(1) This suggests that there was a deterioration of the vasoconstrictor response and indicated a possible effect of heat at the receptor or effector level.
(2) Three effector: target ratios (6.2:1, 25:1, and 50:1) were studied in quadruplicate using 3, 4 and 5-h incubations.
(3) The results support the notion that mediator lymphocytes circulate in tumor immunized rats in a noncytotoxic state, specifically recognize tumor cells at a challenge site, and mediate induction of effector cells locally.
(4) The presence of a previously unreported dipeptide transport mechanism within blood leukocytes and the selective enrichment of the granule enzyme, DPPI, within cytotoxic effector cells of lymphoid or myeloid lineage appear to afford a unique mechanism for the targeting of immunotherapeutic reagents composed of simple dipeptide esters or amides.
(5) The isolated LGL were highly cytotoxic against YAC-1 lymphoma cells and this cytolytic activity was blocked by treatment of the effector cells with an antibody against natural killer cells (anti-asialo GM1).
(6) Interestingly, different mechanisms of nucleated and non-nucleated TC directed lysis by CD4+ effectors were implied by distinct patterns of sensitivity to cholera toxin (CT) and cyclosporin A (CsA).
(7) These killer cells could lyse a wide range of syngeneic and allogeneic lymphoid tumour cell lines in vitro, and it was found that cell suspensions from nude mice were always significantly more active than those from normal mice, and that the most active effector population was a polymorph-enriched peritoneal-exudate cell suspension.
(8) We speculate that intestinal injury may also induce or perpetuate arthritis by systemic distribution of inflammatory mediators produced by intestinal immune effector cells.
(9) Effector cells capable of mediating cytotoxicity in each assay were defined by testing the cytotoxic function of lymphocyte subpopulations isolated from two representative patients with each disease using techniques of immunoabsorbent affinity chromatography and Fc receptor binding to antigen-antibody complexes.
(10) Thus, monocytes may play a dual role, not only as effector cells, but also as cells that collaborate with T cells after OKT3 MoAb stimulation so as to produce PCA.
(11) Furthermore, effector TH cells within the two compartments exert differential effector activities: splenic effector TH cells induce B cells to both proliferation and maturation, while thymic effector TH cells are defective in activating B-cell maturation.
(12) Our results suggest that NCAM, in the presence of other AM, may have a supportive role in adhesion of leukaemic targets to LAK effectors.
(13) The cytolytic activity of peritoneal SEA reactive effector cells was confined to the TCR alpha beta+ CD4- CD8+ CD45RC- cell population.
(14) FBP was bound with greater frequency and intensity to 3-day oil-elicited peritoneal macrophages which are responsive to migration inhibition by FBP and migration inhibitory factor (MIF) than to resident or 7-day inflammatory macrophages which are unresponsive to activation by the same effectors.
(15) Pyocyanine did not interfere with interleukin 2 synthesis, nor did it affect the lytic stage of cytotoxic effector T cells.
(16) Such data show that effector cells which kill antibody-coated target cells may be of T cell nature.
(17) The immune system has evolved to protect an organism from the pathogens that invade it but the effector mechanisms involved in mediating this protection are potentially lethal to the host itself.
(18) Chimeric oligodeoxynucleotides, comprised of internal phosphodiester and terminal methylphosphonodiester sections, possess many beneficial characteristics as antisense effectors.
(19) The development of T cells from stem (progenitor) cells to effector cells results from a two-wave process of proliferation and differentiation.
(20) Because previous work has shown that radioisotope release from parasites may be nonspecific, separate experiments were performed to determine the cytotoxicity of LAK cells against antibody-coated trophozoites by using ethidium bromide-acridine orange staining to assess effector cell damage.
Efficiency
Definition:
(n.) The quality of being efficient or producing an effect or effects; efficient power; effectual agency.
(n.) The ratio of useful work to energy expended.
Example Sentences:
(1) Theoretical findings on sterilization and disinfection measures are useless for the dental practice if their efficiency is put into question due to insufficient consideration of the special conditions of dental treatment.
(2) The hemodynamic efficiency of the drive was tested in a number of in vivo experiments.
(3) This may be due to efficient replacement of Leu by Phe at CUC (and, probably, CUU) codons throughout the genome.
(4) Meanwhile the efficiency of muscarinic antagonists in inhibition of tremor reaction induced by arecoline administration is associated with interaction between the drugs and the M2-subtype.
(5) These lysates are comparable to those of Escherichia coli in transcriptional and translational fidelity and efficiency in response to a given template DNA.
(6) The carotenoid lycopene was the most efficient 1O2 quencher (kq + kr = 31 x 10(9) M-1 s-1).
(7) The obvious need for highly effective contraception in women with existing disorders of glucose metabolism has led to a search for oral contraceptive (OC) regimens for such women that are efficient but without unacceptable metabolic side effects.
(8) McDonald said cutting better deals with suppliers and improving efficiency as well as raising some prices had only partly offset the impact of sterling’s fall against the dollar.
(9) Epidermal growth factor reduced plating efficiency by about 50% for A431 cells in different cell cycle phases whereas a slight increase in plating efficiency was seen for SiHa cells.
(10) It is argued that this process drove the evolution of present 5' and 3' splice sites from a subset of proto-splice sites and also drove the evolution of a more efficient splicing machinery.
(11) Nevertheless, this LTR does not govern efficient transcription of adjacent genes in a transient expression assay.
(12) This new protocol has increased the effectiveness of the toxicology laboratory and enhanced the efficiency of the house staff.
(13) It is proposed that microoscillations of the eye increase the threshold for detection of retinal target displacements, leading to less efficient lateral sway stabilization than expected, and that the threshold for detection of self motion in the A-P direction is lower than the threshold for object motion detection used in the calculations, leading to more efficient stabilization of A-P sway.
(14) Although they were praised in the last five years as the most efficient drugs against cancer and infectious diseases, no great success was clinically and experimentally reported in the past.
(15) An efficient numerical algorithm based on the cyclic coordinate search method to solve the latter is explained.
(16) A standard protocol is reported for the highly efficient demonstration of replication patterns corresponding to R-type and G-type banding.
(17) The experiences with short-time psychotherapies described here are encouraging and confirm results of other groups demonstrating the efficiency of psychotherapeutic interventions with the elderly.
(18) Analysis of 156 records relating to patients at the age of 15 to 85 years with extended purulent peritonitis of the surgical and gynecological genesis (the toxic phase, VI category ASA) showed that combination of programmed sanitation laparotomy and intensive antibacterial therapy performed as short-term courses before, during and after the operation with an account of the information on the nature of the microbial associations and antibioticograms was an efficient procedure in treatment of severe peritonitis.
(19) Plasmids containing the inverted repeat alone bound ER, though less efficiently than did plasmids containing the entire sequence.
(20) As novel antibody therapeutics are developed for different malignancies and require evaluation with cells previously uncharacterized as antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) targets, efficient description of key parameters of the assay system expedites the preclinical assessment.