(n.) A stroke made with a downward motion of the pen or pencil.
Example Sentences:
(1) Occasionally the average forces within an upstroke are greater than within a downstroke of the same sequence.
(2) This current is voltage-sensitive and is responsible for the downstroke of the action potential during the early part of the burst.
(3) A third group of cells recorded intrasomally had broad spikes with shoulders on the downstroke characteristic of A-delta-nociceptors and were so classified provisionally, although no adequate stimulus could be identified.
(4) During active pedalling, all normal subjects showed modulation of the H-reflex with the amplitude being increased during the downstroke portion of the pedal cycle and the reflex suppressed or absent during the upstroke.
(5) The method is unique in combining the following considerations: 1) use of internal measurement error present in the actual sample replicates (rather than that estimated from external standards); 2) an ability to accommodate a wide range of nonuniformity in intraassay coefficients of variation; 3) utilization of both upstroke and downstroke threshold criteria; and 4) adaptability to specify a physiologically relevant proximity of the postpeak nadir to the center of the peak.
(6) A sensor attached to the chest plate of a Thumper was used to time a Datascope Model 3520 ventricular assist console such that the balloon inflated on the upstroke and deflated on the downstroke of the Thumper.
(7) Eighteen prehospital cardiac arrest patients were studied to determine the effect of external chest compression rate on the PetCO2 and BP in man when ventilation rate, ventilation inspiration time, applied compression force, and a 50:50 downstroke:upstroke ratio were held constant using a microprocessor-controlled CPR Thumper.
(8) In the carotid pulse, there was, in youth, a second peak on the downstroke of the waves in late systole.
(9) It participates in the opener (downstroke) phase of swimming and causes contraction of one of the described muscle layers.
(10) Conventional recordings of these extrasystoles usually showed an initial slow upstroke (or downstroke) of the QRS resembling a delta wave.
(11) Except for the timing of the fastest downstroke, all of these variables were significantly altered by distant potentials.
(12) It appears that "elite-national class" cyclists have the ability to generate higher "downstroke power", possibly as a result of muscular adaptations stimulated by more years of endurance training.
(13) The upstroke of this waveform was slower and the downstroke was steeper than that of the aortic pressure.
(14) The timing of the fastest downstroke is largely independent of the effect of distant potentials and most closely represents local activation.
(15) The syndrome was characterized by (1) an upward concave elevation of the RS-T segment with distinct or "embryonic" J waves, slurred downstroke of R waves or distinct J points or both; (2) RS-T segment elevation commonly encountered in the precordial leads and more distinct in these leads; (3) rapid QRS transition in the precordial leads with counterclockwise rotation; and (4) persistence of these characteristics for many years although some intraindividual changes were common.
(16) It is concluded that the mitral valve closes during the downstroke of chest compression in most adult patients during resuscitation.
(17) The higher performance power output of group 1 was produced primarily by generating higher peak torques about the center of the crank by applying larger vertical forces to the crank arm during the cycling downstroke.
(18) Waveform configuration, peak to peak amplitude, magnitude of the slope and timing of the fastest downstroke were carefully evaluated at each electrode site, both with and without the presence of distant left ventricular potentials.
(19) At the point of transition from wing upstroke to downstroke, the pectoralis EMG signal typically exhibits a reduction in amplitude.
(20) We now show that EGF abolishes the downstroke of the dose response curve for CCK-8-induced ZG Cl- conductance and shifts the stimulatory response to higher CCK-8 concentrations.
Downward
Definition:
(adv.) Alt. of Downwards
(a.) Moving or extending from a higher to a lower place; tending toward the earth or its center, or toward a lower level; declivous.
(a.) Descending from a head, origin, or source; as, a downward line of descent.
(a.) Tending to a lower condition or state; depressed; dejected; as, downward thoughts.
Example Sentences:
(1) Over a period of 9 months a 12-year-old girl spontaneously developed a palpable cystic tumor in the upper eye lid which led to an indentation and downward displacement of the globe.
(2) Cerebral angiogram displayed a contralateral shift and an unrolling of the anterior cerebral artery, a lateral stretch of middle cerebral artery, a downward stretch of anterior choroidal artery and a tumor stain fed by the Heubner artery.
(3) In this study downward gaze was more severely disturbed than upward gaze.
(4) Business rates: pressure grows for total rethink on controversial tax Read more Meanwhile the downwards press on aggregate council funding is unremitting.
(5) downward occupational and downward social drift, premature retirement and achievement of the expected social development.
(6) In all the RIAs, the dose-response curves obtained on delayed addition by 24 to 48 h of labeled antigens (curves B), were shifted downwards and to the left of those obtained on simultaneous addition of the reagents (curves A), resulting in improved sensitivity of the assay.
(7) A downward protraction force produced relatively uniform stress distributions, indicating the importance of the force direction in determining the stress distributions from various orthopedic forces.
(8) Pregnant women showed an overall downward trend in susceptibility to rubella (from 4.2% at the beginning of 1984 to 3.0% at the end of 1986), and a similar decline was seen in the two other categories.
(9) Put simply, there would have to be evidence that ultra-low oil prices are having only a temporary downward impact on inflation and have helped disguise upward pressure on wages caused by falling unemployment.
(10) With systole there is downward (caudal) flow of CSF in the aqueduct of Sylvius, the foramen of Magendie, the basal cisterns and the dorsal and ventral subarachnoid spaces while during diastole, upward (cranial) flow of CSF in these same structures is seen.
(11) The company's value lies in its FM licence for London, with the audience for its national AM licence spiralling downwards in recent years.
(12) Although the muscles of untreated children also showed shifts of mean frequency to lower frequency values as a function of time, there was a greater downward shift of mean frequency in those treated with functional appliances.
(13) Assuming no future environmental or lifestyle changes, the upward trend in age-adjusted mortality rates, which averaged 2 to 3% per annum since 1950, is projected to discontinue and bend downward by the second decade of the 21st century.
(14) That does not mean that natural ice variability cannot bring it back again, but the trend, we think, will be downward."
(15) These findings suggest that the response to a downward shift of frequency with an amplitude increase results from new activation due to an apical extension of the envelope of the traveling wave and thus represents the activity in a restricted area of the basilar membrane.
(16) The technique consists of wide undermining of supranasal and paranasal skin, use of composite auricular grafts from the ear to lengthen the upper lateral cartilages, use of a chondromucosal septal flap for lengthening the septum, and postoperative downward taping to assure adequate stretching of dorsal skin for the first-stage procedure.
(17) The virus initially appeared within certain keratinocytes, sometimes surrounded by keratinocytes whose surfaces were also positive for the antigens, in the lower epidermal layers including the hair follicles, and then extended upward to the entire epidermis and downward to the sebaceous glands 1-2 days later, when no macroscopic skin lesion was seen.
(18) Erythrocyte sedimentation highly increased leucocyte retention in vertical columns with a downward flow, whereas in slightly tilted columns with an upward flow, the retention was reduced.
(19) Chorismate mutase was also inhibited by prephenate, which caused downward double-reciprocal plots and a Hill coefficient of n = 0.7, evidence for negative cooperativity.
(20) The Saudis and other Gulf states still support rebel fighting formations – as much because of inertia and hostility to Iran as anything else – but western backing is on a downward trajectory as concerns mount about the risks of blowback from al-Qaida-linked groups.