(n.) A disease which is attended with a persistent, excessive discharge of urine. Most frequently the urine is not only increased in quantity, but contains saccharine matter, in which case the disease is generally fatal.
Example Sentences:
(1) All rats were examined in the conscious, unrestrained state 12 wk after induction of diabetes or acidified saline (pH 4.5) injection.
(2) The main finding of this study is that diabetic adolescents with a high erythrocyte Na,Li countertransport rate have an arterial pressure significantly higher than patients with normal Na,Li countertransport fluxes.
(3) 5 pregnant insulin-dependent diabetics were also studied.
(4) 278 children with bronchial asthma were medically, socially and psychologically compared to 27 rheumatic and 19 diabetic children.
(5) Based on several previous studies, which demonstrated that sorbitol accumulation in human red blood cells (RBCs) was a function of ambient glucose concentrations, either in vitro or in vivo, our investigations were conducted to determine if RBC sorbitol accumulation would correlate with sorbitol accumulation in lens and nerve tissue of diabetic rats; the effect of sorbinil in reducing sorbitol levels in lens and nerve tissue of diabetic rats would be reflected by changes in RBC sorbitol; and sorbinil would reduce RBC sorbitol in diabetic man.
(6) The difference in HDL and HDL2 cholesterol concentrations between the MI+ and MI- groups or between the MI+ and CHD- groups persisted after adjustment by analysis of covariance for the effect of physical activity, alcohol intake, obesity, duration of diabetes, and glycemic control.
(7) Obesity in the Pimas is familial and has complex relationships with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, a common disease in this population.
(8) Maternal diabetes and antihistamine use during the last 2 weeks of pregnancy were associated with significantly higher rates of retrolental fibroplasia, whereas toxemia was associated with lower rates.
(9) Treatment for diabetic neuropathy remains inadequate.
(10) Current recommendations regarding contraception in patients with diabetes are not appropriate for the adolescent population and therefore tend to support this phenomenon rather than relieve it.
(11) There was no correlation between disturbed gastric clearance, impaired gall bladder contraction, and prolonged colonic transit time in the patients with cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy nor was there a correlation between any disturbed motor function and age or duration of diabetes.
(12) From the present results it is concluded that secretion of extrapancreatic glucagon increased in response to arginine infusion in the diabetic state, both alloxan diabetic dogs and one-week post-pancreatectomized dogs.
(13) The prevalence of diabetes was 36% higher among San Antonio Mexican Americans than among Mexicans in Mexico City; this difference was highly statistically significant (age- and sex-adjusted prevalence ratio 1.36, P = 0.006).
(14) None of the animals injected with either CD4+ or CD8+ T cells became overtly diabetic during the 30 days of observation whereas 8 of 23 mice inoculated with a mixture of the two subsets developed glycosuria and hyperglycemia.
(15) Cytosolic-to-mitochondrial ratios from maximal initial rates after correction for mitochondrial breakage were increased above controls in diabetic hearts for nucleoside diphosphokinase and aspartate aminotransferase.
(16) IgG antibody titres to Coxsackie B1-B6 were measured in 113 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) patients whose mean age was 12.2 years and mean duration of IDDM was 4.6 years, and in 87 normal sibling controls whose mean age was 13.8 years.
(17) Acute effects of insulin on protein metabolism (whole body and forearm muscle) were simultaneously assessed using doubly labelled (13C15N) leucine in post-absorptive Type I diabetic patients.
(18) Efficacy and tolerability of perorally administered desmopressin were evaluated in 12 adult patients suffering from central diabetes insipidus.
(19) It is suggested that diabetes causes selective changes in the functioning of Gi in adipocyte membranes which removes the tonic GTP-dependent inhibitory function of this G-protein.
(20) Cholera toxin-catalysed ADP-ribosylation identified two forms of Gs alpha-subunits whose labelling was about 4-fold greater in membranes from diabetic animals compared with those from lean animals.
Sugar
Definition:
(n.) A sweet white (or brownish yellow) crystalline substance, of a sandy or granular consistency, obtained by crystallizing the evaporated juice of certain plants, as the sugar cane, sorghum, beet root, sugar maple, etc. It is used for seasoning and preserving many kinds of food and drink. Ordinary sugar is essentially sucrose. See the Note below.
(n.) By extension, anything resembling sugar in taste or appearance; as, sugar of lead (lead acetate), a poisonous white crystalline substance having a sweet taste.
(n.) Compliment or flattery used to disguise or render acceptable something obnoxious; honeyed or soothing words.
(v. i.) In making maple sugar, to complete the process of boiling down the sirup till it is thick enough to crystallize; to approach or reach the state of granulation; -- with the preposition off.
(v. t.) To impregnate, season, cover, or sprinkle with sugar; to mix sugar with.
(v. t.) To cover with soft words; to disguise by flattery; to compliment; to sweeten; as, to sugar reproof.
Example Sentences:
(1) These results demonstrate that increased availability of galactose, a high-affinity substrate for the enzyme, leads to increased aldose reductase messenger RNA, which suggests a role for aldose reductase in sugar metabolism in the lens.
(2) In addition to the changes associated with blood group A, we also found a decrease in sugar content, alterations in other antigens, and changes in the levels of several glycosyltransferases in cancerous tissues.
(3) Their contour lengths varied from 0.28 to 51 micron, but unlike in the case of maize, a large difference was not observed in the distribution of molecular classes greater than 1.0 micron between N and S cytoplasms of sugar beet.
(4) As a group, the three mammalian proteins resemble bovine serum conglutinin and behave as lectins with rather broad sugar specificities directed at certain non-reducing terminal N-acetylglucosamine, mannose, glucose and fucose residues, but with subtle differences in fine specificities.
(5) TK1 showed the most restricted substrate specificity but tolerated 3'-modifications of the sugar ring and some 5-substitutions of the pyrimidine ring.
(6) 500-MHz H-NMR spectroscopy of the oligosaccharides derived from gamma-seminoprotein, a human seminal plasma glycoprotein, revealed considerable microheterogeneity both with respect to the degree of branching and with regard to the peripheral sugars.
(7) The percentage of energy from fat and added sugars and the amount of sodium and fibre in the diet tended to increase with energy intake.
(8) D-Mannitol has not so far been known as a major product of sugar metabolism by yeasts.
(9) The concentration dependences of response of frog tongue to D-fructose, D-glucose, and sucrose were almost the same, D-galactose, however, elicited a much larger response in comparison with the other sugars in the whole range of concentrations examined.
(10) A brevibacterium, strain TH-4, previously isolated by aerobic enrichment on the monocyclic monoterpenoid cis-terpin hydrate as a sole carbon and energy source, was found to grow on alpha-terpineol and on a number of common sugars and organic acids.
(11) These results provide no support for the claims that aprotinin prevents the activation of sugar transport in muscle by contractile activity or that bradykinin is the muscle activity hypoglycemia factor.
(12) Increased erythrocyte levels of the pyrimidine-sugar UDP-glucose were also found in patients with the highest orotidine levels.
(13) Each of the three A toxins consists of a single basic polypeptide chain of 93 to 99 residues, cross-linked by three or four disulfide bonds, lacking reducing sugar and cysteinyl residues.
(14) Well-refined x-ray structures of the liganded forms of the wild-type and a mutant protein isolated from a strain defective in chemotaxis but fully competent in transport have provided a molecular view of the sugar-binding site and of a site for interacting with the Trg transmembrane signal transducer.
(15) Two newly discovered enzymes have the capacity to metabolize these sugars but are not essential for their catabolism in wild-type cells.
(16) Often, flavorings such as chocolate and strawberry and sugars are added to low-fat and skim milk to make up for the loss of taste when the fat is removed.
(17) All components studied, namely amino-sugars, hexoses and neuraminic acid increased with age in men.
(18) The presence of serum in the phagocytosis assay did not affect either phagocytosis of Phz-treated RBCs or inhibition by sugars.
(19) In addition, 5-imino-derivatives of daunorubicin modified at sugar moiety were less effective in stimulating NADH oxidation and oxygen radical production than 5-iminodaunorubicin itself.
(20) Photobinding of 8-methoxypsoralen to 2'-deoxyadenosine also occurs, with covalent bond formation between carbon 3 or 4 of the pyrone ring and the sugar moiety of the nucleoside.