What's the difference between effacement and shortening?

Effacement


Definition:

  • (n.) The act if effacing; also, the result of the act.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) Histiocytes, lymphocytes, immunoblasts, and plasma cells were present in expanded paracortical regions which encroached on, and occasionally effaced, lymphoid follicles.
  • (2) In more than 60%, dilatation or effacement of the cervix occurred with minimal side effects.
  • (3) The O157:H8 strains did not produce VT. All gave localised attachment to HEp-2 cells, associated with a positive fluorescence-actin staining test, and all hybridised with the E coli attaching and effacing (eae) probe.
  • (4) Yet social workers are usually extremely modest and self-effacing about their achievements.
  • (5) Three of five patients in whom the diagnosis was made early in the course of the disease and in whom plasmapheresis was initiated immediately had reversal of epithelial foot process effacement and remission of proteinuria.
  • (6) The ability of enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) to form attaching and effacing intestinal lesions is a major characteristic of EPEC pathogenesis.
  • (7) These findings contribute to emerging evidence that attaching effacing intestinal bacteria are globally distributed pathogens in a variety of host species and that bacteriophage-mediated production of Shiga-like toxin is related to the virulence of such bacteria.
  • (8) Mean basal levels and the rise in prostaglandin metabolites were not related to cerclage type, trimester of pregnancy, or cervical status (dilatation less than or equal to 3 cm; effacement less than or equal to 60%).
  • (9) One pLV527-hybridizing strain displayed both attachment-effacement and invasiveness in the rabbit ileal biopsy explant model.
  • (10) Immensely clever, but also personable, self-effacing and even at times giggly, Letwin has been charged with resolving disputes between departments and, in the coalition, he was a key link man with the Liberal Democrats.
  • (11) The patients were predicted to have a poor prognosis if associated with an earlier occurrence, the hematoma was large, the patient had a poor Glasgow Coma Scale score at the time of CT follow-up, clinical deterioration was noted, or partial or complete effacement of the suprachiasmatic cistern was noted on the CT scan.
  • (12) It takes me a few seconds to realise that Ben Miller (best known for BBC1's The Armstrong & Miller Show ) is just terribly self-effacing and hidden by a beard (I check later; he's losing it for the show proper).
  • (13) Four weeks post-transplantation the xenografts were intraluminally inoculated with various strains of lapine attaching and effacing E. coli or group A rotavirus.
  • (14) Eventually, large areas of brush border effacement occurred with close apposition between bacterial and enterocyte membranes, leading to cup and pedestal formation.
  • (15) Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) are a class of diarrheagenic organisms that induce a characteristic attaching and effacing lesion in enterocytes and various cultured cell lines.
  • (16) Fold thickening evolved into fold effacement with a shaggy contour in two patients with viral infection.
  • (17) We conclude that small bowel colonization by colonizing, nontoxigenic E. coli impairs water and electrolyte absorption and sucrase activity in the absence of recognized enterotoxin, cytotoxin, invasion, or effacement traits.
  • (18) These results confirm the role of the eae gene in the attaching and effacing activity of EPEC and establish the utility of a new system for the construction of deletion mutations.
  • (19) BE levels were found to correlate significantly with uterine muscle contraction (r = 0.966, P less than 0.05) and with cervical effacement (r = 0.974, P less than 0.05) during labor.
  • (20) Patients with decreased lower face height (40 percent) had exaggerated, deepened folds with acutely closed angles between the lower lip and chin pad, whereas those with increased lower face height (25 percent) had shallow, effaced folds.

Shortening


Definition:

  • (p. pr. & vb. n.) of Shorten
  • (n.) The act of making or becoming short or shorter.
  • (n.) That which renders pastry short or friable, as butter, lard, etc.

Example Sentences:

  • (1) The extent of the infectious process was limited, however, because the life span of the cultures was not significantly shortened, the yields of infectious virus per immunofluorescent cell were at all times low, and most infected cells contained only a few well-delineated small masses of antigen, suggestive of an abortive infection.
  • (2) Hearing loss at 8 kHz would shorten the I-V interval, while a loss at 4 kHz would be expected to lengthen the interval.
  • (3) Both systems indicated that the Kupffer cell modified endotoxin by enriching the lipid content of the molecule and shortening the length of the O-antigen.
  • (4) Platelet survival time in patients with Crohn's disease proved to be significantly shortened (p less than 0.001), whereas platelet turnover appeared augmented.
  • (5) Shorten said any arrangement needed to be consistent with international obligations, with asylum seekers afforded due process and their claims properly assessed.
  • (6) Rapid, on-site detection of chlamydial antigen in male FVU would shorten the infectious period by hastening diagnosis and treatment.
  • (7) Isometric exercise induces a significant shortening of both intervals although minor for QT so that the ratio significantly increases in comparison to baseline (p less than .001).
  • (8) Light-induced cone shortening provides a useful model for stuying nonmuscle contraction because it is linear, slow, and repetitive.
  • (9) In the V fibers, APD was lengthened by F, Q, and B, and shortened by L and M. The drug-induced changes in the relation between APD and CL were as in the P fibers.
  • (10) The CL was also longer in the duodenum, whereas the CD was shortened, indicating a reduction of the wave movements from the stomach antrum to the duodenum in the ranitidine periods.
  • (11) Chloride caused a significant concentration-dependent shortening of myosin rods due to destabilization of the alpha-helical double coiled rod structure.
  • (12) Strong correlations were found also between postsystolic shortening and thickening measured immediately before reperfusion and systolic shortening and thickening measured after recovery at 2-3 weeks (r = 0.73, n = 28; p less than 0.001 for shortening; r = 0.79, n = 12; p less than 0.01 for thickening).
  • (13) Slight but significant shortening of the latency of initial positivity in the evoked potential was observed after rearing in the enriched condition as compared to the data obtained from the littermates that were reared in the standard or impoverished conditions.
  • (14) When using pair stimula, barbamil shortens the period of absolute nonexcitation and the second phase of depression in the cycle of restituted H-reflexes to the second stimula in the pair.
  • (15) Accordingly, RV systolic SL shortening did not rise despite the substantial augmentation in RV outflow.
  • (16) Chloroquine administration shortened the time taken to reach peak plasma paracetamol concentration (tmax) in five of the volunteers.
  • (17) The survival time of the lambs was markedly shortened with the bubble oxygenator, although much longer than had been anticipated.
  • (18) An algorithm for the treatment of cryptococcosis complicating AIDS may shorten the duration of primary intravenous AB therapy.
  • (19) VT returned to control levels, expiratory time shortened, and breathing frequency increased.
  • (20) Isotonically, peak muscle shortening was reduced in the left muscle, whereas time to peak shortening was prolonged in the right myocardium.

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