(a.) Situated or growing under water, as leaves; submersed.
Example Sentences:
(1) In general a correlation exists between fish that lack or have small M-cells and a demersal habitat.
(2) The major water-soluble arsenic compound was isolated from the muscle of shortnose dogfish Squalus brevirostris and of starspotted shark Mustelus manazo, both of which are demersal sharks.
(3) Ciguateric fishes (mainly demersal reef fishes) cause a range of distressing and often debilitating gastrointestinal neurological and cardiovascular disturbances.
(4) It is suggested to differ: 1) common secondary transformation, when secondary flattening (for example, in birds) or secondary specialization (for example, in fish demersal roe) embraces the whole epithelium of the follicle.
(5) Surveys of demersal fishes and macrofaunal invertebrates in the North Atlantic indicate 1) there is little evidence of coherence and continuity of faunal zones around the ocean basin and 2) that the community concept should be abandoned because faunal assemblages only persist on a local scale.
(6) In contrast, white muscle from demersal species was unstained for the same enzymes and was devoid of mitochondria.
(7) Yolk proteins of prematuration occytes and postmaturation eggs were compared by SDS gel electrophoresis in several teleosts, including freshwater species that produce demersal eggs, estuarine and marine species with demersal eggs, and marine species with pelagic eggs.
(8) Analysis of gut contents indicates that during the day piper feed primarily on copepods, and terrestrial insects trapped on the water surface; after dark the demersal zooplankton which enter the water column form the major dietary component.
(9) Histochemical profiles and capillarisation data of the red and white muscle were compared to those of less active demersal species.
(10) Contrasting environmental conditions during embryogenesis of these two species may be reflected by the thin membrane and simple lamellar structure in the pelagic egg of the starry flounder, and the thick membrane and complex lamellar structure in the demersal egg of the pink salmon.
(11) When released into seawater, spermatozeugmata retain their structural integrity for varying periods (up to 24 hours) and become demersally distributed in still water.
(12) When gut samples were examined, the incidence was highest in demersal fish (cod and flatfish) as compared with pelagic fish (herring).
Emersed
Definition:
(a.) Standing out of, or rising above, water.
Example Sentences:
(1) Fish emersion and handling for 30 seconds significantly (P less than 0.05) altered blood PCO2, acid-base status, and hematologic and plasma biochemical values.
(2) During the first 4 hr of the emersion period, a marked rise of PCO2 entails a respiratory acidosis which is progressively compensated by a slow increase of the bicarbonate concentration; this compensation is completed after about 100 hr and the steady state mean pH value approximates that found for the immersed controls.
(3) Significant dose effects were demonstrated by analysis of variance techniques in both the injection and the emersion tests with the results showing higher percentages of dead embryos and lower total number of embryos with increasing doses of TEM.
(4) The degree of differentiation is for both cell types extremely sensitive to culture conditions such as retinoic acid concentration, emersion of the cultures, etc.
(5) Upon emersion, as soon as ventilation commenced, the whole animal showed a dilator response.
(6) The tensile strength, knot strength and stretch of polyglycolic acid (Dexon) was studied after emersion in physiological saline, sterile urine and infected urine.
(7) Changes in LDH activity, used as an indicator of anaerobic potential of muscle, were not observed, except for an 18% increase in crabs exposed to air for 24 h. The increase in blood urate content, not known as a response to emersion in decapods, appeared to be different from that observed in response to hypoxia.
(8) Samples were frozen slowly in the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen prior to emersion in liquid nitrogen (-196 degrees C).
(9) As a rule, immersion evoked an increase in MSA, with a gradual decrease on emersion.
(10) In the cheliped muscle, a transient 22% decrease in GDH activity for ammonia formation and a 48% increase in GDH activity in the reverse reaction (glutamate synthesis) occurred following 6 and 12 h of emersion, respectively.
(11) Blood samples were collected via intraaortic cannulae from immersed, unrestrained fish and from emersed, restrained fish.
(12) Metabolic adjustments occurring during air exposure have been studied in a population of Actinia equina submitted to long-lasting emersion periods.
(13) Third-stage larvae of Brugia malayi (Guizhou, China strain), in RPMI-1640, 6% DMSO and 15% calf serum, frozen slowly in the vapor phase of liquid nitrogen prior to emersion in liquid nitrogen, remained viable for as long as as 321 days and were infective to Mongolian jirds.
(14) After a review of the best surgical technics in the treatment of aortic abdominal or thoraco-abdominal aneurysms engaging its abdominal visceral branches, an infrequent situation is exposed: broken aneurysms in which, after laparatomy, its abdominal extension, proximal to renal emersion, even affecting descendent thoracic aorta, is verified.
(15) In what appears to be the antithesis of Raynaud's disease, the pain is relieved by emersion in cold.
(16) Turkey semen was stored for 24 h at 5 C in the presence or absence of added spermatozoa that were damaged by emersion in liquid nitrogen.
(17) Blood sampled after cold challenge in 15 RS patients and 15 controls show that both groups exhibit platelet activation after emersion.
(18) The investigations reported here with higher and particularly emersed plants, show what an astonishing influence the higher plants exert on organic and inorganic matter, on pH regulation, destruction of pathogenic bacteria, worms' eggs, and viruses, and also how they influence the waters and waste waters.
(19) The time course of blood acid-base changes was studied in Carcinus maenas during experimental emersion and reimmersion at 15 degrees C by measuring pH and PCO2 and calculating bicarbonate concentration.
(20) During the alternation between air breathing (emersion) and apneic phases (immersion), the pattern of the circulation in the lungfish oscillates between that of a tetrapod and a fish.