(n.) Any worm of the genus Lumbricus and allied genera, found in damp soil. One of the largest and most abundant species in Europe and America is L. terrestris; many others are known; -- called also angleworm and dewworm.
(n.) A mean, sordid person; a niggard.
Example Sentences:
(1) It also strongly inhibited non-plasmic fibrinolysis with human leukocyte proteinase and earthworm proteinase.
(2) Monitoring of DDT and HCH residues in abiotic and biotic components of the environment of Delhi during 1988 to 1989 revealed low to moderate levels of these insecticides in soil, earthworms, birds, buffalo milk, water, freshwater clams, fish, human fat, human blood and breast milk samples.
(3) It was concluded that it is possible to substitute 30% of the protein in the diet of growing rabbits, with earthworm meal, without any adverse physiological effects.
(4) The complete nucleotide sequence of the gene for chain c of hemoglobin of the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris has been determined.
(5) For copper and dichloroaniline earthworms did recover cocoon production to a level as high as the control level or even higher; in case of pentachlorophenol, cocoon production was still reduced after 3 weeks in clean soil.
(6) The present results indicate that the toxicity and bioaccumulation and therefore the bioavailability of chlorophenols in soil to earthworms are dependent on the concentration in soil solution and can be predicted on the basis of adsorption data.
(7) In the cerebral ( = supraesophageal, suprapharyngeal) ganglion of the earthworm, a number of neurosecretory Gomori-positive perikarya are bipolar; others are unipolar, or multipolar.
(8) Such an activity is not inhibited by zymosan, inulin or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), nor by hydrazine or methylamine, suggesting that earthworm hemolysins are not related to C3 or C3b complement components.
(9) Proteinase-inhibiting components of the coelomic fluid of the earthworm Lumbricus terrestris were examined.
(10) Nerve fibres and cell bodies displaying vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) or pancreatic polypeptide (PP) immunoreactivity were demonstrated in ganglia of the earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris).
(11) The dorsal openings in the myelin sheath of the median giant fiber (MGF) of the earthworm (Lumbricus terrestris L.) have been studied with electronmicroscopical and electrophysiological methods.
(12) These results suggest that earthworm powder represents a possible oral thrombolytic agent.
(13) Chloragocytes and intestinal tissue showed significantly higher lead levels in contaminated earthworms than in control material.
(14) High concentration of lead in the soil does not favour increased accumulation of lead in the earthworms' organisms.
(15) The snakes were fed diets consisting of earthworms, Lumbricus terrestris, and mosquitofish, Gambusia affinis.
(16) Traditional formulations of the roles of supra- and subpharyngeal ganglia in the earthworm's behavior were reinvestigated with the use of saline rather than light as the aversive stimulus.
(17) This information on lymphocytic, granulocytic and inclusion-containing coelomocytes is crucial to understanding more about cellular immunity in the earthworm.
(18) Toxicity values were obtained for pentachlorophenol (PCP) and other compounds in the standard OECD and EEC earthworm test.
(19) A gavage technique has been developed that permits the administration of water-soluble and lipid-soluble test chemicals in spite of the extremely low level of triglyceride lipase activity in the earthworm gut.
(20) Conjugation with glutathione catalysed by glutathione S-transferases may consequently be an important detoxification mechanism in earthworms.
Planaria
Definition:
(n.) Any species of turbellarian worms belonging to Planaria, and many allied genera. The body is usually flat, thin, and smooth. Some species, in warm countries, are terrestrial.
Example Sentences:
(1) Total lipid content of planariae is equal to 28.70% of lyophylized weight, 21.70% of them being presented by phospholipids.
(2) Attra-tion of the worms to stool material was examined by placing planaria inside square whose boundries were constructed of fecal smears.
(3) In comparison, mechanical sectioning proved to be more appropriate for increasing the number of planaria.
(4) These results are in agreement with those of other authors who attribute an essential role to undifferentiated cells during regeneration of the adult planaria.
(5) One hundred planaria averaging 8 mm in length could be sectioned into 600 segments in approximately 18 min; regeneration was achieved by approximately 94% of these segments, usually within 8 days after sectioning.
(6) The study of the labelling of planaria with 99mTc shows that the incorporation of radioactivity in this platyhelminth increases with an increase in SnCl2 concentration from 0.13 to 1.3 microM, reaching a plateau in the range of 1.3-130 microM then decreasing with 1300 microM.
(7) The ocellar potential (OP) of planaria was recorded using microelectrode techniques.
(8) As serotonin is normally present in planaria, it is postulated that a serotonin-dependent regulation of adenylate cyclase activity plays a physiological role in this species.
(9) These results suggest that light receptors in these planaria might have evolved away from the body surface and are located in the ocelli.
(10) p-Chlorophenylalanine (pCPA) caused an increase in looping and locomotion speed in planaria (Dugesia dorotocephala).
(11) Planaria Dugesia dorotocephala were bilaterally enucleated, decapitated caudal to the auricles, or sectioned at the level of the pharynx.
(12) Planaria that regenerated from head sections showed more looping 6 and 11 days later than tail regenerates, regenerates from untreated worms, and uncut worms.
(13) The particulate fraction prepared after homogenization of planaria Polycelis tenuis in a buffer containing 3 mM EDTA and 15 mM 2-mercaptoethanol possesses an adenylate cyclase activity which was enhanced two-fold by serotonin and 20-fold by the nucleotide analog guanosine 5'-(beta-gamma-imino)triphosphate, Gpp(NH)p; when present together, the two activators exhibited a marked synergistic effect.
(14) Epinephrine, ephedrine, dopamine and isoproterenol considerably influence carbohydrate utilization in planaria.
(15) Study of planaria cells, which are the result of dissociated fragments cultivated in vitro, allows the evolution of two cell groups to be followed: (1) Differentiated cells, which do not divide, and do not dedifferentiate either, incorporate leucine and uridine at a rate which remains stable for the whole duration of the culture.
(16) In some molluscs (Aplysia and Fusitriton) and insects (silkworm and cricket), occurrence and distribution of neuropeptides in the nervous system and gut were studied with following results: in these invertebrates and also in planaria, PP-like immunoreactivity is extensively distributed in neurons and (in insects) in gut endocrine paraneurons.
(17) During traumatic regeneration of Planaria Polycelis tenuis, determination of serotonin, noradrenaline and dopamine levels revealed important variations of serotonin and catecholamines from the time of excision.
(18) Since 1961 it has been known that human infections are usually acquired by purposeful or accidental ingestion of infective larvae in terrestrial mollusks, planaria and fresh-water crustacea.
(19) Using PCR, some Antennapedia-type homeoboxes were cloned from the genome of two other Platyhelminthes, Dugesia tigrina (planaria) and Fasciola hepatica.
(20) Other organisms including Herpobdella testacea and Helobdella stagnalis (Hirudinea), Acellus aquaticus (Isopoda), Planaria lugubris (Turbellaria) and L. truncatula egg clusters failed to interfere with miracidial host-finding.