What's the difference between derivative and underlying?

Derivative


Definition:

  • (a.) Obtained by derivation; derived; not radical, original, or fundamental; originating, deduced, or formed from something else; secondary; as, a derivative conveyance; a derivative word.
  • (n.) That which is derived; anything obtained or deduced from another.
  • (n.) A word formed from another word, by a prefix or suffix, an internal modification, or some other change; a word which takes its origin from a root.
  • (n.) A chord, not fundamental, but obtained from another by inversion; or, vice versa, a ground tone or root implied in its harmonics in an actual chord.
  • (n.) An agent which is adapted to produce a derivation (in the medical sense).
  • (n.) A derived function; a function obtained from a given function by a certain algebraic process.
  • (n.) A substance so related to another substance by modification or partial substitution as to be regarded as derived from it; thus, the amido compounds are derivatives of ammonia, and the hydrocarbons are derivatives of methane, benzene, etc.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The interaction of the antibody with both the bacterial and the tissue derived polysialic acids suggests that the conformational epitope critical for the interaction is formed by both classes of compounds.
  • (2) The vascular endothelium is capable of regulating tissue perfusion by the release of endothelium-derived relaxing factor to modulate vasomotor tone of the resistance vasculature.
  • (3) Leumorphin is a 29-amino-acid peptide derived from preproenkephalin B. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.)
  • (4) A full-length cDNA encoding porcine heart aconitase was derived from lambda gt10 recombinant clones and by amplification of the 5' end of the mRNA.
  • (5) In animal experiments pharmacological properties of the low molecular weight heparin derivative CY 216 were determined.
  • (6) In addition to their involvement in thrombosis, activated platelets release growth factors, most notably a platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) which may be the principal mediator of smooth muscle cell migration from the media into the intima and of smooth muscle cell proliferation in the intima as well as of vasoconstriction.
  • (7) Release of 51Cr was apparently a function of immune thymus-derived lymphocytes (T cells) because it was abrogated by prior incubation of spleen cells with anti-thymus antiserum and complement but was undiminished by passage of spleen cells through nylon-wool columns.
  • (8) PMNs could be primed for PMA-triggered oxidative burst by muramyl peptide molecules (MDP) and two of its adjuvant active nonpyrogenic derivatives.
  • (9) Recent studies have shown that an aberration in platelet-derived growth factor gene expression is unlikely to be a factor in proliferation of smooth-muscle cells.
  • (10) The macrophage-derived product, interleukin 1 (IL 1) is thought to play an important regulatory role in the proliferation of T lymphocytes; however, its mechanism of action is unknown.
  • (11) In the upper limb and facial forms of familial amyloidotic polyneuropathy first recorded in Swiss and Finns respectively, the differences in their patterns of neurological disease and ocular lesions could be the result of their amyloids deriving from proteins other than prealbumin.
  • (12) The antiproliferative activity of IFN was studied using the parental L cell line, a tk- derivative, and a tk- (tk+) subline into which the tk gene of herpes simplex virus was introduced.
  • (13) Bipolar derivations with the maximum PSE always included the locations with the maximum PSE obtained from a linked ears reference.
  • (14) Only those derivatives with a free amino group and net positive charge in the side chain were effective.
  • (15) Northern blot analysis with an 18-mer radiolabelled oligonucleotide, derived from an ALP specific cDNA clone, revealed a specific mRNA of about 700-800 nucleotides in HS-24 tumor cells.
  • (16) The mortality data were derived from the reports by Miyagi Prefectural Government.
  • (17) Ferrocene derivatives, in general, show a degree of versatility, coupling the electron-transfer reactions of many enzymes.
  • (18) The ADAM derivative of carnitine was separated from decomposition products of the reagent and related compounds such as amino acid derivatives on a silica gel column eluted with methanol-5% aqueous SDS-phosphoric acid (990:10:1).
  • (19) This doxorubicin derivative did not bind to Sepharose which was conjugated with cardiac actin.
  • (20) In the triploids, the 40 female chromosomes present (mouse, n = 20) were derived from a single diploid pronucleus formed after the extrusion of a first polar body, and following the monospermic fertilization of primary oocytes.

Underlying


Definition:

  • (a.) Lying under or beneath; hence, fundamental; as, the underlying strata of a locality; underlying principles.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The resulting dose distribution is displayed using traditional 2-dimensional displays or as an isodose surface composited with underlying anatomy and the target volume.
  • (2) Because of the short detachment interval, and the absence of underlying pathology or trauma, the recovery process described here probably represents an example of optimum recovery after retinal reattachment.
  • (3) Steroids are not recommended because they may compromise defenses against an underlying disease process.
  • (4) The results obtained further knowledge of the anatomy of the nuclei, specifically the areas used for the prosthesis implantation and the underlying tissue.
  • (5) The final model has a probability 0.08 of underlying survival time being zero and, given non-zero survival time, takes the form of an exponential distribution with mean of 14.95 months.
  • (6) Certain underlying factors in several types of retinal degeneration are first discussed, followed by characteristics of diabetic maculopathy and of other types of macular degeneration including that due to aging.
  • (7) Contributing factors could include advanced age and underlying clinical or subclinical brain disease.
  • (8) In all cases, the evaluation depends on the continuous observance of the patients, taking into account any underlying primary illness (alcoholism, cerebral vascular disease, conditions following brain surgery or trauma).
  • (9) Recent rapid developments in molecular biology have started to clarify the underlying pathophysiology of various neurological diseases.
  • (10) The aim of this study was clarify the physiopathological mechanisms underlying atrial pauses as well as to evaluate the sensitivity of sinoatrial conduction time (SACT) directly measured on SNE and of SACT estimated with the indirect Strauss method with respect to the detection of SSS.
  • (11) The second has various underlying diseases, such as chronic hypertension or renal disease, etc..
  • (12) Skeletal muscle mtDNA of three patients with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, characterized clinically by myoclonic epilepsy and ragged-red fiber (MERRF) syndrome, has been sequenced to determine the underlying molecular defect(s).
  • (13) Alveoli underlying the plasma membrane sometimes contain binding sites, particularly on their outer membranes.
  • (14) Predictions were comparatively poor for the underlying disorder category (10%).
  • (15) Both IGF-I and growth hormone have the potential to improve muscle mass and function in patients who are catabolic due to the severity of their underlying disease state.
  • (16) The mechanisms underlying the three types of Cd effects on the frog skin were discussed in relation to the Na, K-ATPase activity.
  • (17) The median age of patients with bacteremia of unknown origin was 65 years, and their most common underlying disorders were solid malignancy (28% of patients) and diabetes mellitus (18%).
  • (18) We postulate that an abnormality in retinal dopaminergic neurons, which are known to reduce light responsiveness of horizontal and ganglion cells, is the underlying pathophysiology of this clinical finding.
  • (19) The development of renal insufficiency during enalapril therapy may be exacerbated by concomitant diuretic therapy and should raise the suspicion of underlying transplant renal-artery stenosis.
  • (20) In each case the finding of anti-neutrophil cytoplasm antibodies (ANCA) strongly suggested an underlying vasculitic pathology, Wegener's granulomatosis.