(a.) Relating to the daytime; belonging to the period of daylight, distinguished from the night; -- opposed to nocturnal; as, diurnal heat; diurnal hours.
(a.) Daily; recurring every day; performed in a day; going through its changes in a day; constituting the measure of a day; as, a diurnal fever; a diurnal task; diurnal aberration, or diurnal parallax; the diurnal revolution of the earth.
(a.) Opening during the day, and closing at night; -- said of flowers or leaves.
(a.) Active by day; -- applied especially to the eagles and hawks among raptorial birds, and to butterflies (Diurna) among insects.
(a.) A daybook; a journal.
(a.) A small volume containing the daily service for the "little hours," viz., prime, tierce, sext, nones, vespers, and compline.
(a.) A diurnal bird or insect.
Example Sentences:
(1) Four of 18 patients showed no change over the twenty-four hours while 7 patients showed some variation without definite diurnal pattern.
(2) The amount of EB or progesterone injected seemed unimportant but, in either case, had to be given within a limited diurnal period of sensitivity.
(3) Seven days of constant light, however, reverses this diurnal variation such that plasma prolactin levels peak at 11:30 AM and reach a nadir at approximately 11:30 PM.
(4) Study of the clinical characteristics of depressive state by hemisphere stroke with the use of symptom items of Zung scale and Hamilton scale showed that patients in depressive state with right hemisphere stroke had high values in symptom items considered close to the essence of endogenous depression such as depressed mood, suicide, diurnal variation, loss of weight, and paranoid symptoms, while patients in depressive state with left hemisphere stroke had high values in symptom items having a nuance of so-called neurotic depression such as psychic anxiety, hypochondriasis, and fatigue.
(5) Intraocular pressure was investigated with multiple 12-hour diurnal curves.
(6) The purpose of this study was to examine the pattern of diurnal variation of blood pressure in normotensive working women, and to assess the effect of work stress on this pattern.
(7) In order to clarify the diurnal pattern of secretion of plasma immunoreactive (IR) proopiomelanocortin (POMC)-derived peptides, IR-N-terminal peptide (Nt), IR-beta-endorphin (Ep), IR-beta-lipotropin (LPH), and IR-ACTH (ACTH) in normal subjects and in patients with Addison's disease and Cushing's disease, we measured these 4 peptides in the same plasma obtained at 0900 h and then every three hours until 0600 h at the next day.
(8) When administered to adult patients with urge incontinence (generally as a 25mg twice-daily dose) terodiline reduces diurnal and nocturnal micturition frequency and incontinence episodes.
(9) These findings would suggest that hereditary progressive dystonia with marked diurnal fluctuation could show not only a diurnal fluctuation but also age-dependent changes of symptoms.
(10) The diurnal rhythms of sleep-wake activity, motor activity, and Tbr were not affected in rats.
(11) No IgE circadian rhythm was validated in healthy children while a large amplitude (approximately equal to 30% of the 24 hours mean) circadian rhythm with 2 diurnal peaks and a nocturnal trough was demonstrated (P less than 0.0023) in the asthmatics.
(12) The degree of change was comparable during the diurnal and nocturnal periods.
(13) A diurnal pattern, however, could not be shown in the corticosterone response to immobilization.
(14) In one rat studied 30 days after ocular enucleation the diurnal rhythm in synthesis persisted; however, relative to 4 days after enucleation the phase of the rhythm shifted about 90 degrees suggesting that light deprivation caused the rhythm to become free-running with a period slightly different from 24 h.
(15) It has a relatively short half-life, and large diurnal fluctuations in serum concentrations occur, thus making it difficult to define clear relationships between individual serum concentrations and either therapeutic or adverse effects.
(16) Vocalizations exhibited diurnal peaks of occurrence (0600-0800, 1600-1800 h).
(17) The syndrome of obstructive sleep apnoea is associated with an increased morbidity (the consequence of diurnal hypersomnolence and cardiovascular complications).
(18) 1) Diurnal patterns of the above-mentioned items were recorded, mutual relationships relationships between these items were revealed.
(19) Plasma and IL peptide levels were relatively constant during daylight hours (0600-1800 h), but increased after the onset of darkness and reached maximal concentrations at 0200 h. To examine the possibility that this diurnal rhythm in the content and secretion of POMC-derived peptides resulted from diurnal changes in the biosynthesis of POMC, the concentration and rate of synthesis of POMC mRNA were examined.
(20) The diurnal variation of [125I]iodomelatonin binding sites in the brain and serum melatonin levels were studied at 4-hour intervals under a 12 h:12 h light:dark cycle in 5-week-old chicks.
Nocturnal
Definition:
(a.) Of, pertaining to, done or occuring in, the night; as, nocturnal darkness, cries, expedition, etc.; -- opposed to diurnal.
(a.) Having a habit of seeking food or moving about at night; as, nocturnal birds and insects.
(n.) An instrument formerly used for taking the altitude of the stars, etc., at sea.
Example Sentences:
(1) We evaluated the circadian pattern of gastric acidity by prolonged intraluminal pHmetry in 15 "responder" and 10 "nonresponder" duodenal ulcer patients after nocturnal administration of placebo, ranitidine, and famotidine.
(2) Both treatments depressed nocturnal pineal melatonin content in rats and hamsters.
(3) Nocturnal ST segment changes were abolished in six patients on atenolol, in six patients on nifedipine, and in five patients on isosorbide mononitrate.
(4) Stage REM frequently appeared within 10 min of stage 1 onset and the normal sequence of stages REM and 4 were altered, demonstrating that the organization of sleep within a nap is quite different from that in monophasic nocturnal sleep.
(5) The drug proved to be of high value in alleviating nocturnal coughing controlling spastic bronchitis in children, as a pretreatment before bronchological examinations and their anaesthesia.
(6) A statistically significant difference (p less than 0.01) was found between salmeterol and the association for this criteria: during the first period, 46% of subjects treated by salmeterol did not present nocturnal awakenings during the last treatment week by comparison with 15% of subjects taking the association; during the second period, corresponding figures were 39% for salmeterol by comparison with 26% for the association.
(7) Results from studies show that there can be a general hangover the morning following nocturnal doses of 2 mg.
(8) Nafarelin also allows assessment of the bioactivity of endogenous gonadotropin, is a more potent stimulus of pituitary-testicular function than endogenous GnRH secretion, and is more cost-effective than nocturnal sampling.
(9) Nocturnal penile tumescence results correlated well with the angiographic picture.
(10) One type of short-axon horizontal cell (HC) and one type of axonless HC are described in the retina of Carinae noctua, a crepuscular bird and Tyto alba, a pure nocturnal bird.
(11) When administered to adult patients with urge incontinence (generally as a 25mg twice-daily dose) terodiline reduces diurnal and nocturnal micturition frequency and incontinence episodes.
(12) To determine what effect higher nocturnal STC would have in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) on overnight lung function, oxygen saturation, and sleep quality, two different theophylline products were used to give higher or lower STC during the night.
(13) A diagnosis of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria may be suggested with magnetic resonance imaging, based on the massive renal cortical hemosiderosis that occurs in this disease.
(14) No IgE circadian rhythm was validated in healthy children while a large amplitude (approximately equal to 30% of the 24 hours mean) circadian rhythm with 2 diurnal peaks and a nocturnal trough was demonstrated (P less than 0.0023) in the asthmatics.
(15) These results extend the scope of immunologic circadian rhythms to the reticuloendothelial system as a feature of a bioperiodic defense mechanism, most active during the habitual rest light span of nocturnally active mice.
(16) The degree of change was comparable during the diurnal and nocturnal periods.
(17) The administration of vitamin E, a natural antioxidant, to a patient with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH) failed to diminish the urinary excretion of 59-Fe as monitored by 59-Fe whole body counting and urinary loss of isotope.
(18) Sleep percentages were higher when recordings were done during the nocturnal period.
(19) In comparison with age-matched normal controls, the fragile-X group showed lower melatonin values and a significant impairment of the nocturnal rise in this hormone.
(20) Accordingly, the effect of alpha-adrenergic stimulation and anticholinergic suppression was found to be insufficient to achieve nocturnal continence in patients with ileocaecal bladder replacement.