(n.) An animal or plant which is much below the ordinary size of its species or kind; especially, a diminutive human being.
(v. t.) To hinder from growing to the natural size; to make or keep small; to stunt.
(v. i.) To become small; to diminish in size.
Example Sentences:
(1) Demonstration of low levels of Pit-1 expression in Ames dwarf (df) mice implies that both Pit-1 and df expression may be required for pituitary differentiation.
(2) ELISA, cDNA dot blot hybridization and transmission by vector aphids were used to investigate the occurrence and degree of cross-protection produced in oat plants by virus isolates representing five strains or serotypes of barley yellow dwarf virus, namely PAV, MAV, SGV, RPV and RMV.
(3) Mortality was less in the N-XL as compared to DB, but NB hens showed 11.7% more mortality than dwarfs.
(4) Examination of pituitary structure indicated that dwarfs had very small pituitaries, with an immature pattern of somatotrope distribution, and giants had very large pituitaries, with some hypertrophy of somatotropes.
(5) The defect in thyroid function in the dwarf bird apparently was not at the level of synthesis but at the level of uptake of iodine.
(6) This unique physiological situation was created by crossing IGF-I Tg mice to GH-deficient, dwarf mice in whom somatotrophs were genetically ablated by the expression of a diphtheria toxin transgene in the somatotrophs.
(7) The above results suggest that hormone deficiency in Snell dwarf mice is a result of a defect in the hormone-producing cells in the gland.
(8) Mutant mice are dysmorphic, dwarfed, and have a shortened life span.
(9) Experiments for uptaking and distribution of the culm stabiliser "camposan" with the agens ethephon are very important to tell something about the dwarf behaviour of the treated plants of rye.
(10) The transplacental activity of N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU) was tested in rats, rabbits, Syrian golden hamsters, Dzungarian dwarf hamsters, guinea pigs, dogs, and rhesus monkeys.
(11) The primary structure of rice dwarf phytoreovirus (RDV) genome segment S3 was determined.
(12) West African Dwarf sheep were challenged with a low mouse brain-passaged Rift Valley fever virus (Ib-AR 55172) isolated from Nigeria.
(13) The osteochondrodysplasia rat, inherited by a single autosomal recessive lethal gene ocd, shows a typical dwarfing syndrome with systemic subcutaneous edema.
(14) A proportion of 73% CL and CLA in the overall ovarian changes after treatment with 750 IE PMSG (2 days before removal of the sponge) and 125 micrograms PGF2 alpha (at the time of the sponge removal) proved an acceptable method of treating African dwarf goats as regards the requirement of labour and material as well as the superovulation effect.
(15) But that would be dwarfed by the costs of actually leaving the EU.
(16) Raymond Hood – Terminal City (1929) 'Poem of towers' … Raymond Hood's 1929 drawings for the proposed Terminal City, in Chicago This never-built design for a massive new skyscraper quarter in Chicago is a vision of the modern city as a shadowed poem of towers; of glass and concrete dwarfing the people.
(17) The presence of growth lines in the distal radius was evaluated prior to treatment in 23 psychosocial dwarfs and 25 patients with idiopathic hypopituitarism.
(18) Hymenolepis nana (von Siebold, 1852), the dwarf tapeworm causing hymenolepiasis, has been reported to be the common intestinal cestode of rodents and man throughout the world.
(19) Ectopic pituitary transplants produced the expected increase in plasma prolactin levels in male and female dwarf mice as compared to sham-operated dwarf or untreated normal mice.
(20) A marked increase in the number of lymphoid cells in dwarf mice was observed by treatment with thyroxin, even if treatment was started either at 7 days or 3 months of age.
Elf
Definition:
(n.) An imaginary supernatural being, commonly a little sprite, much like a fairy; a mythological diminutive spirit, supposed to haunt hills and wild places, and generally represented as delighting in mischievous tricks.
(n.) A very diminutive person; a dwarf.
(v. t.) To entangle mischievously, as an elf might do.
(pl. ) of Elves
Example Sentences:
(1) Since catalase is not normally released by cells, a likely explanation for its presence in high concentrations in normal ELF is that it is released by lung inflammatory and parenchymal cells onto the epithelial surface of the lower respiratory tract during their normal turnover and collects there due to the slow turnover of ELF.
(2) Treatment based on combinations of fluorouracil, methotrexate, doxorubicin, etoposide, and cisplatin have shown high response rates (FAMTX [fluorouracil, doxorubicin, and methotrexate], EAP [etoposide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin], ELF [etoposide, leucovorin, and fluorouracil]) and a survival benefit (FAMTX).
(3) Other cautions are 1) equal osmolality of wash fluid and plasma, 2) minimizing residence time of wash fluid, 3) minimizing wash fluid-to-ELF volume ratio, and 4) adequate analytic procedures.
(4) Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), a mediator capable of modulating a broad range of effects on the behavior of many normal cells, was found in high concentrations in the epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of the normal human lower respiratory tract.
(5) However, most of the nascent 40S ribosomal subunits in ts 422E cells band at a higher density, suggesting their failure to bind initiation factor elF-3.
(6) There are cycles in all of this – the reef regenerates itself,” he was quoted saying in the Cairns Post .
(7) Because the initial site of primary absorption interactions involves the epithelial lining fluid (ELF), we investigated whether ELF-NO2 interactions could account for pulmonary NO2 reactive absorption.
(8) When Welby left Cambridge he dithered for a bit and then found a job working for a French oil company, Elf Aquitaine.
(9) This article begins with a short review of the current state of knowledge concerning the effects of nonthermal levels of ELF electromagnetic fields on the biochemistry and activity of immune cells and then closely examines new results that suggest a role for Ca2+ in the induction of these cellular field effects.
(10) From the available epidemiological data it can be concluded that the relationship between exposure to ELF EM fields and increased incidence of cancer has not been unequivocally proved.
(11) ELF (greater than 0.4 ml) is a potent inhibitor of lipid peroxidation as measured by malondialdehyde (MDA) production in an in vitro iron-dependent assay system.
(12) After a year in London working for Elf Aquitaine, Welby was headhunted by Enterprise Oil, a company formed to exploit the privatisation of British Gas's North Sea assets.
(13) Studies of the possible effects of ELF electromagnetic fields on health are hampered by problems in measuring exposure and by the ubiquity of exposure in the community.
(14) In this report, we demonstrate that a novel Ets-related transcription factor, Elf-1, binds specifically to two purine-rich motifs in the HIV-2 enhancer.
(15) We determined the influence of ELF, a model biochemical (reduced glutathione; GSH), and PO4 buffer (control) on NO2 transfer as evaluated by "breakthrough time."
(16) To assess the in-vitro activity of the concentrations achieved at the potential sites of infection, clinical isolates of common respiratory pathogens were exposed to two concentrations of cefuroxime, based on the observed concentrations in ELF and bronchial mucosa.
(17) Since a variety of inflammatory stimuli are capable of inducing bronchial epithelial cells to express the gene for IL-8, a cytokine that attracts and activates neutrophils, mediators in respiratory epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of CF individuals might induce IL-8 production by epithelial cells, thus recruiting neutrophils to the airways.
(18) Reports from recent epidemiological studies have suggested a possible association between extremely low frequency (ELF; including 50- or 60-Hz) electric- and magnetic-field exposure, and increased risk of certain cancers, depression, and miscarriage.
(19) The high remission rate and long medical survival time achieved with ELF, plus its good tolerability, make this combination a valuable alternative to anthracycline-containing regimens.
(20) Additional experiments explored the hypothetical quenching activity of ELF components devoid of lidocaine.