(n.) A coalition or union of two vowel sounds pronounced in one syllable; as, ou in out, oi in noise; -- called a proper diphthong.
(n.) A vowel digraph; a union of two vowels in the same syllable, only one of them being sounded; as, ai in rain, eo in people; -- called an improper diphthong.
(v. t.) To form or pronounce as a diphthong; diphthongize.
Example Sentences:
(1) The clustering in the present song, however, may also be due to a tendency for a mid vowel to be realized as a higher-beginning diphthong, which is characteristic of the North-Estonian coastal dialect area where the singers come from.
(2) Those confusions occurring in visual diphthong recognition tended to shift toward the stressed vowel element of the diphthong or to a vowel produced in a manner similar to the stressed element.
(3) This paper describes a successful experiment of creating several different diphthongs by judicious choice of the phase angles of a flat-spectrum waveform.
(4) Pronunciation of the diphthong La... La... La... causes upward and forward projection of the prosthesis.
(5) The effects of reverberation on the perception of vowels and diphthongs were evaluated using 10 subjects with moderate sensorineural hearing losses.
(6) The effects of noise and reverberation on the identification of monophthongs and diphthongs were evaluated for ten subjects with moderate sensorineural hearing losses.
(7) Electromyography records contraction of the mylo-hyoid during pronunciation of these diphthongs.
(8) In addition, a feature related to overall area of maximum lip opening and two features unique to diphthong perception were tentatively identified.
(9) This study investigated vowel and diphthong lipreading performance from 0 degree and 90 degree angles of observation.
(10) It appears that modifications in relative timing may be due to adjustments in the jaw cycle as a result of the compound nature of jaw movement for diphthongs as compared to vowels, with further modifications due to the effect of stress on these compound movements.
(11) Four vowels, [i], [a], [e], [u], and one diphthong [ou], produced by two male and two female tracheoesophageal speakers were analyzed by the LPC autocorrelation method.
(12) Six- to seven-month-old infants were tested on their ability to discriminate among three speech sounds which differed on the basis of formant-transition duration, a major cue to distinctions among stop, semivowel and diphthong classes.
(13) Additionally, issues related to talker normalization, coarticulation effects, segmentation, pitch, transposition, and diphthongization are discussed.
(14) For the diphthongs in both noise and reverberation, there was a tendency to judge a diphthong as the beginning monophthong.
(15) These models deal primarily with the problem of "target undershoot" associated with the coarticulation of vowels with consonants in natural speech and with the issue of "vowel-inherent spectral change" or diphthongization of English vowels.
(16) Although vowel confusions occurred in both test conditions, the number of vowels and diphthongs affected and the total number of errors made were significantly greater under the reverberant condition.
(17) Finally, the role of vowel-inherent dynamic properties, including duration and diphthongization, is briefly reviewed.
(18) The diphthong stimuli were significantly easier to identify than the vowel stimuli at both angles of observation.
Vowel
Definition:
(n.) A vocal, or sometimes a whispered, sound modified by resonance in the oral passage, the peculiar resonance in each case giving to each several vowel its distinctive character or quality as a sound of speech; -- distinguished from a consonant in that the latter, whether made with or without vocality, derives its character in every case from some kind of obstructive action by the mouth organs. Also, a letter or character which represents such a sound. See Guide to Pronunciation, // 5, 146-149.
(a.) Of or pertaining to a vowel; vocal.
Example Sentences:
(1) The obtained results are used to study the relation between the acoustic characteristics of these vowels and the corresponding articulatory dimensions.
(2) The current study explored the temporal course of the perception of vowel duration.
(3) In addition, they were tested with dichotic listening for correct reports of consonant-vowel syllables.
(4) Test items in each of the 4 groups therefore contained different amounts of information regarding the nature of the following vowel, due to coarticulatory influences of the vowel on the preceding consonants.
(5) Coarticulatory effects of the vowel on the aperiodic portion were found to (1) occur early in the aperiodic portion, (2) vary with consonant and vowel, and (3) vary with vowel feature.
(6) As for vowel formant, missing anterior teeth and missing posterior teeth presented more such differences for formant i and formants i and e, respectively.
(7) Vowel identification was best when at least two kinds of cues were available.
(8) Three male and 2 female subjects produced six repetitions of 12 utterances that were initiated and terminated by vowels and consonants of differing phonetic features.
(9) The perception of voicing in final velar stop consonants was investigated by systematically varying vowel duration, change in offset frequency of the final first formant (F1) transition, and rate of frequency change in the final F1 transition for several vowel contexts.
(10) These results suggest that Japanese monkeys process formant and pure-tone frequency increments differentially and that the same mechanisms mediate formant frequency discrimination in single-formant and vowel-like complexes.
(11) The major findings were as follows: (1) no significant difference was found in consonant identification scores between aperiodic, aperiodic + vocalic transition, and vocalic transition segments in CV syllables compared to those in VC syllables; (2) consonant identifications from vocalic transition + vowel segments in VC syllables were significantly greater than those from vocalic transition + vowel segments in CV syllables; (3) no significant difference was found in vowel identification scores between aperiodic + vocalic transition, vocalic transition + vowel, and vocalic transition segments in CV syllables compared to those in VC syllables; and (4) vowel identifications from aperiodic segments were significantly greater in CV syllables than in VC syllables.
(12) Comparisons between normalized spectral energy within a selected high frequency range revealed that energy within this frequency range for vowels produced by TE speakers was significantly higher than that produced by normal speakers.
(13) The amount of variability found in the labeling of speech contrasts may be dependent on cue salience, which will be determined by the speech pattern complexity of the stimuli and by the vowel environment.
(14) Acoustic information about the place of articulation of a prevocalic nasal consonant is distributed over two distinct signal portions, the nasal murmur and the onset of the following vowel.
(15) The shorter latency N2 was found for the separating features of vowels or intensities but not for consonants.
(16) After learning to categorize syllables consisting of [d], [b], or [g] followed by four different vowels, quail correctly categorized syllables in which the same consonants preceded eight novel vowels.
(17) The ability of listeners to identify 10 vowels under two conditions was investigated.
(18) In this article, acoustic analyses are reported which show that the spectral properties of stuttered vowels are similar to the following fluent vowel, so it would appear that the stutterers are articulating the vowel appropriately.
(19) The perceived goodness of i parallel vowels declined systematically as stimuli were further removed from the prototypic i parallel vowel.
(20) All subjects received 60 monaural and dichotic consonant-vowel (CV) nonsense syllables presented at equal loudness levels using the most comfortable level (MCL) as the loudness criteria.