(n.) A disease of the skin, in which it become enormously thickened, and is rough, hard, and fissured, like an elephant's hide.
Example Sentences:
(1) Choroido-retinal degeneration, genital elephantiasis and hydrocoele, commonly associated with onchocerciasis in other parts of the Sudan, are absent.
(2) From 1960 to date, there have been four cases of elephantiasis penis in the urologic clinic of the Katharinenhospital in Stuttgart, which were operated on by skin transplantation.
(3) All of Goyrand's work was edited by Masson in 1870, including a superb case report of giant elephantiasis of the penis and scrotum, a study on cleft lip and the technique of using collodion bands to close large wounds [corrected].
(4) The author developed a microlymphatico-venous procedure to treat elephantiasis of the scrotum and applied it clinically with good results.
(5) Only two cases of leg elephantiasis and one breast elephantiasis were found.
(6) Larvae are responsible for damage to various structures of the lymphatic system (thrombo-lymphangitis, acute or granulomatous lymphadenitis...) into which they migrate, explaining the mechanism of elephantiasis.
(7) Clinical signs of disease with the exception of elephantiasis, showed good correlations with Mf-rates but not with MfD50 values.
(8) Sera from 50 patients with several clinical forms of the disease including asymptomatic carriers, tropical pulmonary eosinophilia, elephantiasis, filarial fever and chyluria were analysed.
(9) In the irreversible lymphoedema (stage III) and in the elephantiasis (stage IV) the following operations have been developed: ligature of ectatic lymphtrunks, peripheral lymphovenous and lymphadenovenous shunts, skin-flap transplantations, free or pediculated transplantation of the greater omentum, lymphangioplastic operations (Thompson-operation) or excisional operations (Servelle-operation).
(10) Patients with elephantiasis seldom have circulating microfilariae in their blood.
(11) Thus, the ability to initiate the formation of obstructive lesions in the dilated lymphatics of chronically parasitized nude mice by immunological reconstitution, suggests that several complex mechanisms might operate in stages to cause filarial elephantiasis.
(12) An estimated 2500 to 40000 men suffering from hydroceles and 3700 to 40000 elephantiasis patients demonstrate that bancroftian filariasis has to be regarded a health problem in rural coastal Liberia.
(13) In Kakap 18% of 226 persons examined had a clinical history of filariasis and elephantiasis was seen in 13%.
(14) Analysis of the microfilarial densities at different ages and the number of anatomical sites showing lymph gland enlargement or elephantiasis have been used to provide evidence on the clustering of infections and pathogenesis.Although there is no evidence of clustering of risk of infection, there is evidence favouring the clustering of adult filariae in individuals.
(15) The diagnosis of elephantiasis nostras can often be made based on the clinical findings, but examination of tissue may be helpful to rule out associated conditions, especially malignancies.
(16) Lymphatic filariasis is expressed clinically as elephantiasis.
(17) In spite of a regular intravenous protein substitution for many years, this patient had developed a monstrous elephantiasis of the lower extremities.
(18) An elderly man had elephantiasis of a lower extremity that was partially covered with verrucose papules, but also had sharply delineated islands of normal-appearing skin.
(19) Whereas clinical descriptions of grotesque lymphedema and standard light microscopy in human filariasis have elucidated the natural progression of this disease, the link between the nematode and vascular abnormalities including elephantiasis remains poorly understood.
(20) A case of elephantiasis nostras in a lower limb is presented.
Nematode
Definition:
(a. & n.) Same as Nematoid.
Example Sentences:
(1) The faeces of forty-two were examined microscopically for nematode eggs.
(2) The propionyl-CoA condensing enzyme which catalyzes the first step in the biosynthesis of 2-methylbutyrate and 2-methylvalerate by Ascaris muscle appears to exist in at least three forms in the mitochondria of this parasitic nematode.
(3) Haematological and blood biochemical changes in the sheep, as well as fecundity of gastrointestinal nematodes, suggested the hosts were immunosuppressed.
(4) We have studied the organization of microtubules in neurons of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.
(5) At the external wall of the host's gut, parasitic cysts of this nematode with immature stages inside were also observed.
(6) Mice (C57BL) infected with the intestinal nematode Nematospiroides dubius showed depressed delayed type hypersensitivity responses to ovalbumin administered subcutaneously in Freund's complete adjuvant.
(7) Additionally, both nematode enzymes acetylated histamine, whereas dopamine and serotonin were not accepted as substrates.
(8) The study design of a project to investigate the epidemiology, population dynamics and control of intestinal nematode infections in fishing village communities in Southern India is described.
(9) Two control trials were conducted against Ae.samoanus larvae in Pandanus, one using a sand culture of the parasitic nematode Romanomermis culicivorax and the other with temephos, an organophosphate insecticide.
(10) Lesions associated with Philometroides huronensis in the white sucker (Catostomus commersoni) of southern Ontario occurred during the spring (April-June) and were related to the development and release of first-stage larvae from the gravid nematode.
(11) Hypoproteinaemia, attributed to serum albumin loss, was demonstrated seven weeks after infection, but this was not associated with the interaction of Cu deficiency and nematode infection.
(12) Five cases shown to be positive by traditional methods were negative in the agar plate method, and it was necessary to discriminate Strongyloides microscopically from other similar nematode larvae, especially in an area, such as northern Thailand, with a high prevalence of hookworms.
(13) Using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) we have retrieved soluble proteins and cells from the respiratory tract of rats given a primary or secondary infection with the nematode Nippostrongylus brasiliensis.
(14) Specific binding sites for ivermectin (IVM; 22,23-dihydroavermectin-B1) were identified and characterized in a crude membrane fraction prepared from the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans).
(15) The association of SL-RNA and 5S rRNA genes in tandemly repeated units is also found in nematodes but paradoxically does not exist in trypanosomes which are phylogenically much closer to Euglena.
(16) We sought genes defining synaptic specificity by identifying mutations that alter synaptic connectivity in the motor circuitry in the nematode C. elegans.
(17) The nematode T. spiralis can survive for tens of years within the cytoplasm of the Nurse cell and secretes proteins into the cytoplasm that are believed to play a role in mediating the Nurse cell formation or maintenance.
(18) The nematodes infecting children by the oral way have a maximal incidence at the age of 3 to 6 years.
(19) A survey of gastrointestinal nematodes in Georgia cattle was conducted from 1968 through 1973 from actual worm counts from viscera of 145 slaughtered beef cattle or from egg counts made from fecal samples from 3,273 beef and 100 dairy cattle.
(20) This diversity is illustrated by a comparison of sex determination in three well-studied model organisms: the fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, and the mouse.