(n.) A translucent, gummy, amorphous substance, nearly tasteless and odorless, used as a substitute for gum, for sizing, etc., and obtained from starch by the action of heat, acids, or diastase. It is of somewhat variable composition, containing several carbohydrates which change easily to their respective varieties of sugar. It is so named from its rotating the plane of polarization to the right; -- called also British gum, Alsace gum, gommelin, leiocome, etc. See Achroodextrin, and Erythrodextrin.
Example Sentences:
(1) The restricted substrate specificity indicated the assignment of the enzyme to be an oligo-1,6-glucosidase (dextrin 6-alpha-glucanohydrolase; EC 3.2.1.10), but it was suggested that it could be a new type of oligo-1,6-glucosidase on the basis of its action on a series of (1----4)-alpha-malto-oligosaccharides.
(2) After immunochemical analyses carried out in agarose gel, alpha-amylase characterization was performed by using beta-limit dextrin followed by iodine staining.
(3) These enzymes are produced in media containing starch or dextrins.
(4) During balance periods of 3 days, while the infants were receiving known dietary quantities of the starch to be tested, the fecal content of lactic acid, glucose, dextrins, and starch was measured.
(5) Addition of Tris to the assay inhibited enzyme activity in fibroblast homogenates of the patients and of controls to the same extent and had no effect on the distribution of the label between supernatant and limit dextrin after beta-amylolysis of the labeled glycogen.
(6) Tissues of treated animals demonstrated ethanol-induced decreases of roughly one-half those of the maltose dextrin (isocaloric) and water (fluid control) groups.
(7) Also the enzyme acted on beta-limit dextrins of amylopectin and glycogen to form branched oligosaccharides.
(8) The renal toxicity of the Schardinger dextrins, alpha and beta-cyclodextrin, is manifested as a series of alterations in the vacuolar organelles of the proximal convoluted tubule.
(9) B6D2F1 mice were paid-fed liquid diets containing either 25% ethanol-derived calories or an isocaloric amount of maltose-dextrin on days 12 to 17 of gestation.
(10) We had earlier shown that linear dextrin chains display amphiphilic properties, since all the hydroxyl groups are disposed on one side or face of the chain and the hydrogens disposed on the other.
(11) In the present study, female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups each fed Wayne Rodent-Blox ad libitum or Lieber-DeCarli diet with 36% of maltose dextrin calories replaced with ethanol ad libitum, or isocaloric amounts of liquid diet for a period of 21 months resulting in changes of chronic pancreatitis in ethanol-fed rats.
(12) From the digest of beta-limit dextrin (prepared from glutinous rice starch) with saccharifying alpha-amylase of Bacillus subtilis [EC 3.2.1.1] (BSA), two extensibely branched dextrins consisting of nine (No.
(13) The low-fiber diet consisted of milk, glucose, and dextrins in liquid formula form, the high-fiber diet was composed of starchy foods.
(14) The enzyme had a very low but significant activity on pullulan and on alpha-dextrins having maltosyl side-chains.
(15) After the exhaustive exercise and taking a muscle biopsy the subjects either exercised at 40% Wmax for 3 h (trial A) or rested for 3 h (trial B), during which they consumed approximately 2 l of a 25% malto-dextrine drink in both trials.
(16) Satisfactory recoveries were obtained only with mA agar (Rippey & Cabelli) and dextrin-fuchsin-sulphite agar (Schubert), but neither was sufficiently selective.
(17) Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either a liquid diet containing 5% ethanol or an identical volume of diet made isocaloric with maltose-dextrin (pair-fed controls).
(18) Glycogen beta-limit dextrin and amylopectin were more slowly hydrolysed, the detection of the hydrolysis of amylopectin being dependent on enzyme concentration.
(19) To further investigate carbohydrate satiety in the Zucker rat, the short-term feeding behavior of obese and lean rats was observed following intragastric infusions (7.2 kcal in 10 ml) of corn starch and the starch hydrolysates Polycose and dextrin.
(20) A coculture system containing S. ruminantium as a dextrin-utilizing species and each of the three amylolytic bacteria was developed to test whether the products of starch hydrolysis were available for crossfeeding to another ruminal bacterium.
Maltose
Definition:
(n.) A crystalline sugar formed from starch by the action of distance of malt, and the amylolytic ferment of saliva and pancreatic juice. It resembles dextrose, but rotates the plane of polarized light further to the right and possesses a lower cupric oxide reducing power.
Example Sentences:
(1) One surprising finding is that the MAL1g-encoded maltose permease exhibits little sequence homology to the MAL1-encoded maltose permease though they appear to be functionally homologous.
(2) To gain further insight into the side chain requirement at position 177 that confers maltose recognition, further substitutions of isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, proline, and serine have been made via site-directed mutagenesis.
(3) Whereas fructokinase I was induced specifically by growth of the organism on sucrose, fructokinase II was derepressed during growth on ribose, galactose, maltose, and lactulose.
(4) After 2 hr of reperfusion, maltose absorption and weight gain of small intestine were determined.
(5) Maltose-positive strains were only demonstrable in birds with wounds inflicted by cats.
(6) In acting upon beta-D-glucosyl fluoride, maltose phosphorylase was found to use alpha-D-glucose as a cosubstrate but not beta-D-glucose or other close analogs (e.g., alpha-D-glucosyl fluoride) lacking an axial 1-OH group.
(7) One class II mutant carried a Tn10 insertion in or close to malT whereas in the remaining class II mutants the insertions were located at least 4 kb upstream of pulA in a region which may define a new regulatory locus of the maltose operon.
(8) The Cs cob.1 ORF was cloned into the vector pMALcr1 and over-expressed as a hybrid protein fused to maltose-binding protein (MBP).
(9) Monitoring of the intestinal allograft is possible with the combination of a function test (maltose absorption, glucose absorption, or any other function test) and repeated graft biopsy.
(10) Relocation of this segment, in effect, opens the D-glucose channel; maltose and cytochalasin B would thus inhibit transport by mechanisms which block this positional change.
(11) The action pattern on amylose, soluble starch, and glycogen showed that the products were maltose and maltotriose.
(12) The concentration of free glucose in the intestinal lumen during maltose absorption is not high enough to account for the rates of glucose transport observed.
(13) Mutants in malF and malK are defective in maltose transport at low concentrations as well as high concentrations, as previously shown, but are essentially normal in maltose taxis.
(14) Fibers were selected for this experiment, only if they responded to 1.0 M sucrose or 1.0 M maltose and they responded poorly to 0.1 M NaCl.
(15) Under our experimental conditions 20 to 30% of the administered maltose have been excreted and 7.5 to 23.4% have been oxidized within 8 hours.
(16) Renal excretion of sugar measures 25-35% of the maltose administered parenterally.
(17) Domestic and imported honey samples (115) contained 2.00% maltose and 0.71% isomaltose.
(18) SP-D can be selectively and efficiently eluted from isolated rat surfactant with glucose, maltose, and certain other saccharides.
(19) Studies were made on the ultraviolet difference-spectra of glucoamylase from Rhizopus niveus [EC 3.2.1.3] specifically produced by the substrate maltose and the inhibitors, glucose, glucono-1: 5-lactone (gluconolactone), methyl beta-D-glucoside, cellubiose, and cyclohexa-, and cyclohepta-amyloses.
(20) These results suggest that the structure of the reducing glucose is not important in the binding specificity of maltoporin or maltose-binding protein.