What's the difference between depolarize and depolarizer?
Depolarize
Definition:
(v. t.) To deprive of polarity; to reduce to an unpolarized condition.
(v. t.) To free from polarization, as the negative plate of the voltaic battery.
Example Sentences:
(1) These channels may, at least in some cases, be responsible for the generation of pacemaker depolarizations, thereby regulating firing behaviour.
(2) Such an increase in antibody binding occurred simultaneously with an increase in the fluidity of surface lipid regions, as monitored by fluorescence depolarization of 1-(trimethylammoniophenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene.
(3) In experiments performed to determine whether PtdIns(4,5)P2 hydrolysis induced by TRH may have been caused by the elevation of [Ca2+]i, the following results were obtained: the effect of TRH to decrease the level of PtdIns(4,5)P2 was not reproduced by the calcium ionophore A23187 or by membrane depolarization with 50 mM K+; the calcium antagonist TMB-8 did not inhibit the TRH-induced decrease in PtdIns(4,5)P2; and, most importantly, inhibition by EGTA of the elevation of [Ca2+]i did not inhibit the TRH-induced decrease in PtdIns(4,5)P2.
(4) In K+-depolarized basilar arteries, ifenprodil competitively antagonized the response to Ca2+, and this was enhanced by pre-incubation in calcium hopantenate.
(5) For dental procedures requiring tracheal intubation, one could perhaps use non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, like pancuronium, with reversal at the end of the procedure.
(6) Propranolol, 0.85 X 10(-6) M, did not significantly depress the ouabain-enhanced rate of phase 4 depolarization but did attenuate the response to epinephrine through beta blockade.
(7) The decrease in cardiac performance observed during ventricular pacing was related to the severity of asynchrony rather than the direction of the ventricular depolarization or change in regional myocardial tension.
(8) In the absence of external chloride changing the external potassium concentration from 2.8 mM to potassium-free caused a depolarization of the membrane of about 30 mV and a small increase in membrane resistance.
(9) Detailed voltage-clamp measurements revealed that ABA-activated ion currents could be reversed by depolarizations more positive than -10 mV.
(10) The analysis suggests that the wave-peak discharge results from synchronous alternation of depolarization potentials and long periods of postsynaptic inhibition in most of the cortical elements.
(11) Using the rate coefficient values found by SCoPfit, we simulated a voltage-clamp experiment with both models running under their Na(+)-Na+ exchange mode, and we computed the transient currents generated following voltage steps in both depolarizing and hyperpolarizing directions from a basic potential of -40 mV.
(12) Stepwise depolarizations from the holding potential (-67 to -83 mV) to a potential which varied from -10 to +63 mV resulted in an exponential decline of h from its initial level to a final, non-zero level.
(13) In the whole-cell current-clamp method, the cell membrane was depolarized by endothelin and then repolarized by nicorandil.
(14) Anthopleurin-A produced two distinct responses in crayfish giant axons: depolarization and prolongation of action potentials.
(15) Diltiazem also produced a slight decrease of both the steady-state current during depolarization and the tail current after repolarization in these concentration ranges, while the hyperpolarization activated current (Ih) was not affected significantly.
(16) Furthermore, it explains rapid termination of release after depolarization, even though Ca2+ concentration may still be high.
(17) Depolarizations induced by acetyl-Arg6-septide, a NK1-receptor selective agonist, were also antagonized by spantide with a pA2 of 6.5.
(18) This response seemed to be triggered mainly by the influx of Ca2+ through L-type Ca2+ channel activated by membrane depolarization, which was caused by the ATP-induced inward current.
(19) When the concentration of Ca2+ in the medium was raised to 10 mM was the only extracellular divalent cation present, the depolarization in response to A23187 was increased to 11-8 mV.
(20) Generally, more distant neurones (500-1300 microns) were excited for variable periods of time (3-15 min), while neurones in the vicinity of the injection site (0-500 microns) showed, after a brief period of excitation time, a long-lasting (up to 30 min) decrease in excitability or silencing of discharge, probably due to a depolarizing block and disturbances in the ionic composition of the extracellular space.
Depolarizer
Definition:
(n.) A substance used to prevent polarization, as upon the negative plate of a voltaic battery.
Example Sentences:
(1) These channels may, at least in some cases, be responsible for the generation of pacemaker depolarizations, thereby regulating firing behaviour.
(2) Such an increase in antibody binding occurred simultaneously with an increase in the fluidity of surface lipid regions, as monitored by fluorescence depolarization of 1-(trimethylammoniophenyl)-6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene.
(3) In experiments performed to determine whether PtdIns(4,5)P2 hydrolysis induced by TRH may have been caused by the elevation of [Ca2+]i, the following results were obtained: the effect of TRH to decrease the level of PtdIns(4,5)P2 was not reproduced by the calcium ionophore A23187 or by membrane depolarization with 50 mM K+; the calcium antagonist TMB-8 did not inhibit the TRH-induced decrease in PtdIns(4,5)P2; and, most importantly, inhibition by EGTA of the elevation of [Ca2+]i did not inhibit the TRH-induced decrease in PtdIns(4,5)P2.
(4) In K+-depolarized basilar arteries, ifenprodil competitively antagonized the response to Ca2+, and this was enhanced by pre-incubation in calcium hopantenate.
(5) For dental procedures requiring tracheal intubation, one could perhaps use non-depolarizing muscle relaxants, like pancuronium, with reversal at the end of the procedure.
(6) Propranolol, 0.85 X 10(-6) M, did not significantly depress the ouabain-enhanced rate of phase 4 depolarization but did attenuate the response to epinephrine through beta blockade.
(7) The decrease in cardiac performance observed during ventricular pacing was related to the severity of asynchrony rather than the direction of the ventricular depolarization or change in regional myocardial tension.
(8) In the absence of external chloride changing the external potassium concentration from 2.8 mM to potassium-free caused a depolarization of the membrane of about 30 mV and a small increase in membrane resistance.
(9) Detailed voltage-clamp measurements revealed that ABA-activated ion currents could be reversed by depolarizations more positive than -10 mV.
(10) The analysis suggests that the wave-peak discharge results from synchronous alternation of depolarization potentials and long periods of postsynaptic inhibition in most of the cortical elements.
(11) Using the rate coefficient values found by SCoPfit, we simulated a voltage-clamp experiment with both models running under their Na(+)-Na+ exchange mode, and we computed the transient currents generated following voltage steps in both depolarizing and hyperpolarizing directions from a basic potential of -40 mV.
(12) Stepwise depolarizations from the holding potential (-67 to -83 mV) to a potential which varied from -10 to +63 mV resulted in an exponential decline of h from its initial level to a final, non-zero level.
(13) In the whole-cell current-clamp method, the cell membrane was depolarized by endothelin and then repolarized by nicorandil.
(14) Anthopleurin-A produced two distinct responses in crayfish giant axons: depolarization and prolongation of action potentials.
(15) Diltiazem also produced a slight decrease of both the steady-state current during depolarization and the tail current after repolarization in these concentration ranges, while the hyperpolarization activated current (Ih) was not affected significantly.
(16) Furthermore, it explains rapid termination of release after depolarization, even though Ca2+ concentration may still be high.
(17) Depolarizations induced by acetyl-Arg6-septide, a NK1-receptor selective agonist, were also antagonized by spantide with a pA2 of 6.5.
(18) This response seemed to be triggered mainly by the influx of Ca2+ through L-type Ca2+ channel activated by membrane depolarization, which was caused by the ATP-induced inward current.
(19) When the concentration of Ca2+ in the medium was raised to 10 mM was the only extracellular divalent cation present, the depolarization in response to A23187 was increased to 11-8 mV.
(20) Generally, more distant neurones (500-1300 microns) were excited for variable periods of time (3-15 min), while neurones in the vicinity of the injection site (0-500 microns) showed, after a brief period of excitation time, a long-lasting (up to 30 min) decrease in excitability or silencing of discharge, probably due to a depolarizing block and disturbances in the ionic composition of the extracellular space.