(1) Their use is indicated in large or total defects to restore the natural anatomical conical shape of the eardrum, particularly in congenital atresia.
(2) Primitively, vibrations reached the stapes mainly via the anterior hyoid cornu, but in dicynodonts, therocephalians, and cynodants vibrations passed mainly or exclusively from mandible to quadrate to stapes and the reflected lamina was a component of the eardrum.
(3) An attempt was made to answer the question whether it is justified to set an age limit for performance of eardrum reconstructions in children.
(4) A possible relationship of primary auditory and primary nonauditory blast injury was discussed, and it has been concluded that more severe rupture of the eardrum in the injured by mine explosion can suggest the presence of primary blast injuries.
(5) His back was also injured, and both his eardrums burst, he said.
(6) The nature of the acoustic coupling limits the passive energy absorption and transmission properties of the eardrum.
(7) The hierarchy illuminates some of the limitations of various simplified elements commonly used to model the middle ear and demonstrates the necessity of treating the acoustics and the eardrum as an integrated subsystem.
(8) Large variations of sound pressure along the ear canal and over the surface of the eardrum are found above about 10 kHz.
(9) The acoustical energy reflectance at the eardrum, as calculated from a model of the ear canal when terminated by the middle ear model, agrees reasonably well with experimental data up to about 12 kHz.
(10) The tubal compliance index (TCI), which is the ratio of the tubal resistance between two different air flow rates, was compared among three groups: 36 ears of children with otitis media with effusion (OME), 26 ears of adult OME patients, and 10 otherwise normal ears with traumatic perforations of the eardrum.
(11) A major part of this alteration is due to the interaction of various mechanical and acoustic resonances which are characteristic of the hearing-aid receiver and the sound transmission system linking the receiver with the eardrum.
(12) I hope I don't sound too much of fuddy-fuddy -- actually, I know I do -- but surely the point of an athletics meet is to watch athletics and see people run and throw things -- and not to have your eardrums assaulted by a booming bass beat?
(13) The present study also included gross and histopathological examinations of the eardrum and observation of fibers of the lamina propria of the transplanted tympanic membrane by means of polarizing microscopy and of vascularization by intravascular India ink injection.
(14) In cases of retraction of the eardrum, the otoemissions were present in 2 of 23 ears.
(15) However, based on calculations of anticipated leakage of H2S for a variety of eustachian tube conditions and in the absence of either medical literature or personal reports documenting H2S poisoning due to eardrum perforation, the recommendation for excluding workers with such a condition from working in or around H2S is not supported.
(16) The auditory sensitivity of the rats with cotton-stuffed ears and the pierced eardrums decreased about 10 and 20 dB, respectively.
(17) Twenty-five eardrums of 15 healthy children without past or present history of otological disease were examined using otoscopy; a photograph of each eardrum was obtained.
(18) Perforated eardrums were found in 13.9% of Aboriginal and in 0.3% of European children's ears, and this abnormality was strongly associated with low weight and height status.
(19) Revised acoustic energy reflection coefficients, at the eardrum, are obtained for 20 ears for frequencies between 3 and 13 kHz.
(20) Three children whose eardrums appeared normal upon previous examinations, one with the otomicroscope, apparently developed tympanic membrane cholesteatomas that penetrated the fibrous layer of the pars tensa.
Malleus
Definition:
(n.) The outermost of the three small auditory bones, ossicles; the hammer. It is attached to the tympanic membrane by a long process, the handle or manubrium. See Illust. of Far.
(n.) One of the hard lateral pieces of the mastax of Rotifera. See Mastax.
(n.) A genus of bivalve shells; the hammer shell.
Example Sentences:
(1) Unfortunately, both the malleus and the stapes have to be in good position to use this type of reconstruction making it much less common than other forms of ossiculoplasty.
(2) These complications are of much higher frequency than after tympanoplasty with autograft, and indications for tympano-ossicular homografts are now limited to total tympanic destruction with absence of handle of malleus.
(3) In our series of 31 patients, it was found that severe conductive hearing loss, abundant pale granulations, and denuded malleus handle are constant findings and, in our opinion, are significant clinical features of the pathology.
(4) The observed pattern of development in nonirradiated specimens was the following: hypertrophy of the rostral process and endochondral-type ossification, fibrous atrophy in the midsection, and mineralization of the malleus and incus.
(5) The position, displacement and phase angle of the rotation axis of the ossicles was calculated based on the displacement and phase angle of the umbo, malleus head and lenticular process.
(6) The reshaped incus is repositioned between the malleus handle and oval window when the stapes is fixed and there also exists a lateral ossicular chain defect.
(7) The malleus exhibits a handle separated from its head and keeping a persistant relationship with the tubotympanic recess.
(8) The position of the normal-shaped mobile stapes was just medial, and not posteromedial, to the malleus.
(9) This paper presents the authors' experiences with one method of reconstruction of the tympanic membrane when it is totally absent or when there is a fixed, retracted, defective, or absent malleus.
(10) pseudomallei only, and with it, it is possible to resolve the immunological problem of distinguishing diagnosis between Malleus and Melioidosis.
(11) At high levels, the attachment is less intimate, most of the fibers appearing to pass lateral to the malleus handle.
(12) Temporal fascia placed medially to the tympanic remnants with the malleus handle exteriorized has been used successfully in over 1,200 tympanoplasties with adequate conization of the drumhead produced in most cases.
(13) All points on the tympanic membrane vibrate in phase with the malleus up to a frequency of 1 kHz.
(14) A review of 62 cases of blockage of head of malleus showed that apart from secondary lesions (post-traumatic, postoperative, postinfectious), primary blockades were a definite entity.
(15) Measurements of tympanic membrane surface area; depth of the tympanic membrane cone; the lengths of the malleus and incus long processes; and stapes footplate, annular space, and oval window areas were obtained using video micrographs and computer digitization techniques.
(16) These procedures, short and long "L-shaped" assemblies, used for patients without a malleus, resulted in a mean 27 dB bone-air gap postoperatively.
(17) Thus, disarticulation of ossicles can be localized precisely, and fixation of the head of the malleus can be differentiated from stapes fixation.
(18) However, conventional atticotomy was not able to achieve improvement in the mobility of the ossicles because the mobility is usually severely restricted at the malleus.
(19) We report on a 5-year experience with 44 patients (1980-1985) with incus interposition using a modelled or sculptured incus, either autograft or homograft, to correct ossicular discontinuity when a functional malleus and stapes are present.
(20) Meckel's cartilage appeared as a single, continuous fibrous structure lying between the mandibular lingula and the malleus of the middle ear in fetuses of 210 mm crown-rump length (22 weeks of age) and over.