(n.) A genus of Monotremata found in Australia, Tasmania, and New Guinea. They are toothless and covered with spines; -- called also porcupine ant-eater, and Australian ant-eater.
Example Sentences:
(1) In the echidna a few dark, organelle-rich glia cells were encountered.
(2) This study provides anatomical evidence for the presence of cone-like photoreceptors in the retina of the echidna.
(3) This is a report of experiments which provide evidence in support of the existence of an electric sense in the echidna, or spiny anteater Tachyglossus aculeatus.
(4) Echidna Mb, which has one replacement (Glu-59 to Ala) within region 56-62, displayed greatly reduced cross-reactivities and relative binding affinities.
(5) Echidna band A protein has some similarity to high cystine "whey" proteins.
(6) The concentration of pituitary LH is in the range of that found in eutherian mammals, but the concentration of ACTH is lower than that reported for other vertebrates, and this may be linked causally with the remarkably low rate of corticosteroid secretion in the echidna.
(7) The presence of two lysozyme variants, echidna lysozyme I and II, has been confirmed in mature milk samples of Tachyglossus aculeatus multiaculeatus and Tachyglossus aculeatus aculeatus respectively.
(8) There is a wide disparity in growth rates of echidna young that is related to differences in the body weights of the mothers.
(9) At the time of publishing the list stands at 244, including, but certainly not limited to: disturbed balance; blurred vision; cataracts; mass bee extinction; unexplained deaths of cattle, goats, dolphins, worms and sundry other animals; family discord; disoriented echidnas; social problems among peacocks; and eggs without yolks.
(10) The gross anatomy and nerve supply of the bill of echidna (Tachyglossus aculeatus) is described in relation to its function as an outstanding sensory organ.
(11) Within the rostral one centimetre of the Echidna beak, three specialised receptors were found: a mucous sensory gland, a rod-like structure, and an innervated epidermal pit.
(12) The cells of the secretory tubules in the mandibular gland of the echidna are packed with fairly large birefringent granules, which show a lamellated structure consisting of alternating thin and thick layers or shells of protein.
(13) Adult Aponomma concolor were able to locate their mammalian host (echidna) from distances greater than 3 reptile-infesting species could locate their hosts.
(14) Generally there are more changes between beta-chains; there are only three other examples reported where there are more changes between alpha-chains than beta-chains, these are of echidna, rabbit and dog globins.
(15) Maturation of spermatozoa in the Wolffian duct of the echidna appears to be expressed only in a changing capacity for motility and in loss of the cytoplasmic droplet.
(16) The karyotype of the platypus (2n = 52) has several features in common with those of the echidna species; six pairs of large autosomes, many pairs of small (but not micro-) chromosomes, and a series of small unpaired chromosomes which form a multivalent at meiosis.
(17) Neurohypophysial hormones of platypus seem similar to those of echidna, the other living prototherian, and to those of most placental mammals.
(18) The same properties make this formation different from the anterodorsal and anteroventral nuclei in rats, the equivalents of which could not be identified in echidnas.
(19) An additional nine live echidnas were presented for clinical examination for dog or fox wounds (eight), or wire snare wounds (one).
(20) Statistical comparison of amino acid composition of the component chains with other immunoglobulin heavy chains suggests that echidna gamma chains are more closely related to eutherian gamma chains than to the 7S Ig heavy chains from amphibia or aves.
Spiny
Definition:
(a.) Full of spines; thorny; as, a spiny tree.
(a.) Like a spine in shape; slender.
(a.) Fig.: Abounding with difficulties or annoyances.
(n.) See Spinny.
Example Sentences:
(1) These results suggest that: (1) catecholaminergic (mainly dopaminergic) and prefrontal cortical terminals in the nucleus accumbens septi dually synapse on common spiny neurons; and (2) dopaminergic neurons in the ventral tegmental area receive monosynaptic input from prefrontal cortical afferents.
(2) The responses of a population of 30 olfactory receptor cells from spiny lobsters to 8 behaviorally relevant complex types of stimuli at 0.005, 0.05 and 0.5 mM were analyzed using multidimensional scaling to evaluate their potential for coding quality and intensity.
(3) Extracellular responses to complex biologically relevant stimuli were recorded from 30 primary olfactory cells from excised antennules of spiny lobsters.
(4) Earlier studies identified purinergic chemoreceptors in the olfactory organ of the spiny lobster, Panulirus argus.
(5) We speculate that in the adult neostriatum, the protein may be important in the remodeling of synapses onto medium spiny neurons that involve, in part, the corticostriatal pathway.
(6) Tissue from the digitiform rectal gland of the spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias, was fixed briefly by formaldehyde perfusion and studied for the specificity and localization of p-nitrophenyl phosphatase (NPP'ase) activity.
(7) Type 2 multipolar cells are large neurons endowed with numerous primary spiny dendrites constituting a wide round dendritic field and with a thick axon.
(8) Spiny seahorse lives among a rare marine plant called eelgrass, which only grows in shallow sheltered seas in south-west England.
(9) The axon of the spiny type II neuron is long and has collaterals which are poorly arborized in comparison to those of spiny type I cells.
(10) Neurons of medium size with spine-rich dendrites (spiny type I) are the most frequent type.
(11) When taken together these cases show that just over 50% of the degenerating terminals are presynaptic to spiny appendages and are located within the synaptic clusters (glomeruli) described previously (King, '76).
(12) The external surface of the hypostome possesses cnidocils, possibly sensory hairs, and small spiny protrusions surrounding the mouth; the internal surface has cylindrical microvilli, free flagella and adherent flagella.
(13) Finally, they are at variance with the classical concept which subdivides cortical neurons into projection neurons (pyramidal and spiny stellate) and interneurons (non-pyramidal, local circuit neurons).
(14) Leishmania braziliensis panamensis has been isolated in culture from one spiny-pocket mouse (Heteromys dermarestianus) out of 43 examined, proving that rodents of this genus can be reservoirs of Leishmania of the braziliensis complex as well as of mexicana in Latin America.
(15) Several types of NPY-containing neurons can be distinguished by their laminar location, by the size of their perikarya, and by the size, shape, and pattern of ramification of their processes: 1) layer I small local circuit neurons; 2) layer II granule cells; 3) aspiny stellate cells located in layers II-III and V-VI, with long, slender dendrites; 4) sparsely spiny stellate cells; 5) aspiny stellate cells with long, horizontally oriented dendrites, whose cell body is situated in layer VI; 6) Martinotti cells in areas 9, 7, and 24; and 7) multipolar neurons situated in the white matter subjacent to the cortical gray.
(16) The naturally occurring dynamics of presynaptic axon terminals were investigated in the dentate gyrus and stratum lucidum of the spiny mouse (Acomys cahirinus) during maturation, adulthood and aging.
(17) Light and electron microscopy showed intense and extensive labeling of immunoreactive calbindin-D28k in the cell bodies, dendrites, and spines of medium-sized neostriatal spiny neurons and in their axon terminals which end in the globus pallidus.
(18) The SFGS was seen to contain pyramidal neurons with spiny dendrites in the SM, together with fusiform, multipolar and horizontal neurons.
(19) Spiny extrusions are present on many of the neurons, arranged either as varicosities giving a rosary feature or clumped in small groups over the dendritic processes; these are absent at the level of the soma.
(20) This is a report of experiments which provide evidence in support of the existence of an electric sense in the echidna, or spiny anteater Tachyglossus aculeatus.