(v. i. & t.) To alight, or to cause to alight, from a railway train.
Example Sentences:
(1) Tissue samples were obtained from m. vastus lateralis using the biopsy technique before and after 19 weeks of training, and after four weeks of detraining.
(2) An additional ten subjects terminated training and acted as controls (detraining group).
(3) These results suggest that physical training increases insulin action, and that this effect could be reversed to the control levels within 38 h after detraining.
(4) The purpose of this study was to measure the effects of a 10 week training, 3 week detraining cycle upon heart, muscle and adipose tissue of the rat.
(5) Results indicate that changes in lipids stores associated with starvation and refeeding and exercise and detraining are not associated with similar changes in enzyme activity.
(6) Whether the differences in the post-pubertal groups due to a detraining effect in the post-pubertal control boys (as compared to the pre-pubertal control group) or to a continued high level of physical activity during and after the on-set of puberty in trained boys cannot be answered by this study.
(7) These may persist in diminishing degree for several weeks, but have to be weighed against the detraining effect produced by the repeated venesection required to obtain an adequate amount of stored blood for autologous reinfusion.
(8) Healthy males were examined before and after 12 weeks of accommodated resistance training (three week-1) and after 12 weeks of detraining.
(9) We conclude that the relatively high VO2max in the detrained Thoroughbred racehorse is dependent on the generation of a large C(a-v)O2, despite development of hypoxaemia and haemoglobin desaturation, during strenuous exercise.
(10) There were no significant changes in systolic diameter or function and left ventricular wall thicknesses were unchanged during training, but were thinned after 2 weeks subsequent detraining.
(11) Training-induced strength gains appear to decay during detraining, and maintenance training consisting of only one training session per week appears to be ineffective in preserving prior strength gains.
(12) The parallel findings of decreased in vivo insulin action and decreased insulin binding in young erythrocytes suggest that modulation of in vivo insulin response by detraining may be at least partially mediated by changes in insulin receptor number.
(13) They increased during detraining but not to levels seen in UT.
(14) Hormonal responses to insulin-induced hypoglycemia were studied in seven endurance-trained young male athletes at the onset and the termination of a 31- to 44-day period of detraining necessitated by a sports injury that required leg casting.
(15) A decrease in enzyme activity occurred after 5 weeks detraining.
(16) Half the number of subjects were restudied after a four-month detraining period.
(17) Similar to GLUT4, citrate synthase activity showed no change after 1 day or 1 week of training, increased 1.8-fold over controls after 6 weeks of training, but returned to control values after 7 days detraining.
(18) Whether this detraining is an inevitable factor associated with pregnancy or whether exercising throughout pregnancy can ameliorate the decline in aerobic capacity postpartum is uncertain.
(19) All the enzymes that responded to the first training protocol maintained their elevated activities over the detraining period except for the enzyme oxoglutarate dehydrogenase.
(20) While deficient exercise performance of sick children results from hypoactivity and detraining, it can also be caused by specific pathophysiological factors.
Entrain
Definition:
(v. t.) To draw along as a current does; as, water entrained by steam.
(v. t.) To put aboard a railway train; as, to entrain a regiment.
(v. i.) To go aboard a railway train; as, the troops entrained at the station.
Example Sentences:
(1) Young and old mice were entrained to an LD 12:12 cycle, and then physiological and behavioral performance was monitored by a data-acquisition system.
(2) We conclude from this study that there is little or no seasonal photoperiodic entrainment of the antler and testicular cycles of males in this population of axis deer.
(3) The air entrainment devices from oxygen masks of four manufacturers (Henleys Medical Supplies Ltd, Vickers Medical, Intersurgical Ltd, C R Bard International Ltd) were studied.
(4) We conclude that: (1) two of the previously proposed criteria for diagnosis of entrainment (fixed fusion on the surface electrocardiogram and a first postpacing interval equal to the paced cycle length) are overly restrictive criteria for definition of "entrainment" of VT, (2) analysis of endocardial recordings from the site of origin of tachycardia during attempted entrainment of VT is useful for documenting the presence of entrainment, and (3) such analysis provides a basis for the understanding of surface electrocardiographic phenomenon associated with entrainment.
(5) These observations indicate that the central neural mechanisms responsible for the generation and entrainment of circadian rhythmicity in the rat are not capable of either the functional or morphological plasticity characteristic of other developing neural systems.
(6) Serious discrepancies between predicted and measured inspired oxygen levels delivered by these machines can occur and the advisability of using air entrainment devices in high oxygen dependent patients is questioned.
(7) After 6 and 9-h advance and delay shifts of the LD cycle, the 3 species of finches similarly re-entrained their activity rhythms in the direction of the shifted zeitgeber.
(8) Entrainment with a phase-delay or a phase-advance was apparent after 11L:11D and 14L:14D, but the individual rhythms were not all synchronized with respect to each other after 10L:10D.
(9) The results can be summarized as follows: (a) the daily estimated durations of sleep and wakefulness were positively correlated with the actual durations in all but one subject; (b) sleep and wake times were better estimated in the presence of a light-dark cycle even if the subjects were not entrained by the zeitgeber; (c) for both episodes, there was a consistent trend from an overestimation of relatively short to an underestimation of long durations; (d) with equal durations in the two episodes, sleep was estimated to be shorter than wake time; (e) the most accurate estimates centered around 10.5 h of sleep and 13.5 h of wake time; (f) the sleep and wake times added up to 24 h in subjects who did not deliberately "compensate" for relatively long sleep estimates with a short wake estimate, with the full cycle being adjusted to 24 h.
(10) In a group of the MS-DB units with stable background theta bursts the typical response consisting of entrainment of the phase-locked theta cycles was changed neither by physostigmine, nor by cholinergic-blocking drugs (scopolamine and atropine).
(11) The electroretinogram (ERG) was recorded in the dark from photo-entrained albino rabbits, using a constant-intensity, 500-nm, 50- or 100-msec stimulus at 1-min intervals.
(12) The onset of AA (phase angle of entrainment) appeared to be more sensitive to the time of food availability than to its termination.
(13) The jet entrains clot and resulting fragments and brings them into the high-velocity region for lysis and removal.
(14) The purpose of these experiments was to establish whether or not the relation of sympathetic to phrenic nerve activity shows properties consistent with the hypothesis that the inspiration-related sympathetic discharge is driven by a neural oscillator, independent of, but coupled and stably entrained to, the brain-stem respiratory oscillator.
(15) We assembled and evaluated a low-pressure plenum system, based upon the Farman entrainer, which was adaptable to spontaneous, assisted or intermittent positive pressure ventilation (IPPV).
(16) Hamsters were given bilateral infusions of the selective neurotoxin during entrainment to a light-dark cycle (LD) of 14:10 h. At a later time, animals were transferred to constant light (LL) or dark (DD) for a prolonged period.
(17) Blinding or constant darkness frees the clock of entrainment by allowing it to run faster or slower than 24 hr.
(18) The axons of the pigmented cells terminate in the neuropil of the protocerebral bridge, together with neuronal elements that label with antibodies against serotonin and substance P. We suggest that the brain photoreceptors of the crayfish are important in the entrainment of circadian rhythms.
(19) A small but significant (p less than 0.01) disruption of phase entrainment was also noted that recovered within the same period.
(20) Two points are emphasized: (1) The amplitude of the pacemaker's daily oscillation declines as the duration of the entraining light pulse (photoperiod) is increased; and (2) the duration of the daily photoperiods throughout the breeding season is steadily increased as one moves toward the poles.