What's the difference between duboisine and hyoscyamine?
Duboisine
Definition:
(n.) An alkaloid obtained from the leaves of an Australian tree (Duboisia myoporoides), and regarded as identical with hyoscyamine. It produces dilation of the pupil of the eye.
Example Sentences:
Hyoscyamine
Definition:
(n.) An alkaloid found in henbane (Hyoscyamus niger), and regarded as its active principle. It is also found with other alkaloids in the thorn apple and deadly nightshade. It is extracted as a white crystalline substance, with a sharp, offensive taste. Hyoscyamine is isomeric with atropine, is very poisonous, and is used as a medicine for neuralgia, like belladonna. Called also hyoscyamia, duboisine, etc.
Example Sentences:
(1) They received either glycopyrronium, or 1-hyoscyamine in a sustained-release form, or inert tablets for one year.
(2) The long-lasting decrease and increase in sinus rate were abolished by 1-hyoscyamine and propranolol respectively, and both were reduced by tetrodotoxin.
(3) Two colorimetric micromethods are described for the determination of atropine-hyoscyamine and hyoscine (scopolamine), using p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde and citric acid-acetic anhydride as the color reagents.
(4) Its use in separating optical isomers of dl-scopolamine, dl-hyoscyamine, dl-homatropine, and dl-cocaine is discussed.
(5) Phenthonium (10-50 microM), a quaternary derivative of 1-hyoscyamine, increases the frequency of miniature end-plate potentials (2-5 fold) and blocks the nicotinic receptor-ionic channel in skeletal muscles.
(6) A new method for separation and determination of four important tropane alkaloids (hyoscyamine, scopolamine, anisodamine and anisodine) in crude drugs by micellar HPLC was developed.
(7) Columns (10 cm) filled with silical gel (particle size, 5 mum; pore size, 1000 A) show the best performance in the separation of hyoscyamine, scopolamine and ergotamine as picrate ion-pairs.
(8) Except for the more frequent reporting of dry mouth with L-hyoscyamine, side effects were not different among the groups.
(9) Diastereomeric urethane derivatives of atropine (d,l-hyoscyamine) and l-hyoscyamine were prepared by reacting the alkaloids with (-)-1-phenylethylisocyanate.
(10) In a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled crossover study, the pharmacokinetics and some clinically important pharmacodynamic effects of intramuscular atropine (dl-hyoscyamine) were studied in 6 healthy male volunteers.
(11) This study compared the effects of glucagon (N = 48), L-hyoscyamine (N = 43), and placebo (N = 45) on gastric and duodenal distension, mucosal coating, and patient tolerance.
(12) L-Hyoscyamine provided gastric and duodenal images equal in quality to glucagon.
(13) The plasma concentrations of l-hyoscyamine were analyzed by radioreceptor assay (RRA) and the plasma concentrations of dl-hyoscyamine by radioimmunoassay (RIA).
(14) A simplified method for the quantitative analysis of hyoscyamine hydrobromide or atropine in Belladonna Tincture USP is described.
(15) This might at least partly explain the advantage of combining 1-hyoscyamine and an oxime with diazepam in intoxications with anticholinesterases.
(16) Tropine (tropan-3 alpha-ol) is an intermediate in the formation of hyoscyamine.
(17) The concentrations of d-hyoscyamine calculated from the dl- and l-hyoscyamine concentrations reached maximum between 1 and 2 h after drug injection.
(18) The renal excretion of l-hyoscyamine occurred mostly in 6 h (34% of the dose) and no conjugated drug forms were detected.
(19) By injecting the optical antipodes of atropine, D- and L-hyoscyamine separately in mice and following their kinetics in different parts of the brain it was possible to separate the specific receptor binding of the active antipode L-hyoscyamine from that of the inactive antipode D-hyoscyamine, representing unspecific binding.
(20) The assay is more selective for scopolamine (percent cross-reactions for hyoscyamine = 0.21%, 6-hydroxy-hyoscyamine = 0.17%) than previously reported immunoassays.