(a.) Divalent; -- said of a base or radical as capable of saturating two acid monad radicals or a dibasic acid. Cf. Dibasic, a., and Biacid.
Example Sentences:
(1) Adsorption of bovine serum albumin and gamma-globulin increased when the membrane was grafted with poly(ethylene glycol)-diacid, but did not change when it was grafted with poly(ethylene glycol)-monoacid.
(2) The nasal explant-mediated metabolism of MMA and MMG to their corresponding diacids paralleled the increases in acid phosphatase release.
(3) Ramipril is a long-acting non-sulphydryl converting enzyme inhibitor that requires cleavage of its ester group to form the active diacid metabolite, ramiprilat.
(4) The inhibitory action of enalaprilat was abolished quickly by washing the aortic strip with drug-free solution, whereas that of CS-622 diacid was abolished only slowly.
(5) Incubation of human isolated bronchi with phosphoramidon or thiorphan (10-5M) or with enalapril diacid or captopril did not modify the leftward shift of the concentration-response curve for big ET-1 after epithelium removal.6.
(6) Enalapril maleate (MK-421), a nonmercapto-containing angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, is converted in vivo to enalaprilat (MK-422), the active diacid.
(7) The structure skeleton consists of four parts, the naphthalene nucleus connected to the 5-membered ring, a 17-membered ring connected to C2, a dimethyl butane diacid extended out from C20, beta-D-3,4-OO' methylenedigitoxose passing through an oxygen bridge O6 and linked to C27 of ansa ring.
(8) Clinically, dicarboxylic acids have a cytotoxic effect on the abnormally hyperactive and malignant epidermal melanocyte, and diacids from C8 to C13 have been shown to inhibit mitochondrial oxidoreductases.
(9) Enalapril diacid (MK 422) also dose-dependently decreased 22Na effluxes but it was approximately 10 fold less active.
(10) MDL 27,210 administered iv to monkeys and dogs was rapidly and extensively (greater than 99.9%) metabolized, primarily to its diacid metabolite, MDL 27,088.
(11) Orally administered delapril is a prodrug and must be deesterified to its active metabolites, delapril diacid and 5-hydroxy delapril diacid.
(12) These diacid compounds were more active than enalaprilic acid or captopril.
(13) Binding of 125I MK351A to rat serum ACE was reduced in a concentration dependent manner in vitro by the ACE inhibitors MK521 (lisinopril), S9780, and Ro 31-3113-000 (Cilazapril diacid).
(14) The diacidic acids, glutamic and homocysteic, were more active than the amido-amino acids, glutamine and asparagine.
(15) Compared with other ACE inhibitors, which are mainly excreted through the kidney, the plasma concentration of the active diacid metabolite was hardly influenced by renal function.
(16) Normal cells in culture exposed to the same concentrations of the diacid that are toxic for tumoral cells are in general not damaged.
(17) Again, BPD-MA and BPD-MB proved to be measurably better than the diacid analogues.
(18) Evidence in support of the conclusion that the mutase and dehydrogenase reactions are catalyzed at two similar but distinct active sites comes from the following results: (1) A substrate analogue (endo-oxabicyclic diacid) that inhibits competitively the mutase reaction has no effect on the dehydrogenase reaction.
(19) The metabolism and biliary excretion of the diacid angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors enalapril, lisinopril, perindopril and ramipril have been studied in an isolated perfused rat liver model.
(20) FPL 63547, in its active diacid form, was a potent inhibitor of rabbit lung angiotension converting enzyme (ACE) in vitro (IC50 0.51 nM).
Dibasic
Definition:
(a.) Having two acid hydrogen atoms capable of replacement by basic atoms or radicals, in forming salts; bibasic; -- said of acids, as oxalic or sulphuric acids. Cf. Diacid, Bibasic.
Example Sentences:
(1) It is concluded that in this cell type (i) somatostatin-14 is exclusively generated by dibasic cleavage at the Arg-2-Lys-1 site of the intact precursor with concomitant production of prosomatostatin[1-76], and (ii) no direct interactions between the monobasic and dibasic processing domains occur.
(2) Lysine uptake is inhibited by other dibasic amino acids, arginine and ornithine but not cystine.
(3) Translation of the cDNA revealed a 138-amino acid precursor consisting of the Mas-DH amino acid sequence bounded by dibasic amino acid processing sites, a putative signal sequence, and additional peptide sequence on either side of the Mas-DH coding sequence.
(4) Chromatographic separation was accomplished under isocratic conditions using a reversed-phase C-18 analytical column and mobile phase consisting of equal parts of 75 mM dibasic ammonium phosphate buffer (adjusted to pH 3.5 with phosphoric acid) and acetonitrile, with a detection wavelength of 220 nm.
(5) In the present series of experiments we have used a combined kinetic and genetic approach to establish that dibasic amino acids are also asc substrates, systems asc1 and asc2 representing the only mediated routes of cationic amino acid transport in horse erythrocytes.
(6) The biosynthesized precursor contains hormone and neurophysin sequences linked by a Gly-Lys-Arg sequence and undergoes enzymatic processing reactions which include endoproteolytic cleavage at the Lys-Arg dibasic sequence, carboxypeptidase B-like exoproteolytic cleavage, and enzymatic amidation.
(7) These results demonstrate that AtT-20 cells efficiently and accurately process prodynorphin at both dibasic sites and monobasic cleavage sites, indicating that the AtT-20 cells contain enzymes capable of cleaving the precursor not only at dibasic residues but also at monobasic residues.
(8) Maturation of pro-von Willebrand factor (vWF) to its active form requires proteolytic processing after a pair of dibasic amino acids (-LysArg-) at residue 763.
(9) From the deduced amino acid sequence, a biosynthetic pathway has been proposed that a prepro- form of porcine ET-1 is initially processed by dibasic pair proteolysis to a 39-amino acid intermediate form (big ET), which is then converted to ET-1 by specific proteolytic cleavage between Trp21 and Val22.
(10) Additional mitomycin admixtures were reconstituted with a buffer solution containing monobasic and dibasic sodium phosphate; these were diluted with 5% dextrose injection only.
(11) Lysine uptake is membrane potential sensitive and inhibitable by cystine, dibasic amino acids, and cycloleucine.
(12) The short form translation product should lack only an internal dibasic tetrapeptide.
(13) Esters of dibasic carboxylic acids show a minute but marked effect on the partition of proteins in general while malate and tartrate esters affect strongly the partition of chloroplast membranes.
(14) In addition to paired dibasic residues at the propeptide cleavage site, many proteins, including vWF, also contain an arginine at the P4 position.
(15) From these results it can be concluded that both the "dibasic" cleavage between vasopressin and MSEL-neurophysin and the "monobasic" cleavage between MSEL-neurophysin and copeptin occur within the granule compartment.
(16) Target compounds were made by treating N-(trifluoroacetyl)-14-halodaunorubicin (bromo or iodo) with monosodium salts of dibasic acids (malonic, succinic, glutaric, adipic, pimelic, azelaic, sebacic) in aqueous acetone.
(17) Lysobactin is a dibasic peptide with marked activity against Gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria.
(18) A small proportion of the VIP precursor followed a pathway in which the dibasic conversion site after PHM is not cleaved, as evidenced by the presence of a C-terminally extended form of PHM.
(19) These cultured cells, therefore, seem to be an excellent model system for the eventual elucidation of a) the inticacies of cystine metabolism and b) regulation of 1) the cystine-dibasic amino acid co-transporter system and 2) the development of the cysteine-glutamate anti-porter system.
(20) Lysine was reabsorped by a saturable transport system shared by the dibasics.