What's the difference between edge and penumbra?

Edge


Definition:

  • (v. t.) The thin cutting side of the blade of an instrument; as, the edge of an ax, knife, sword, or scythe. Hence, figuratively, that which cuts as an edge does, or wounds deeply, etc.
  • (v. t.) Any sharp terminating border; a margin; a brink; extreme verge; as, the edge of a table, a precipice.
  • (v. t.) Sharpness; readiness of fitness to cut; keenness; intenseness of desire.
  • (v. t.) The border or part adjacent to the line of division; the beginning or early part; as, in the edge of evening.
  • (v. t.) To furnish with an edge as a tool or weapon; to sharpen.
  • (v. t.) To shape or dress the edge of, as with a tool.
  • (v. t.) To furnish with a fringe or border; as, to edge a dress; to edge a garden with box.
  • (v. t.) To make sharp or keen, figuratively; to incite; to exasperate; to goad; to urge or egg on.
  • (v. t.) To move by little and little or cautiously, as by pressing forward edgewise; as, edging their chairs forwards.
  • (v. i.) To move sideways; to move gradually; as, edge along this way.
  • (v. i.) To sail close to the wind.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Brown's model, which goes far further than those from any other senior Labour figure, and the modest new income tax powers for Holyrood devised when he was prime minister, edge the party much closer to the quasi-federal plans championed by the Liberal Democrats.
  • (2) Everyone is expecting them to win and I think that’s a double-edged sword.
  • (3) In fact, the lowest-rated game of last year's World Series between the Giants and the Tigers edged out the opening round of the draft by only 2.4 million viewers.
  • (4) In one case MRI showed a false image of tear of the supra spinatus m. on its anterior edge.
  • (5) Flexion of the knee beyond 40 degrees progressively diminished viability of the edges of the wound, particularly the lateral edge.
  • (6) Fibrinogen was scattered in the intercellular spaces, and located in the inner layer or edges of the thickened intima of the bifurcation with increasing plaque formation.
  • (7) After 1 day in vitro the explants were partly encircled by epithelium which had proliferated from the cut edges of the explant and from rete ridges near the cut edge (epiboly).
  • (8) This kind of distribution of microfilaments was always associated with resorption lacunae, and F-actin, vinculin, and talin zones correspond roughly to the edge of lacunae.
  • (9) Mario Balotelli’s life on the edge leaves him asking: why not me any more?
  • (10) Shenhua Watermark Coal, a subsidiary of the Chinese state-owned Shenhua Group, is waiting for final approval from Hunt for a $1.2bn open-cut coalmine on the edge of the plains, a little more than three kilometres from Hamparsum’s property.
  • (11) Three disks of different sizes (10, 25, and 45 mm in diameter) were attached to the edge of the baresthesiometer, and pressures of 1, 3 and 5 kg were applied to the 10 mm disk, and 1, 3, 5, and 7 kg to the other disks.
  • (12) The expansion comes hot on the heels of another year of stellar growth in which Primark edged closer to overtaking high street stalwart M&S in sales and profits.
  • (13) Under the electron microscope, slices appeared vacuolated near the cut surfaces, but well preserved internally (greater than 40 micron from the edge).
  • (14) Following orthodontic treatment the canine's incisal edge occlusion demonstrates the tip and torque present in the appliance that was used.
  • (15) Attenuation compensation causes more noise to appear in the center than the edge for both modes and an average increase in uncertainty of 30%.
  • (16) Perisic darts in from the edge of the penalty area to get on the end of it and thumps a meaty header wide.
  • (17) The transversalis fascia of the floor of the femoral canal turns down to form the medial wall of the venous compartment of the femoral sheath, and has the support of the curved edge of the lacunar ligament which effectively bars the femoral canal from entering the thigh.
  • (18) Trout fishing is excellent in both, and after they fall over the edge of the Piedmont Plateau to the Atlantic Coastal Plain, the lower stretches of both waterways boil into class-2 and -3 whitewater for kayakers and canoeists.
  • (19) Oxytocin-like immunoreactive neurons were observed to lie within 77 nm of the edge of the lumen of capillary blood vessels.
  • (20) A formal notion of relatability is defined, specifying which physically given edges leading into discontinuities can be connected to others by interpolated edges.

Penumbra


Definition:

  • (n.) An incomplete or partial shadow.
  • (n.) The shadow cast, in an eclipse, where the light is partly, but not wholly, cut off by the intervening body; the space of partial illumination between the umbra, or perfect shadow, on all sides, and the full light.
  • (n.) The part of a picture where the shade imperceptibly blends with the light.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Our analysis showed that the interpolation errors are proportional to the curvature of the dose distribution and are relatively high in regions on either side of, but not including, the steepest part of the penumbra.
  • (2) Analysis of the penumbra width of cross dose distributions, as a function of field sizes, allowed us to postulate that the dmax shift could be due to the phantom scattered photons, which in turn were generated by the collimator scattered photons.
  • (3) If true, this is the first demonstration of the ischemic penumbra by MR imaging and may reflect our use of Wistar rats, a new image analysis technique, and ultra-high resolution MR imaging.
  • (4) The combination for this applicator of sharp penumbra and low out-of-field dose leads to reduced lung and opposite breast doses.
  • (5) An extracellular acidosis that occurs in the penumbra zone was investigated in vitro as to its role in the formation of cytotoxic cell swelling.
  • (6) The ischemic thresholds for the initial increase in CMRG and the complete depletion of ATP content represent the metabolic equivalent of the penumbra zone and provide a basis for the evaluation of therapeutic procedures for the treatment of stroke.
  • (7) If the entire cross-section is blocked, the point will be in the umbra of the shadow; if only a portion of the light is blocked, the point will be in the penumbra of the shadow.
  • (8) The mechanisms involved in this sequence of events and the role of pH changes in the development of the so-called "ischaemic penumbra" are discussed.
  • (9) In the light of these findings, we suggest that use of a selective antagonist of LTs may be helpful in reducing the ischemic penumbra during acute cerebral ischemia by controlling the vasogenic edema.
  • (10) Opening the hinge adjustment restores field flatness, without changing penumbra or the inverse square law behavior of the teletherapy unit.
  • (11) The area of "penumbra" could be estimated in regions with CBF value just above this threshold.
  • (12) In the penumbra zone, comparable trends were noted in OER and CMRO2 but the difference in the changes between the two groups did not reach statistical significance.
  • (13) The agreement is within experimental errors both in the penumbra region and along the central ray of the asymmetric field.
  • (14) These results confirm the concept of a metabolic penumbra.
  • (15) These wedges were designed to increase the penumbra width at the field junction from about 1.5 to about 3.5 cm, to achieve dose uniformity.
  • (16) These studies suggest that 1) the expression of 72-kd heat-shock protein in neurons precedes the development of ischemic cellular alterations detectable by conventional hematoxylin and eosin light microscopy methods; 2) there is a hierarchy of cell types and anatomic sites that express 72-kd heat-shock protein, and this hierarchy reflects cellular and anatomic vulnerability to ischemic cell damage; and 3) 72-kd heat-shock protein induction in neurons bordering a necrotic ischemic core may be the morphological equivalent of the ischemic penumbra.
  • (17) While within the penumbra, some direct sunlight falls on the Moon but little darkening of the disc will be noticed until a few minutes before the Moon begins to enter the umbra at 19:23.
  • (18) Measurements with the diode interfaced to an X-Y recorder required only a fraction of the time required with the chambers, minimizing error due to change in machine output, and permitted resolution of isodose lines in the penumbra.
  • (19) A typical spot has a central dark umbra, surrounded by a lighter penumbra.
  • (20) The rate in the penumbra differed (P = .01) from that in the predicted low-dose region, where scotoma did not increase with time.