(n.) A proving to be false or erroneous; confutation; refutation; as, to offer evidence in disproof of a statement.
Example Sentences:
(1) Clearly, proof (or disproof) that GAP is downstream of ras is the next step toward clarification of this aspect of ras action; identification of biochemical activities associated with GAP (or the true ras effector) will, we hope, follow soon.
(2) An attention is paid to the fact that the diagnosis of glandular hyperplasia should be established with due account of patient's age, while the absence of signs of endometrial glandular hyperplasia in curettage specimens, evidenced hystologically, should not be considered as a disproof of the cytological conclusion.
(3) Disproof of cognitive schemas for the perception of the opposite sex (transference reactions) is hypothesized to be a common therapeutic mechanism in the dissimilar models of marital therapy.
(4) At present there is neither proof nor disproof of MAO being a "genetic marker" for vulnerability to the schizophrenic disorder.
(5) This review begins with a summary of the disproof of the membrane-pump theory and the alternative theory of the living cell, the association-induction (AI) hypothesis.
(6) The data are interpreted as an support for the "matching" hypothesis and a disproof of the notion of "conditioned switching".
(7) Writing in today's FT, Pollin and Ash are careful to say this disproof doesn't mean governments can borrow "profligately", but "judicious deficit spending remains the single most effective tool we have to fight against mass unemployment caused by severe recessions".
(8) This is disproof by counter-example: the experimental evidence claimed to support the polar coordinate model does not necessarily do so.
(9) 5(a), and either (2) or (2') are essential to the theory: 5(b) and 5(c) are not absolutely essential, and parts of the theory could survive the disproof of either.
(10) This result, obtained at neuromuscular junctions and the squid giant synapse, has been offered as a disproof of the calcium hypothesis of transmitter release or the residual calcium hypothesis of synaptic facilitation.
(11) A method is proposed for experiment fulfillment and data analysis ("six classes" method) provided for proof or disproof of the reality of diverse influence of external factors on biological objects.
(12) Nevertheless the disproof of the deficit theory of aging made a lot of people wait for practical suggestions in respect of intervention.
(13) Part of the difficulty in amassing "proof" or "disproof" is inherent in the intricate and complex nature of the aging process itself.
Falsification
Definition:
(n.) The act of falsifying, or making false; a counterfeiting; the giving to a thing an appearance of something which it is not.
(n.) Willful misstatement or misrepresentation.
(n.) The showing an item of charge in an account to be wrong.
Example Sentences:
(1) Unethical conduct in research can be divided into five categories: 1) falsification of data, in which the researcher manipulates results, provides data without experimentation, or biases the results to give a false impression of their value; 2) failure to credit others (former colleagues, students, associates) for research results or ideas; 3) plagiarism, use of other's published material (ideas, graphs, or tabular data) without permission or credit; 4) conflicts of commitment or interest in which work or ownership in a private firm in some way conflicts or detracts from the duties to the institution they represent or allows private gain through the individual's employment at the institution; 5) biased experimental design or interpretation of data to support public or private groups that have provided financial support for research.
(2) These issues include the desirability of including adolescents and both pregnant and nonpregnant women in the trial, the use of unapproved control regimens, problems with antimicrobial susceptibility testing due to inadequate methodology and the need for prompt treatment, the need to assess agents for treatment of syndromes of unknown microbial etiology, toxicity considerations related to the use of single-dose regimens, management of the sexual partners of the participants in the trial, analysis of data despite the high frequency of minor protocol violations, sexual reexposure to infection during the trial, and the potential for loss, alteration, or falsification of data because of the relative simplicity of the usual protocol design and the diagnostic reliance on specimens that are routinely discarded.
(3) But as with the December vote, independent election monitors and opposition activists presented evidence of widespread falsifications, including ballot stuffing and "carousel voting" – packing vans with voters and bussing them to several polling sites to cast numerous votes.
(4) Once incongruent persistence is suspected, the possibility of parental falsification of symptoms must be faced.
(5) Jean-Claude Ghislain, director of evaluation of medical devices at AFSSAPS, has said: "There was a falsification of documentation, which obviously made audits very difficult."
(6) As increased isopropanol and acetone levels are discussed as alcoholism markers, a falsification of congener analysis after skin disinfection, e.g.
(7) If you approve as a member of a supervisory board financial accounts which you know that 2 million are not accrued you have possibly done a falsification of a document.
(8) Over a dozen opposition leaders, including former presidential candidates, have been prosecuted for protesting against falsification of the election results.
(9) The French foreign minister at the time of the 1994 massacres, Alain Juppé, said Kagame's comments were a "falsification of history".
(10) This paper delineates three major types of communicative bipersonal fields: Type A, the symbolic field of illusion and play; Type B, the field of action in discharge and projective identification; and Type C, the static field characterized by impenetrable barriers, falsifications, destruction of meaning, and a rupture of the link between patient and therapist or analyst.
(11) Potential false negatives or falsification of positives are discussed.
(12) Using active anterior and posterior rhinomanometry there are possible several falsifications.
(13) There was also a scandal in 1999 over the falsification of quality assurance data but the worst incident at Sellafield, then-called Windscale, came in 1957 when a fire broke out which resulted in significant quantities of radioactive material being released into the environment.
(14) In case of suspected falsification of the Kentjur powder by other Zingiberaceae rhizome powders or their starches it is difficult to differentiate.
(15) Cancer patients considered most at risk from alleged falsification of appointment and treatment times by the hospital managing their care were only told of the crisis in letters sent by courier on Monday – the day before a devastating report from the national standards regulator was published.
(16) A re-activation of treated farm or laboratory animals which is set up too early might produce reduction of efficiency or falsification of experimental results.
(17) Russians continued to register cases of falsification through the night and into Monday.
(18) Gorbachev added that authorities "must admit that there have been numerous falsifications and ballot stuffing".
(19) Although such kinetic models are likely to be oversimplifications of the behavior of a large macromolecule, these models may provide some insight into the mechanisms that control the gating of the channel, and are subject to falsification by new data.
(20) The raw material is the major limitation: because of the variability of drugs and because of economic factors which include the risk of falsifications.