What's the difference between disjoin and misjoin?
Disjoin
Definition:
(v. t.) To part; to disunite; to separate; to sunder.
(v. i.) To become separated; to part.
Example Sentences:
(1) Recombination between the two normal chromosomes or between the deletion chromosome and a normal chromosome increased the probability that these chromosomes would disjoin, although cosegregation of recombinants was observed.
(2) The correction and disjoining of chains may not be effective in all cells.
(3) The results are described within the framework of Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory with reference to electrostatic, van der Waals, and hydration components of disjoining pressure.
(4) Here we show that nonhomologous plasmids, having no detectable DNA sequence cross-hybridization, also tend to disjoin from each other at the first meiotic division.
(5) In many cases, nondisjunction arises from a reduction or elimination of crossing over, leading to the production of homologous univalents which fail to co-orient on the metaphase plate and to disjoin properly.
(6) The female meiotic mutant no distributive disjunction (symbol: nod) reduces the probability that a nonexchange chromosome will disjoin from either a nonexchange homolog or a nonhomolog; the mutant does not affect exchange or the disjunction of bivalents that have undergone exchange.
(7) In the great majority of patients resulting from an error of maternal meiosis there was clear evidence of recombination involving the non-disjoined chromosomes, suggesting that absence of recombination is not an important aetiological factor in non-disjunction of the X chromosome in female meiosis.
(8) The diplotene cells were defined on day 22 by the loss of a complete synaptonemal complex set and by the appearance of disjoined lateral elements and persistent segments of synaptonemal complexes.
(9) Primarily (on day 13 of gestation) the nucleolar components become rather disjoined.
(10) The recombination frequencies on chromosomes 21 that had undergone nondisjunction were then compared to those on chromosomes 21 that had disjoined normally.
(11) In seven of the simple trisomies, information was obtained from both the cytogenetic and molecular markers, making it possible to study recombination between the two non-disjoined chromosomes.
(12) In Drosophila males and females mutant for the ord gene, sister chromatids prematurely disjoin in meiosis.
(13) In strains containing one normal and any one deletion chromosome, the two chromosomes disjoined in most meioses.
(14) In strains containing one deletion chromosome and two normal chromosomes, the two normal chromosomes preferentially disjoined, but in 4-7% of the tetrads the normal chromosomes cosegregated, disjoining from the deletion chromosome.
(15) Homology on one arm was sufficient to direct chromosome disjunction, and two chromosomes could be directed to disjoin from a third.
(16) Recombination between the two normal chromosomes or between one normal chromosome and the deletion chromosome increased the probability that they would disjoin, although cosegregation of recombinants was observed.
(17) The genetic analysis of the exceptions reveals whether nondisjunction has occurred due to failure of the spindle fibres to disjoin chromosomes or attachment of the chromosomes.
(18) The pairs disjoin at anaphase and translocate to opposite poles and the interpolar distance increases.
(19) Recombination events were found in two families with regular trisomy, one occurring between chromosomes 21 that failed to disjoin at maternal meiosis I, the other prior to a paternal meiosis II nondisjunction.
(20) Using the thumb, forefinger and middle finger of the left hand, the skin flap containing the funiculus spermaticus is grasped and dectus deferens is palpated and disjoined.
Misjoin
Definition:
(v. t.) To join unfitly or improperly.
Example Sentences:
(1) We postulate that the increased rate of exchange aberration formation in the absence of dsb repair indicates the existence of a second 'error-prone' misjoining mechanism which is independent of DNA synthesis.
(2) The data were taken as further evidence that chromatid rejoining and misjoining (exchanges) are essentially different processes.
(3) At the biological end, identification of repair genes and how they operate, as well as a better understanding of how DNA misjoinings lead to lethal chromosome aberrations, are needed for appropriate inclusion into the theories.
(4) Comparison of these data with the effect of inhibitors on the frequency of X-ray-induced aberrations leads us to the conclusion that X-ray-induced aberrations can result from the misjoining or nonrejoining of double-strand breaks, particularly breaks with cohesive ends, but that this process accounts for only a portion of the induced aberrations.