What's the difference between disjoin and misjoin?

Disjoin


Definition:

  • (v. t.) To part; to disunite; to separate; to sunder.
  • (v. i.) To become separated; to part.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Recombination between the two normal chromosomes or between the deletion chromosome and a normal chromosome increased the probability that these chromosomes would disjoin, although cosegregation of recombinants was observed.
  • (2) The correction and disjoining of chains may not be effective in all cells.
  • (3) The results are described within the framework of Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) theory with reference to electrostatic, van der Waals, and hydration components of disjoining pressure.
  • (4) Here we show that nonhomologous plasmids, having no detectable DNA sequence cross-hybridization, also tend to disjoin from each other at the first meiotic division.
  • (5) In many cases, nondisjunction arises from a reduction or elimination of crossing over, leading to the production of homologous univalents which fail to co-orient on the metaphase plate and to disjoin properly.
  • (6) The female meiotic mutant no distributive disjunction (symbol: nod) reduces the probability that a nonexchange chromosome will disjoin from either a nonexchange homolog or a nonhomolog; the mutant does not affect exchange or the disjunction of bivalents that have undergone exchange.
  • (7) In the great majority of patients resulting from an error of maternal meiosis there was clear evidence of recombination involving the non-disjoined chromosomes, suggesting that absence of recombination is not an important aetiological factor in non-disjunction of the X chromosome in female meiosis.
  • (8) The diplotene cells were defined on day 22 by the loss of a complete synaptonemal complex set and by the appearance of disjoined lateral elements and persistent segments of synaptonemal complexes.
  • (9) Primarily (on day 13 of gestation) the nucleolar components become rather disjoined.
  • (10) The recombination frequencies on chromosomes 21 that had undergone nondisjunction were then compared to those on chromosomes 21 that had disjoined normally.
  • (11) In seven of the simple trisomies, information was obtained from both the cytogenetic and molecular markers, making it possible to study recombination between the two non-disjoined chromosomes.
  • (12) In Drosophila males and females mutant for the ord gene, sister chromatids prematurely disjoin in meiosis.
  • (13) In strains containing one normal and any one deletion chromosome, the two chromosomes disjoined in most meioses.
  • (14) In strains containing one deletion chromosome and two normal chromosomes, the two normal chromosomes preferentially disjoined, but in 4-7% of the tetrads the normal chromosomes cosegregated, disjoining from the deletion chromosome.
  • (15) Homology on one arm was sufficient to direct chromosome disjunction, and two chromosomes could be directed to disjoin from a third.
  • (16) Recombination between the two normal chromosomes or between one normal chromosome and the deletion chromosome increased the probability that they would disjoin, although cosegregation of recombinants was observed.
  • (17) The genetic analysis of the exceptions reveals whether nondisjunction has occurred due to failure of the spindle fibres to disjoin chromosomes or attachment of the chromosomes.
  • (18) The pairs disjoin at anaphase and translocate to opposite poles and the interpolar distance increases.
  • (19) Recombination events were found in two families with regular trisomy, one occurring between chromosomes 21 that failed to disjoin at maternal meiosis I, the other prior to a paternal meiosis II nondisjunction.
  • (20) Using the thumb, forefinger and middle finger of the left hand, the skin flap containing the funiculus spermaticus is grasped and dectus deferens is palpated and disjoined.

Misjoin


Definition:

  • (v. t.) To join unfitly or improperly.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) We postulate that the increased rate of exchange aberration formation in the absence of dsb repair indicates the existence of a second 'error-prone' misjoining mechanism which is independent of DNA synthesis.
  • (2) The data were taken as further evidence that chromatid rejoining and misjoining (exchanges) are essentially different processes.
  • (3) At the biological end, identification of repair genes and how they operate, as well as a better understanding of how DNA misjoinings lead to lethal chromosome aberrations, are needed for appropriate inclusion into the theories.
  • (4) Comparison of these data with the effect of inhibitors on the frequency of X-ray-induced aberrations leads us to the conclusion that X-ray-induced aberrations can result from the misjoining or nonrejoining of double-strand breaks, particularly breaks with cohesive ends, but that this process accounts for only a portion of the induced aberrations.

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