated esterified steryl glycosides; the concentration of palmitic acid (16:0) and oleic acid (18:1) increased and that of linoleic acid (18:2) and linolenic acid (18:3) decreased.
(19) In comparison with native counterparts, the in vitro-formed LDL2 and HDL + VHDL were characterized by lower levels of triglyceride and cholesterol ester and higher levels of free cholesterol and lipid phosphorus.
(20) Several histidine derivatives are not susceptible to the enzyme but do inhibit the enzyme activity competitively; the most effective inhibitors are L-histidine methyl ester (Ki = 3.66 mM) and beta-imidazole lactic acid (Ki = 3.84 mM).