(n.) A solid bounded by twenty-four similar quadrilateral faces. It is a hemihedral form of the hexoctahedron.
Example Sentences:
(1) In the triploids, the 40 female chromosomes present (mouse, n = 20) were derived from a single diploid pronucleus formed after the extrusion of a first polar body, and following the monospermic fertilization of primary oocytes.
(2) (E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)uridine (BVUrd), the riboside counterpart of (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (BVdUrd), effected a dose-dependent inhibition of viral progeny formation and viral DNA synthesis in herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1, strain KOS)-infected human (E6SM) diploid fibroblast cells.
(3) The 2A8 clone, a normal diploid rat anterior pituitary cell strain, was investigated by immunocytochemistry to determine the cell types into which the clonal cells differentiated in vivo and in vitro.
(4) After approximately 20 in vitro passages, Chinese hamster kidney (CHK) cell cultures transformed upon exposure to different strains of SV 40 can show a diploid modal chromosome number of 22 with chromosome counts exclusively or essentially in the diploid range (20-25).
(5) Model chromosome number was diploid in three cases, hypodiploid in three, and hyperdiploid in the remaining three.
(6) In all examined animals and in all examined tissues we found out a diploid number of seventy chromosomes.
(7) Average number of metaphase Ag-NOR chromosomes (calculated per diploid chromosome set) in haploid parthenogenones exceeded that in the control; in some cases all NORs were stained by silver.
(8) Interspecific hybridization between sexual species carrying different b-alleles and producing different B subunits may be responsible for the heterozygosity at the lactate dehydrogenase b-locus in diploid parthenogenetic Cnemidophours.
(9) Hybrids obtained following fusion of normal human diploid fibroblasts with different immortal human cell lines exhibited limited division potential.
(10) In diploid and tetraploid subcultures of SMC from newborn rats, RNA expression of the genes assayed is linked with ploidy.
(11) On the basis of segregating phenotypes, the genetic potentials of these compatible nocardiae were ascertained as follows: the formation of a diploid with subsequent segregation of parental or haploid recombinant genomes or both; persistence of the diploid through many generations; continuing reassortment of genetic information by multiple matings between parental or recombinant organisms; and, very probably, second-round recombinations within the diploid.
(12) (2) Highly aneuploid and polyploid types were induced in diploid and haploid germinating conidia by chloral hydrate but not to any significant extent by gamma-rays.
(13) Such a heterogeneity in DNA content in the diploid part of HPR cell population could apparently suggest some differences in the nuclear chromatin arrangement to be always higher in spring before the frog spawning, and it seems to be characteristic of this type of cells.
(14) We observed more diploids (23 of 31; 74%) than aneuploids (eight of 31; 26%).
(15) Patients with diploid tumours survived significantly longer than patients with aneuploid tumours.
(16) No effect of components of human diploid cells homogenate and an insignificant effect of blood serum components on kinetic constants of LDG isoenzymes is registered.
(17) The effects of confluent holding recovery on survival, chromosomal aberrations, and progression through the life cycle after subculture of human diploid fibroblasts X-irradiated during density inhibition of growth have been examined.
(18) The synthesis of GBP is inducible by IFNs in all human diploid fibroblast cell lines that we studied.
(19) This paper presents a FORTRAN IV subroutine to calculate inbreeding and kinship coefficients from pedigree information in a diploid population without self-fertilization.
(20) Flow cytometric analysis revealed characteristic patterns in the relative numbers of haploid (1C), diploid (2C), and tetraploid (4C) cells.
Meiosis
Definition:
(n.) Diminution; a species of hyperbole, representing a thing as being less than it really is.
Example Sentences:
(1) To this end, a meiosis-defective mating-type mutation was used as a marker for the plus segment, by taking advantage of its suppressibility by a nonsense suppressor.
(2) When multiple probes were informative, the meiotic exchange points for each meiosis were located in individual families.
(3) This observation suggests that testosterone acts to inhibit meiosis at a site beyond the function of the puromycin-sensitive proteins or that testosterone causes a reduction in the turnover rate of these proteins.
(4) Commitment to meiosis occurs during the prezygotene interval at about the time when S-phase replication is completed.
(5) Meiosis is too complex to have arisen at once full blown and a stepwise scheme is proposed for its evolution, where each step is believed to have provided an immediate selective advantage: (1) The first step in this tentative sequence is the development of a haploidization process by means of a rapid series of mitotic non-disjunctions, turned on under conditions where haploidy is favored.
(6) Recently, cDNA clones encoding several bovine CKI isoforms have been sequenced that show high sequence identity to the HRR25 gene product of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae; HRR25 is required for normal cellular growth, nuclear segregation, DNA repair, and meiosis.
(7) They proceed through meiosis normally, as judged by the occurrence of meiotic recombination, the production of haploid nuclei, and the formation of multinucleate cells visible after Giemsa staining.
(8) In continuation of the research on male human meiosis within the study of pachytene bivalents, results from the analysis of 125 cells are presented.
(9) The absence of these mRNAs in mitosis and their disappearance at 4 hr and later in meiosis suggest that the rec7 and rec8 gene products may be involved primarily in the early steps of meiotic recombination in S. pombe.
(10) This trisomy arose through aberrant segregation of translocation chromosome during meiosis in the patient's mother, who is a balanced heterozygote for a complex translocation involving chromosomes 9, 21 and 22.
(11) Chemicals were injected into mice at the MI (meiosis I) stage or 3 hours before the MI stage in order to examine their toxicity.
(12) In the immunogold staining assay a post-fixation and nuclear staining procedure was developed which allowed identification of isolated germ cells, revealing clearly, for all seven MAbs, that the determinants were expressed on germ cells but not on somatic cells and, for WCS 7, 11 and 12 only, that the determinants first appeared on small spermatogonia prior to meiosis.
(13) A 'small' CG-free area of the cortex, with prominent cytoplasmic protrusions, appeared twice during the progression of meiosis.
(14) An attractive explanation for these results is that long tandem arrays of simple repeated sequences are generated at high frequency throughout the genome and that they are retained for a longer time on the Y chromosome due to the absence of homologous pairing at meiosis.
(15) Expression of one of the three genes was found to be limited to a single cell type during the 5-6 day period from late meiosis to immature pollen formation.
(16) Analysis of RNA from different developmental stages and from enriched populations of spermatogenic cells revealed that this gene is expressed during the prophase stage of meiosis.
(17) In fission yeast the ability to undergo meiosis and sporulation is conferred by the matP+ and matM+ genes of the mating-type locus.
(18) The binding of in vivo labeled RNA to the corresponding DNAs increased 3- to 12-fold at the time of meiosis I, in parallel with the accumulation of the SPR transcripts.
(19) It was concluded that meiosis and spore formation in Saccharomycopsis lipolytica seem to represent parallel and coordinated processes which generally resemble those recorded for Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Hansenula species.
(20) Neither meiosis nor mutagenesis increased the revertant frequency, nor did incubation at elevated temperatures lower it.