(n.) Any animal, vegetable, or mineral substance used in the composition of medicines; any stuff used in dyeing or in chemical operations.
(n.) Any commodity that lies on hand, or is not salable; an article of slow sale, or in no demand.
(v. i.) To prescribe or administer drugs or medicines.
(v. t.) To affect or season with drugs or ingredients; esp., to stupefy by a narcotic drug. Also Fig.
(v. t.) To tincture with something offensive or injurious.
(v. t.) To dose to excess with, or as with, drugs.
Example Sentences:
(1) Previous use of the drug is found in more than 50 per cent of the patients, and it was often followed by a neglected side-effect.
(2) Disease stabilisation was associated with prolonged periods of comparatively high plasma levels of drug, which appeared to be determined primarily by reduced drug clearance.
(3) The significance of minor increases in the serum creatinine level must be recognized, so that modifications of drug therapy can be made and correction of possibly life-threatening electrolyte imbalances can be undertaken.
(4) We have investigated the effect of methimazole (MMI) on cell-mediated immunity and ascertained the mechanisms of immunosuppression produced by the drug.
(5) Theophylline kinetics, as an in vivo probe for the potentially toxic cytochrome P-450I pathway of drug metabolism, were studied in 11 healthy volunteers and 11 patients with calcific chronic pancreatitis at Madras, South India.
(6) However, medicines have an important part to play, and it is now generally agreed that for the very poor populations medicines should be restricted to those on an 'essential drugs list' and should be made available as cheaply as possible.
(7) The ability of azelastine to influence antigen-induced contractile responses (Schultz-Dale phenomenon) in isolated tracheal segments of the guinea-pig was investigated and compared with selected antiallergic drugs and inhibitors of arachidonic acid metabolism.
(8) The LD50 of the following metal-binding chelating drugs, EDTA, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), hydroxyethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA), cyclohexanediaminotetraacetic acid (CDTA) and triethylenetetraminehexaacetic acid (TTHA) was evaluated in terms of mortality in rats after intraperitoneal administration and was found to be in the order: CDTA greater than EDTA greater than DTPA greater than TTHA greater than HEDTA.
(9) Meanwhile the efficiency of muscarinic antagonists in inhibition of tremor reaction induced by arecoline administration is associated with interaction between the drugs and the M2-subtype.
(10) Some of those drugs are able to stimulate the macrophages, even in an aspecific way, via the gut associated lymphatic tissue (GALT), that is in connection with the bronchial associated lymphatic tissue (BALT).
(11) The 14C-aminopyrine breath test was used to measure liver function in 14 normal subjects, 16 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, 14 alcoholics without cirrhosis, and 29 patients taking a variety of drugs.
(12) The results of the evaluation confirm that most problems seen by first level medical personnel in developing countries are simple, repetitive, and treatable at home or by a paramedical worker with a few safe, essential drugs, thus avoiding unnecessary visits to a doctor.
(13) Acquired drug resistance to INH, RMP, and EMB can be demonstrated in M. kansasii, and SMX in combination with other agents chosen on the basis of MIC determinations are effective in the treatment of disease caused by RMP-resistant M. kansasii.
(14) Further development of drug formulary concept was discussed, primarily for the drugs paid by the Health Insurance, as well as the unsatisfactory ADR reporting in Yugoslavia.
(15) Senator Bernie Sanders of Vermont, who is also seeking the Democratic presidential nomination, recently proposed a bill that would ease the financial burden of prescription drugs on elderly Americans by allowing Medicare, the national social health insurance program, to negotiate with the pharmaceutical companies to keep prices down.
(16) The authors empirically studied the self-medication hypothesis of drug abuse by examining drug effects and motivation for drug use in 494 hospitalized drug abusers.
(17) Inadequate treatment, caused by a lack of drugs and poorly trained medical attendants, is also a major problem.
(18) To investigate the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) intolerance and the effect of gold use on the seroprevalence of H. pylori.
(19) A remarkable deterioration of prognosis with increasing age rises the question whether treatment with cytotoxic drugs should be tried in patients more than 60 years old.
(20) It was concluded that metoclopramide and dexamethasone showed an excellent antiemetic effect on acute drug-induced emesis, as well as on delayed emesis, induced by cisplatin.
Soma
Definition:
(n.) The whole axial portion of an animal, including the head, neck, trunk, and tail.
Example Sentences:
(1) An initial complex-soma inflection was observed on the rising phase of the action potential of some cells.
(2) Axons emerge from proximal dendrites within 50 microns of the soma, and more rarely from the soma, in a tapering initial segment, commonly interrupted by one or two large swellings.
(3) In cat, DARPP-32-immunoreactive cell bodies identified as Müller cells were demonstrated in the inner nuclear layer (INL) with processes closely surrounding the cell soma of photoreceptors in the outer nuclear layer.
(4) Today the physician who treats women with emotional problems during menopause cannot function solely as a psychotherapist; he must deal with both their soma and psyche.
(5) For those synapses that were close to the soma the time constant for decay for the non-NMDA component, which was voltage insensitive, ranged from 4-8 ms. 7.
(6) We find that the labelled cell has a myelinated axon, but that the axon loses its myelin within 50 microns of the soma and has not yet been traced further.
(7) The soma of the injured neutron has a dense perinuclear ring of RNA.
(8) The effective electrical geometry under the conditions of control and 0.5 mM PNB sufficient to completely abolish the postsynaptic potential were determined from analyses of the membrane charging curves assuming the lumped-soma-short-cable model.
(9) Sequential recordings of spike amplitudes from the axon hillock, soma, and lateral dendrite suggest that the generator of the axotomy-induced component is localized to the normally passive soma and proximal dendrite.
(10) In order to determine whether there is a relationship between soma diameter and oxidative enzyme activity of alpha-motoneurons, we investigated the alpha-motoneurons innervating the different portions within a rat gluteus medius muscle.
(11) In oestrogen-treated preparations, tuberoinfundibular arcuate neurons responsive and unresponsive to accessory bulb stimulation could be distinguished by the frequency of successful antidromic propagation into the soma.
(12) These cells were also NSE positive and were characterized by the presence of soma action potentials.
(13) It is concluded that barium ions have at least 2 points of attack in the ganglion: 1, on the soma membrane of the neurones, and 2, on the presynaptic terminals controlling them.
(14) By the end of this period the neuronal soma and the proximal dendrites appeared mature in terms of both morphology and synaptic input.
(15) Although the globular bushy cell axons were not completely filled from the soma of origin to terminal fields in the contralateral brainstem, a number of consistent anatomical features were distinguished in the population.
(16) Approximately 85% of Na channels in the soma are essentially indistinguishable from those in the giant axon with regard to gating properties and sensitivity to tetrodotoxin or saxitoxin.
(17) In slices cut parallel to the pyramidal neurons (perpendicular to the brain surface) one can study chemosensitivity of the various parts of the dendritic tree and the soma.
(18) It has not been possible to connect the efferent somas with the fibers.
(19) Interestingly, the M-cell soma which stains positive for AChE was ChAT negative.
(20) However, the distribution of the enzymes is indirectly correlated as high levels of particulate cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase are present in the soma of neurons with high concentrations of adenylate cyclase in their terminals.